13,801 results match your criteria: "Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy"

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare neurological condition. Research has increased our understanding of the etiology, prognosis, and effective medical treatment of the illness. There is a lack of understanding regarding the psychological effects and what could help patients.

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Dermatomyositis is a multi-system, connective tissue immune-mediated inflammatory condition characterised by myositis and distinct skin manifestations, with a higher prevalence in women. Symptoms typically appear in adulthood, though a juvenile form exists. Early signs may include Gottron's papules and heliotrope rash, with proximal muscle weakness as the second most common initial symptom.

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Hepatitis E is a hepatotropic virus and the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis among adults in India. It has four genotypes, and genotype 1 is mostly associated with sporadic cases. It typically causes self-limiting acute hepatitis following a prodromal course.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is often treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor α (anti-TNF-α) medications. While these drugs can cause common side effects such as injection-site and infusion reactions, rare cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) have been reported. It's a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by progressive, ascending weakness of the extremities and areflexia, with an incidence of about 1.

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Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Africa: Understanding, Addressing, and Empowering.

Health Sci Rep

December 2024

Department of Research and Education Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education Kigali Rwanda.

Introduction: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a spectrum of peripheral neuropathies characterized by rapid symmetrical limb weakness and sensory symptoms. GBS can be life-threatening and requires intensive care, particularly for patients with imminent respiratory failure. In Africa, limited research and high therapy costs pose challenges.

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Subacute Neuropathy Post-Liver Transplantation in Zellweger Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report.

Am J Med Genet A

December 2024

Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.

Peroxisome biogenesis disorders-Zellweger spectrum disorder (PBD-ZSD) is a rare genetic disease caused by mutations in the genes involved in peroxisome biogenesis. PBD-ZSD presentations vary in severity, and treatment of PBD-ZSD remains supportive focused on specific complications. A few reported cases of the use of liver transplantation to treat either neurological symptoms or liver dysfunction and cirrhosis in PBD-ZSD have been published.

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A rare association of Guillain-Barré syndrome/Miller-Fisher syndrome overlap syndrome and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 infection: trigger or exacerbating factor?

Ther Adv Neurol Disord

December 2024

Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Centre, Milan, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated disorder with varied symptoms often triggered by infections, including viral ones.
  • An 80-year-old man exhibited signs of GBS/Miller-Fisher syndrome overlap after a respiratory infection, and tests showed herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA in his cerebrospinal fluid.
  • Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and acyclovir led to recovery, highlighting the importance of considering viral infections as potential triggers for autoimmune neurological conditions.
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Dengue and severe dengue with neurological complications: a challenge for prevention and control.

Arq Neuropsiquiatr

December 2024

Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.

Article Synopsis
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Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute polyneuropathy commonly preceded by infection, with growing recognition of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a trigger. We present a case of a 44-year-old male with HIV-associated GBS refractory to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy, who achieved remission upon starting highly active antireroviral therapy (HAART). There remains a lack of consensus on the management of this condition across the spectrum of disease, and the interplay between the therapeutic options is poorly understood.

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Background: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a severe autoimmune neuropathy that has to be treated quickly and efficiently in emergency situations, when both cost and effectiveness are vital.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in managing acute GBS in emergency departments.

Methodology: A prospective observational study conducted from January to December 2023 evaluated the treatment of adults with acute GBS using IVIG or plasmapheresis.

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Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a common entity in neurology clinics. A variety of etiologies have been implicated in the presentation of GBS. Although rarely reported, traumatic brain injury (TBI) has also been reported to cause GBS.

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[Radiological clinical profile of multiple cranial neuropathy and recurrence risk factors].

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc

September 2024

Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Ciudad de México, México.

Background: Multiple cranial neuropathies (MCN) are the dysfunction of 2 or more cranial nerves, simultaneously or sequentially. The most common causes are tumors, followed by vascular and traumatic causes, central nervous system infections and Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants.

Objective: To identify the radiological clinical profile of MCN in patients of a tertiary-care hospital.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the causal effect of immune cell phenotype on GBS using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: This study used MR to investigate the causal relationship between 731 immune cell phenotypes and GBS. We used Inverse variance weighted, Weighted median, MR Egger, Simple mode, Weighted mode for MR analysis.

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Article Synopsis
  • The Zika virus outbreak in 2015 led to increased instances of microcephaly in infants and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in adults.
  • Research focused on the specificity of antibodies in individuals with Zika-associated GBS, using specially mutated Zika virus particles for analysis.
  • Findings showed that GBS-positive individuals had more stable neutralizing antibodies over time and possibly targeted different virus components compared to GBS-negative individuals.
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Intravenous immunoglobulin as a therapy for autoimmune conditions.

Autoimmun Rev

January 2025

Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; Reichman University, Herzelia 46101, Israel. Electronic address:

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a medical preparation used as replacement therapy for patients with immunodeficiencies. Over time, IVIg's anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects have been recognized, which have led to the approval of this therapy in the treatment of various pathologies, such as Kawasaki disease, immune thrombocytopenia, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. There are numerous studies in the literature regarding the off-label use of IVIg in the treatment of autoimmune diseases (e.

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Acute lower limb ischemia (ALI) is a vascular emergency that necessitates prompt intervention to avert irreversible damage. The relationship between ALI and paraplegia is a rare occurrence, particularly in patients with vascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN). We present the case of a 60-year-old male with a medical history of DM, HTN, and ischemic heart disease (IHD) who developed acute paraplegia 12 days after undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

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Background And Aims: The aim of this study is to validate and perform a region-specific adjustment of the Erasmus GBS Respiratory Insufficiency Score (EGRIS) and identify potential predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) among Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients from Bangladesh.

Methods: We enrolled GBS patients from four prospective observational cohort studies conducted in Bangladesh. Accuracy of EGRIS to predict the requirement of MV in <7 days of study entry was evaluated.

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Article Synopsis
  • Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) has been documented since 1859 and involves various factors that can affect prognosis and treatment options.
  • Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) are primary treatments for GBS, and early identification of its subtypes helps in managing the condition effectively.
  • In a study of six pediatric cases of the Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN) subtype, five patients successfully recovered from mechanical ventilation after receiving TPE, highlighting its potential benefits in severe, IVIG-resistant GBS cases.
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Proposal of a functional prognostic scale in mexican patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Rev Invest Clin

November 2024

Emergency Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City, Mexico.

Background: There is currently no prognostic scale for patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in the Mexican population.

Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the factors associated with functional prognosis by proposing short-term and long-term prognostic scales.

Methods: Prospective cohort of patients with GBS at an academic medical center, with neuroconduction study and 6-month follow-up.

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[Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guilain-Barré syndrome, 2012-2022].

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc

November 2024

Secretaría de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Departamento de Epidemiología. Ciudad de México, México.

Article Synopsis
  • Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disorder that often follows infections and is a major cause of paralysis globally, primarily affecting younger adult males.
  • A study reviewed 477 GBS cases from 2012 to 2022, finding a notable increase in incidence, with many patients experiencing gastrointestinal infections prior to onset and drug addiction being a common comorbidity.
  • The study noted a mortality rate of 2.5%, predominantly in cases of acute motor axonal neuropathy, and the findings correlate with previous research on GBS trends.
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