A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diabetes Associated Mortality in Patients with COVID-19.

Context: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been one of the deadliest pandemics in recent decade. The virus has specifically targeted the comorbid population in terms of mortality. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the overall mortality and diabetes-associated mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices about COVID-19 among Kashmiri population: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Nations across the globe are investing enormous resources to contain the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Assessing community knowledge and behavior could help in designing effective health-care policies tailored to the need of target population.

Aims: We aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about COVID-19 among Kashmiri population and to determine the association of KAP scores with the sociodemographic variables.

A Retrospective Analysis of Fixed Combination of Empagliflozin and Linagliptin in Addition to the Existing Treatment for its Clinical Effectiveness in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Clinical Experience.

Background: The efficacy and safety of empagliflozin and linagliptin (Empa/Lina), is demonstrated in adults with T2DM in the various trials. The study was planned to investigate the clinical effectiveness and safety of Empa/Lina in a more representative population of the Indian outpatient setting.

Methods: The study was conducted in poorly controlled T2DM patients being treated with Empa/Lina once daily (25/5mg) as an add on in a tertiary care institute in Jammu, India.

Carbamazepine-associated Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome is a severe type IV (delayed T-cell-dependent reaction) hypersensitivity reaction, characterized by fever, mucocutaneous eruptions, eosinophilia, and systemic inflammatory involvement. It usually begins a few weeks after the exposure to offending drug. Commonly implicated drugs are aromatic anticonvulsants (phenytoin, phenobarbitone, and carbamazepine) and sulfa drugs (sulfonamides, sulfasalazine, and dapsone).

Covid-19 Pandemic: Resumption of Orthopedic Care and Medical Education.

Covid-19 is a respiratory disease caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first identified in Wuhan, China (December 2019). The disease rapidly crossed the barrier of countries, continents and spread globally. Non-pharmaceutical measures such as social distancing, face mask, frequent hand washing and use of sanitizer remained the best available option to prevent the spread of disease.

Gastric cancer in Jammu and Kashmir, India: A review of genetic perspectives.

Gastric Carcinoma (GC) is one of the most common malignancies, which accounts for 6.8% of total cancer population worldwide. In India, the northeastern region has the highest gastric cancer incidence, and the Kashmir Valley has a very high incidence of gastric cancer as compared to other parts of Northern India.

Questionnaire based counselling: A tool to identify stress precipitating factors and thereby upgrading the performance of a new medical Entrant in department of anatomy.

Background And Aims: Vast first MBBS course has been posing great problems for a fresh entrant in medical college. A student is merely 18-19 years when he gains entry to a medical college in India. Multiple problems pile up for him at the very onset of his academic year in Department of Anatomy.

Surgical coverage of cataract in a rural area of north India: A cross-sectional study.

Background: India has the highest number of blind people globally, unoperated cataract being the most common cause of blindness and low vision. Although safe and effective cataract surgical techniques are available, the cataract burden continues to increase annually, due to the backlog of patients to be operated upon, and a growing number of cataract cases due to increased life expectancy.

Aim: To assess cataract surgical coverage (CSC) in a rural area of north India.

Overdiagnosis and overtreatment; how to deal with too much medicine.

The past few decades have seen medical science making rapid strides in the field of diagnostic technologies, thus making it possible to detect some conditions at a very early stage. An unwanted effect of these developments is overdiagnosis which occurs when a true abnormality is discovered, but detection of that abnormality and its treatment does not benefit the patient. Overdiagnosis is encountered as a result cancer screening, in genetic diseases and in some chronic conditions when disease definition is broadened.

Assessment of newly introduced foundation course for medical undergraduates: students' vs faculty's perspective.

Background And Objectives: In compliance with MCI's recommendation, a month-long Foundation Course was conducted in our institution in Aug'19. The present study was conducted to seek the opinion of the students and faculty regarding relevance of the topics included in the course to enable revisions to be made in designing the course for the subsequent sessions, to make it more effective and student-oriented.

Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted to seek the opinion of 100 students who underwent the Foundation Course and 35 faculty members who were involved in teaching the topics allotted.

Comparative Evaluation of McGrath MAC, Truview Video Laryngoscopes and Macintosh Laryngoscope for Endotracheal Intubation in Patients Undergoing Surgery under General Anaesthesia.

Background: Videolaryngoscopy is a newly developed technique to improve tracheal intubation success. It was made to bypass the need of directly visualising the glottic inlet. These devices are advantageous as there is no need of aligning the laryngeal, pharyngeal and oral axes for a clear view, thus making intubation easier and faster.

Generics and Biosimilars; A Step Towards Sustainable and Low Cost Health Care.

Millions of people across the globe go without essential medicines resulting in many avoidable deaths each year. It's no secret that the cost of prescription drugs, including the life-saving ones has been rising far faster than inflation over the last few years. If we take the example of diabetes and as India has the largest number of patients with the condition in the world; it has been shown that patients belonging to the low income group in urban India were spending.

Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease; Time to Recognize Perils of Iatrogenic Hypoglycemia?Moving away from Intensive Glycemic Control.

The chronic complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which may be present in as many as 50% of the patients at the time of diagnosis, are a major burden for both individuals with the disease and health systems and it has been estimated that as much as 60-70% of healthcare expenditure related to diabetes (about 670 billion dollars a year) is currently attributable to chronic complications of the disease. These high prevalence rates are widely acknowledged to further rise as poor lifestyle choices and their consequences continue to rise. Adding to that is an aging population and urbanization that together will make situation even more challenging.

Anesthetic Management for Fracture Head of Radius in a Child with Glutaric Aciduria type-1.

Glutaric aciduria Type 1 (GA-1) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that results from deficiency of enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. This gives rise to elevated neurotoxic glutaric acid and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid as well as nontoxic glutarylcarnitine in body fluids. The enzyme defect leads to secondary damage to central nervous system due to the accumulation of glutaric acid.

Securing a Difficult Airway: Tracheal Intubation Achieved after Deliberate Placement of an Endotracheal Tube in Esophagus: A New Approach.

Enlarged thyroid gland with retrosternal extension has an increased incidence of difficult intubation, and it poses real airway challenge for the anesthesiologists. Here, we present a case of successful management of a difficult airway in a female patient of enlarged thyroid gland, planned for open reduction and internal fixation of the upper end of humerus. Endotracheal intubation was achieved after deliberate insertion of an endotracheal tube in esophagus.

Role of Oral Prednisolone in the Management of Postdural Puncture Headache after Spinal Anesthesia in Urological Patients.

Background And Aims: Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a frequently encountered complication of spinal anesthesia and may be associated with significant morbidity in some patients. Parenteral corticosteroids have been used in the management of PDPH both prophylactically and after the occurrence of headache. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral prednisolone in the management of PDPH after spinal anesthesia in urological patients.

Desmoplastic Small Round Blue Cell Tumor: A Review of Treatment and Potential Therapeutic Genomic Alterations.

Desmoplastic small round blue cell tumors (DSRCTs) originate from a cell with multilineage potential. A molecular hallmark of DSRCT is the EWS-WT1 reciprocal translocation. Ewing sarcoma and DSRCT are treated similarly due to similar oncogene activation pathways, and DSRCT has been represented in very limited numbers in sarcoma studies.

Microbiological Surveillance of Operation Theatres: Five Year Retrospective Analysis from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India.

Introduction: Microbiological contamination of air and environment in the operation theaters (OTs) are major risk factor for surgical site and other hospital-associated infections.

Objectives: The aim was to identify bacterial colonization of surfaces and equipment and to determine the microbial contamination of air in the OTs of a tertiary care hospital.

Materials And Methods: Five years (January 2010-December 2014) retrospective analysis of the data obtained from routine microbiological surveillance of the five OTs of the hospital was done.

A variation in PANK2 gene is causing Pantothenate kinase-associated Neurodegeneration in a family from Jammu and Kashmir - India.

Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorder associated with nucleotide variation(s) in mitochondrial human Pantothenate kinase 2 (hPanK2) protein encoding PANK2 gene, and is characterized by symptoms of extra-pyramidal dysfunction and accumulation of non-heme iron predominantly in the basal ganglia of the brain. In this study, we describe a familial case of PKAN from the State of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India based on the clinical findings and genetic screening of two affected siblings born to consanguineous normal parents. The patients present with early-onset, progressive extrapyramidal dysfunction, and brain Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) suggestive of symmetrical iron deposition in the globus pallidi.

Clonidine as an Adjuvant in Fluoroscopic-guided Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection in a Patient of Chronic Lumbosacral Radiculopathy.

Transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) is a minimally invasive modality used to treat patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy secondary to prolapsed intervertebral disc or spinal canal stenosis. In this case report, we describe the management of a patient with chronic lumbosacral radiculopathy secondary to intervertebral disc herniation which was seen as a right paracentral disc protrusion at levels L4-L5, L5-S1 causing thecal sac indentation, effacement of the right lateral recess and right exiting nerve root impingement as was seen on the magnetic resonance image. Diffuse disc bulge at levels L4-L5 and L5-S1 caused thecal sac indentation with right neural foraminal narrowing.

Profile of Lymphadenopathy: An Institutional Based Cytomorphological Study.

Introduction: Lymphadenopathy is one of the most common clinical presentations of patients attending the outdoor department of a hospital. Lymph node aspiration is of great value for the diagnosis of lymphadenitis, lymphomas, and metastatic carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we have reported the pattern of cytological diagnosis on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of lymphadenopathy cases in Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir state of India.

X-ray and computed tomography findings in macrodystrophia lipomatosa of the foot with secondary osteoarthritic changes diagnosed in an elderly female: a case report.

Macrodystrophia lipomatosa is a rare entity that is mostly diagnosed in children. It has been very rarely reported in adults. Here, we describe the X-ray and computed tomography findings in a case of macrodystrophia lipomatosa in an elderly female presenting with an enlarged second toe since birth and bony outgrowths causing pressure effects and cosmetic problems.