Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Toll-like Receptor-4 and the Risk of Developing Skin Cancer.

Exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is an established risk factor for skin cancer. Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4)-mediated immune dysregulation has emerged as a key mechanism for the detrimental effects of acute and chronic UV exposure and skin cancer in mice. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the gene have been reported to increase or decrease susceptibility to various cancers in other organs.

High-Dose Epidermal Radionuclide Therapy with Re (Rhenium) Resin in a Patient with Multiple Actinic Keratoses.

 High-dose epidermal radionuclide therapy using a nonsealed Re (Rhenium) resin is an alternative treatment option for nonmelanoma skin cancer. In this case study, we present the possible use of this therapy in a patient with multiple actinic keratosis (AK), which is a precancer of the skin.  A 55-year-old male was presented in our department with multiple AK, located on the cheek, temporal, and frontal area, with 1, 1, 2.

Keratoelastoidosis Marginalis of the Hands: A Distinct Form of Palmoplantar Keratoderma.

Keratoelastoidosis marginalis of the hands (KEMH) is an acquired form of marginal papular keratoderma, characterized by thickened keratotic plaques predominantly affecting the lateral side of the index finger and the medial side of the thumb. It is often associated with chronic sun exposure and trauma, usually affecting older individuals. Due to clinical similarities with other palmoplantar keratodermas, differential diagnosis is essential for effective treatment management.

Long-term follow-up of a randomized, double-blind, phase III, multi-centre study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of field-directed photodynamic therapy (PDT) of mild to moderate actinic keratosis using BF-200 ALA versus placebo and the BF-RhodoLED® lamp.

Background: In actinic keratosis (AK), field cancerization describes areas of skin where multiple visible AK lesions are surrounded by healthy looking skin containing non-visible (subclinical) lesions. As all AK lesions have a risk of progression to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, experts advise field-directed treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective field-directed treatment option for AK; however, long-term efficacy data are still scarce.

Hundred Most Cited Articles in Actinic Keratosis: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Many articles have been published on actinic keratosis. Bibliometric analysis helps identify the most influential studies in a particular field, Our article was to identify the 100 most frequently cited references on actinic keratosis through bibliometric analysis. As of March 1, 2020, actinic keratosis was searched in the Web of Science database and ranked in order of the total number of citations.

Safety and efficacy of the swift microwave device in patients with mild-to-moderate onychomycosis: Protocol of an open-label, randomized, dose-finding pilot study.

Background: Onychomycosis is a common fungal nail disease with a prevalence rate up to 14% in North America and 24% in Europe. The current treatment paradigm is limited by a high risk of disease recurrence, safety concerns for oral agents, and a low likelihood of patients achieving both clinical improvement and mycological cure. Recent advances in device-based treatments have allowed for the direct targeting of the infection site that bypasses drug resistance mechanisms while minimizing systemic side-effects.

Solar dermatitis in a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis).

Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can cause cutaneous damage, resulting in specific pathological changes such as actinic keratosis and dermatitis. Despite actinic dermatosis being well documented in both humans and animals, it has rarely been reported in non-human primates (NHPs). Here, we describe a case of chronic UV light exposure in cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis).

Clinical Risk Factors for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patients with Actinic Keratosis or Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Situ: A Retrospective Double-cohort Study.

Actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in situ are precancerous forms of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. In this single-centre retrospective study, patients with histopathologically confirmed actinic keratosis (n = 121) or cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in situ (n = 99) as their initial keratinocyte-derived lesion were compared and evaluated with regard to development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma during a 5-year observation period. Patients with severely dysplastic actinic keratosis or cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in situ as their initial lesion developed cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma more rapidly than patients with actinic keratosis with mild or moderate dysplasia.

The Application of High-Frequency Ultrasonography in Post-Therapeutic Assessment of Actinic Keratosis After Photodynamic Therapy.

Objectives: Actinic keratoses (AKs) are one of the most common reasons for consultation in the elderly population. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of 5-ALA PDT in AK treatment using high-frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) to evaluate skin layer changes during therapy.

Methods: In our study, we included 44 AK patients aged 53 to 89 years.

Vascular Characteristics of Treatment-resistant and -responsive Actinic Keratosis Identified with Dynamic Optical Coherence Tomography.

Treatment-resistant actinic keratosis (AK) is of concern in clinical practice, often requiring retreatment. Microvascular assessments might help differentiate treatment-resistant from treatment-responsive AKs, enabling targeted treatment. Using dynamic optical coherence tomography, AK vascularization was investigated following daylight photodynamic therapy, comparing treatment-resistant with cleared AKs.

Pigmented pathological type and depth of follicular extension as predictors of treatment failure in 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis: A retrospective, matched nested case-control study.

Background: While 5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is widely used to treat actinic keratosis (AK), treatment resistance and recurrence after ALA-PDT remain significant clinical challenges.

Methods: This single-site, retrospective, matched case-control study included 119 patients with histologically confirmed AK to identify clinical and pathological predictors for effectiveness of ALA-PDT. Patients received four consecutive ALA-PDT sessions at intervals of 1 or 2 weeks.

Innovations in Actinic Keratosis.

This review discusses recent progress in actinic keratosis (AK) management, highlighting therapeutic breakthroughs, pathophysiological discoveries, and program implementation strategies. This article also explores advances in photodynamic therapy, introduces new topical treatments, and details the genomic and transcriptomic pathways from AK to squamous cell carcinoma, including the role of the cutaneous microbiome. Studies aiming to improve diagnosis, adherence, and patient-focused care are also reviewed.

Prebiotic and panthenol-containing dermocosmetic improves tolerance from artificial daylight photodynamic therapy: A randomized controlled trial in patients with actinic keratosis.

Introduction & Objectives: Treatment with daylight photodynamic therapy (dPDT) of actinic keratosis (AK) is associated with local skin reactions (LSR), which may affect patients' quality of life and treatment acceptability. This study explores the potential of a prebiotic and panthenol-containing Dermocosmetic Cream (DC) to enhance tolerance and mitigate post-dPDT induced LSR in the treatment of AKs.

Materials & Methods: This randomized controlled, intra-individual trial included 20 patients with ≥10 AKs in two symmetrical areas on their face or décolleté, treated with a single session of artificial dPDT.