Primary Mediastinal Ewing's Sarcoma: Post Hoc Analysis from Two International Multicenter Prospective Randomized Trials.

Objective: Ewing sarcoma (EWS) of the mediastinum is extremely rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. We aimed to gain a better understanding of primary mediastinal EWS, describing patients treated within two international, multicenter, prospective, randomized EWS trials.

Methods: Data from patients with primary mediastinal EWS were retrieved from the database of the EURO-E.

Primary biliary cholangitis drug evaluation and regulatory approval: Where do we go from here?

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease. The management landscape was transformed 20 years ago with the advent of ursodeoxycholic acid. Up to 40% of patients do not, however, respond adequately to ursodeoxycholic acid and therefore still remain at risk of disease progression to cirrhosis.

Validation of the Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT) questionnaire for adults.

Background: The Collaborative Outcome study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT; www.coh-fit.com) is an anonymous and global online survey measuring health and functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Enablers and barriers to the secondary use of health data in Europe: general data protection regulation perspective.

Background: The General Data Protection Regulation is a regulation in EU law on data protection and privacy in the European Union. We aimed to provide an overview of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) enablers and barriers to the secondary use of health data in Europe from the research we conducted in the Joint Action InfAct (Information for Action!) WP10 Assessing and piloting interoperability for public health policy, as well as to provide an example of a national-level case study on experiences with secondary use of health data and GDPR on an example of the Austrian COVID-19 data platform.

Methods: We have identified a number of European initiatives, projects and organizations that have dealt with cross-border health data sharing, linkage and management by desk research and we conducted 17 semi-structured in-depth interviews and analyzed the interview transcripts by framework analysis.

Internet-based psychotherapy in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children can lead to a huge burden on the concerned patients and their family members. While successful state-of-the art cognitive behavioral interventions exist, there is still a lack of available experts for treatment at home, where most symptoms manifest. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) could overcome these restrictions; however, studies about iCBT in children with OCD are rare and mostly target computerized self-help resources and only email contact with the therapist.

The collaborative outcomes study on health and functioning during infection times in adults (COH-FIT-Adults): Design and methods of an international online survey targeting physical and mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: . High-quality comprehensive data on short-/long-term physical/mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are needed.

Methods: .

Physical and mental health impact of COVID-19 on children, adolescents, and their families: The Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times - Children and Adolescents (COH-FIT-C&A).

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has altered daily routines and family functioning, led to closing schools, and dramatically limited social interactions worldwide. Measuring its impact on mental health of vulnerable children and adolescents is crucial.

Methods: The Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT - www.

EEG measures for clinical research in major vascular cognitive impairment: recommendations by an expert panel.

Vascular contribution to cognitive impairment (VCI) and dementia is related to etiologies that may affect the neurophysiological mechanisms regulating brain arousal and generating electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. A multidisciplinary expert panel reviewed the clinical literature and reached consensus about the EEG measures consistently found as abnormal in VCI patients with dementia. As compared to cognitively unimpaired individuals, those VCI patients showed (1) smaller amplitude of resting state alpha (8-12 Hz) rhythms dominant in posterior regions; (2) widespread increases in amplitude of delta (< 4 Hz) and theta (4-8 Hz) rhythms; and (3) delayed N200/P300 peak latencies in averaged event-related potentials, especially during the detection of auditory rare target stimuli requiring participants' responses in "oddball" paradigms.

Utilization of focal therapy for patients discontinuing active surveillance of prostate cancer: Recommendations of an international Delphi consensus.

Background: With the advancement of imaging technology, focal therapy (FT) has been gaining acceptance for the treatment of select patients with localized prostate cancer (CaP). We aim to provide details of a formal physician consensus on the utilization of FT for patients with CaP who are discontinuing active surveillance (AS).

Methods: A 3-stage Delphi consensus on CaP and FT was conducted.

Sex differences between women and men with COPD: A new analysis of the 3CIA study.

Background: There is partial evidence that COPD is expressed differently in women than in men, namely on symptoms, pulmonary function, exacerbations, comorbidities or prognosis. There is a need to improve the characterization of COPD in females.

Methods: We obtained and pooled data of 17 139 patients from 22 COPD cohorts and analysed the clinical differences by sex, establishing the relationship between these characteristics in women and the prognosis and severity of the disease.

Impact of maternal education on response to lifestyle interventions to reduce gestational weight gain: individual participant data meta-analysis.

Objectives: To identify if maternal educational attainment is a prognostic factor for gestational weight gain (GWG), and to determine the differential effects of lifestyle interventions (diet based, physical activity based or mixed approach) on GWG, stratified by educational attainment.

Design: Individual participant data meta-analysis using the previously established International Weight Management in Pregnancy (i-WIP) Collaborative Group database (https://iwipgroup.wixsite.

International Anal Neoplasia Society Guidelines for the Practice of Digital Anal Rectal Examination.

Objective: The aim of the study was to develop recommended techniques and quality assurance metrics for the practice of Digital Anal Rectal Examination (DARE).

Materials And Methods: The International Anal Neoplasia Society undertook a literature review and, using the AGREE II technique, developed guidelines for performing DARE.

Results: A consensus was formed regarding the optimum conditions and characteristics of DARE.

Glucose metabolism controls disease-specific signatures of macrophage effector functions.

Background: In inflammatory blood vessel diseases, macrophages represent a key component of the vascular infiltrates and are responsible for tissue injury and wall remodeling.

Methods: To examine whether inflammatory macrophages in the vessel wall display a single distinctive effector program, we compared functional profiles in patients with either coronary artery disease (CAD) or giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Results: Unexpectedly, monocyte-derived macrophages from the 2 patient cohorts displayed disease-specific signatures and differed fundamentally in metabolic fitness.

[Sexual and psychological well-being after female genital mutilation: a narrative systematic review].

Objective: A literature analysis on the effects of female genital mutilation (FGM) on sexual and psychological well-being.

Design: Narrative systematic review.

Method: In March 2016 we performed a search for relevant literature in the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL.

[Engaged caregivers: an empirical-ethical analysis of dignity in palliative care].

The concept of dignity is often used in palliative care, and, in particular, as a concept to illustrate what is important to those involved. However, philosophers, ethicists and laypersons cannot agree on what dignity actually is. In this paper, we analyse what caregivers told us about situations in which they thought dignity was at stake.

[Myositis: more than a muscle disease].

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), commonly referred to as "myositis", is a rare but treatable auto-immune disease that is often misdiagnosed or diagnosed after significant delay. Using three clinical case reports as introductory examples, an overview is given - and pitfalls are discussed - of the diagnosis and treatment of myositis. Disease features are often extra-muscular in nature, may vary considerably between patients, and are frequently non-specific.

[Dilemma: to test or not to test for Lyme borreliosis in general practice].

There is no such thing as a perfect diagnostic test and the value of a test depends on the situation in which the test is being used. Here, we discuss two options for dealing with the diagnostic process for Lyme borreliosis in general practice. One option is to manage, treat or refer according to clinical signs and symptoms, in accordance with Dutch practice guidelines.

[A day in the life of a medical resident on the ward].

Objective: To investigate how internal medicine residents allocate their time during a hospital dayshift on the wards.

Design: Prospective observational cohort study (time and motion study).

Methods: Data were collected from 36 internal medicine residents working at the Internal Medicine Department of the Academic Medical Centre in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

[Is there quality of life with locked-in syndrome?].

A 57-year-old man developed a locked-in state due to a brain stem stroke. He communicated through eye movements. The team suggested treatment should be discontinued, as there was no perspective of improvement.

[Posttraumatic stress disorder: current insights in diagnostics, treatment and prevention].

- Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that may develop after traumatic events.- PTSD is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the Netherlands, with an estimated lifetime prevalence of 7%.- Recurrent re-experiencing of the traumatic event is the most characteristic PTSD symptom.

['Just Culture': legal potential and limits].

In the context of patient safety, the concept of 'Just Culture' is of the utmost importance. Just Culture implies that quality systems in health care should focus on learning from incidents and errors rather than on blaming individuals; however, the basic assumptions of Just Culture cannot always be upheld in certain specific circumstances. This article focuses on the importance and the limits of Just Culture from a legal perspective.