Safety and efficacy of newer liquid embolic agents Squid and PHIL in endovascular embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A wide range of liquid embolic agents has been used in endovascular treatment (EVT) of dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) and cerebral arteriovenous malformations (cAVMs). Newer liquid embolics, Squid (Balt) and PHIL (MicroVention), aim to improve the safety and efficacy of EVT of dAVFs and cAVMs.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of EVT of cAVMs and dAVFs using Squid or PHIL as an embolic agent.

Incidence, epidemiology, radiology, and classification of metastatic spine tumors: WFNS Spine Committee recommendations.

Spinal metastasis (SMs) are the most encountered tumors of the spine. Their occurrence is expected roughly around one to two years after primary tumor diagnosis. Since the advent of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), this technology has been considered the gold standard for SMs diagnosis and characterization due to its precise ability to comprehend the rate of soft tissue compression/invasion (dural sac/nervous tissue), which is one of the main drivers of management strategies.

Organelle-level toxicity of nanometals relevant to titanium implants. Original research and comprehensive literature overview.

Objective: This study analyzed organelle toxicities of nanometals applied as free formulations or titanium rod-coating materials in rats.

Methods: All materials were injected intraperitoneally, including the physiological saline applied to the control group. The first experimental group was implanted with nanosilver-coated titanium rods, and the second, third, and fourth groups received free nanosilver at rising levels.

Gaps in biomedical research in frontotemporal dementia: A call for diversity and disparities focused research.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is one of the leading causes of young-onset dementia before age 65, typically manifesting as abnormal behavior (in behavioral variant FTD) or language impairment (in primary progressive aphasia). Although FTD affects all populations across the globe, knowledge regarding the pathophysiology and genetics derives primarily from studies conducted in North America and Western Europe. Globally, biomedical research for FTD is hindered by variable access to diagnosis, discussed in this group's earlier article, and by reduced access to expertise, funding, and infrastructure.

The Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block on Postoperative Opioid Consumption and Respiratory Recovery in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound (US)-guided bilateral erector spinae plane (ESP) block on postoperative opioid consumption and respiratory recovery in patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Methods: The study was conducted on 40 patients scheduled for LSG. The patients were randomly allocated into either the ESP block group or the control group.

Ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block for surgical anesthesia in wound care patients with ongoing anticoagulant/antiaggregant therapy: A single-center, prospective study.

Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks may be a good alternative in patients under antithrombotic drugs. We evaluated the efficacy of ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block in patients undergoing lower extremity wound debridement of whom antithrombotic drugs could not be stopped. We focused on hemorrhagic complications related to sciatic nerve block.

Emergency lumbar disc herniation surgery with spinal anesthesia during pregnancy: Clinical features and long-term outcome.

Background: This study aimed to review the safety and prognosis of emergency lumbar microdiscectomy surgery during pregnancy.

Methods: The study included a cohort of ten consecutive pregnant patients who underwent urgent lumbar microdiscectomy surgery between 2016 and 2022-perioperative and perinatal clinical data derived from medical records-a retrospective analysis. The patients were evaluated based on age, gestational age, gravidity, parity, neurological examination findings, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores with the early and late postoperative results of mother and newborns with follow-up.

Artificial Intelligence Assisted Surgical Scene Recognition: A Comparative Study Amongst Healthcare Professionals.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the ability of a deep-learning platform (the MACSSwin-T model) with healthcare professionals in detecting cerebral aneurysms from operative videos. Secondly, we aimed to compare the neurosurgical team's ability to detect cerebral aneurysms with and without AI-assistance.

Background: Modern microscopic surgery enables the capture of operative video data on an unforeseen scale.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for patients with brainstem cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs): an international, multicentric study.

Brainstem cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are clinically more aggressive compared to superficial CCMs. Due to their location, resection can be challenging, making stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) an attractive alternative for symptomatic patient. Brainstem CCM patients (n = 170) were treated with Gamma Knife SRS at 11 radiosurgical centers.

The effect of anesthesia methods on the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients undergoing forearm surgery: A monocentric and retrospective study.

Surgical trauma can induce systemic inflammation. The selected anesthesia method may modulate the inflammatory response and surgical results in the inflammatory process that occurs during surgical trauma. In this retrospective study, we aimed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of general anesthesia and peripheral nerve block (infraclavicular block).

Napabucasin Inhibits Proliferation and Migration of Glioblastoma Cells (U87) by Regulating JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

: Napabucasin (NP) was discovered as a natural compound that suppresses cancer stemness by inhibiting the signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. In this study, the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of NP and the chemotherapy agent doxorubicin (DX), a natural compound, on glioblastoma cells (U87) were investigated. : In this study, the effects of NP and DX on cell viability on the glioblastoma U87 cell line were determined by MTT test.

The relationship between urodynamic bladder compliance and urinary fibrosis markers in children with neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

Background: Decreased bladder compliance is an important risk factor for upper urinary tract in children with neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NBD). Urodynamics is the gold standard in determining bladder compliance.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between low bladder compliance and urinary fibrosis markers in NBD.

Evaluating the efficacy of a cost-effective, fully three-dimensional-printed vertebra model for endoscopic spine surgery training for neurosurgical residents.

Study Design: A fused deposition modeling three-dimensional (3D)-printed model of the L4-5 vertebra for lumbar discectomy was designed. The model included separately printed dura mater, spinal cord, ligamentum flavum, intervertebral disc (from thermoplastic polyurethane), and bony structures (from polylactic acid), and the material cost approximately US$ 1 per model. A simple plumbing endoscope was used for visualization.

Treatment of Galen Vein Arteriovenous Malformation with Gamma Knife Surgery.

The vein of Galen arteriovenous malformation is a rare abnormality of the fetal cerebral vascular system. It is caused by the persistence of a cerebral arteriovenous fistula of the median prosencephalic vein. Due to the high mortality rate of the surgical option in its treatment, the approach with embolization and radiosurgery combinations continues to be popular.

Preoperative prediction of diffuse glioma type and grade in adults: a gadolinium-free MRI-based decision tree.

Objectives: To develop a gadolinium-free MRI-based diagnosis prediction decision tree (DPDT) for adult-type diffuse gliomas and to assess the added value of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) enhanced images.

Materials And Methods: This study included preoperative grade 2-4 adult-type diffuse gliomas (World Health Organization 2021) scanned between 2010 and 2021. The DPDT, incorporating eleven GBCA-free MRI features, was developed using 18% of the dataset based on consensus readings.

Outcomes following endoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngiomas using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging: Case series.

Background: Craniopharyngiomas are rare tumors that originate from the squamous epithelium in Rathke's sac residues. There is a limited body of literature on the effect of using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (IO-MRI) in resection of craniopharyngiomas via endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES). The present study aims to assess the outcomes of EES for resection of craniopharyngiomas using IO-MRI.

Differential diagnosis between recurrent disc herniation and granulation tissue after lumbar disc herniation Surgery: Qualitative analysis on MRI scans.

Background: Recurrence of disc herniation is a prevalent late-term complication among patients surgically treated for lumbar disc herniation. Differential diagnosis between recurrent disc herniation and granulation tissue can be achieved through signal intensity measurements on T2-weighted MRI examinations. This study aims to examine cases operated on for recurrence of lumbar disc herniation, assessing those presenting with either disc recurrence or granulation tissue.

Comparative efficacy of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block versus wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia in instrumented lumbar spinal surgeries.

Objective: This study compared the efficacy of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and wound infiltration (WI) for postoperative analgesia in patients who underwent lumbar spinal surgery with instrumentation.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 80 patients were divided into two groups: ESPB (n = 40) and WI (n = 40). Postoperative pain intensity was assessed via the visual analog scale (VAS) at multiple time points within 24 h.