Impact of anastomotic leak vs pneumonia on failure to rescue after transthoracic esophagectomy for cancer.

Background: Data about failure to rescue (FTR) after esophagectomy for cancer and its association with patient and procedure-related risk factors are limited. This study aimed to analyze such aspects, particularly focusing on the effect of pneumonia and anastomotic leak on FTR.

Methods: Patients who underwent an Ivor Lewis esophagectomy for cancer between 2008 and 2022 in 2 tertiary European centers were prospectively identified.

Lumbar spinal stenosis and surgical decompression affect sleep quality and position in patients. A prospective cross-sectional cohort study.

Introduction: It is reasonable to assume that lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) affects the cauda nerve roots also at night.

Research Question: Does microsurgical decompression influence sleep quality and position?

Materials And Methods: A study nurse interviewed 140 patients scheduled for LSS decompression using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Spinal Stenosis Measure (SSM), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for back and leg pain, Douleur Neuropathique (DN4), and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Epidemiologic and MRI data were collected along with self-reported rankings of preferred sleep positions (prone, supine, side, and fetal).

In Vitro Microscopical and Microbiological Assessment of the Sealing Ability of Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers.

This in vitro study evaluated the sealing ability and microleakage of calcium silicate-based sealers compared to an epoxy resin-based sealer. One hundred twenty-five roots from anterior teeth were chemo-mechanically prepared and divided into four groups: AH Plus (AH), ProRoot MTA (PR), Medcem MTA (MC), and Total Fill BC Sealer/BC-coated gutta-percha (TF); = 30. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to measure sealer penetration at three horizontal levels in 10 roots per group, while glucose leakage over 30 days was assessed in 20 roots.

Predictors of study dropout in cognitive-behavioural therapy with a trauma focus for post-traumatic stress disorder in adults: An individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: Available empirical evidence on participant-level factors associated with dropout from psychotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is both limited and inconclusive. More comprehensive understanding of the various factors that contribute to study dropout from cognitive-behavioural therapy with a trauma focus (CBT-TF) is crucial for enhancing treatment outcomes.

Objective: Using an individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) design, we examined participant-level predictors of study dropout from CBT-TF interventions for PTSD.

Subcutaneous versus Transvenous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Requiring Dialysis: Extended Long-Term Retrospective Multicenter Follow-Up.

Background: Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) prevent sudden cardiac death (SCD). Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis are at a very high risk of infection from cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation as well as mortality. In the present study, we compared the long-term complications and outcomes between subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) and transvenous ICD (TV-ICD) recipients.

AKT and PERP Show Higher Expression in Precancerous than in Malignant Skin Neoplasms: Profiling in an Animal Model of Sequential Skin Carcinogenesis.

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the activation of the PERP and Akt oncogenes in the induction of skin cancer in FVB/N mice by a stepwise chemical process. Forty four-week-old female FVB/N mice were randomly divided into a control group (n = 8) and two experimental groups (group A: n = 16, group B: n = 16). In the study, the groups were subjected to a two-stage carcinogenesis procedure.

FGFR2 and NOTCH1 Expression Inversely Correlated in Progressive Cutaneous Carcinogenesis in an Experimental Mouse Model.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common and increasingly prevalent form of skin cancer, posing significant health challenges. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in cSCC progression is crucial for developing effective treatments. The primary aim of this research was to evaluate the activation of NOTCH1 and FGFR2 oncogenes in inducing skin cancer in FVB/N mice through a stepwise chemical process.

Identifying differential predictors for treatment response to amisulpride and olanzapine combination treatment versus each monotherapy in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia: Results of the COMBINE-study.

Background: Extensive research has been undertaken to predict treatment response (TR) to antipsychotics. Most studies address TR to antipsychotics in general and as monotherapy, however, it is unknown whether patients might respond favourably to a combination of antipsychotics.

Aims: This study aimed to identify differential predictors for TR to monotherapy with amisulpride or olanzapine compared to a combination of antipsychotics.

Fibula Grafting for Oromandibular Reconstruction and its Effect on Patient Quality of Life - A Scoping Review.

Fibula osteoseptocutaneous flap has been widely used for oncologic bony reconstruction of both the mandible and maxilla. Early and late morbidities of the donor side such as leg weakness, ankle instability, limited ankle mobility, tibial stress fractures or incision area pain are well documented; however, there is a lack of information about the effects of fibula grafting on patient quality of life. To address this issue, a scoping literature search in the PubMed electronic database was performed to identify all relevant studies and reviews in the period between 2010 and 2022.

Early safety and efficiency outcomes of a novel interdisciplinary laparoscopic resection rectopexy combined with sacrocolpopexy for women with obstructive defecation syndrome and pelvic organ prolapse: a single center study.

Background: Obstructive defecation syndrome (ODS) defines a disturbed defecation process frequently associated with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in women that substantially compromises quality of life. Conservative management offers limited relief and a surgical intervention may be required. This is characterized by individual approaches.

Extracranial Hypoglossal Schwannoma: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Schwannomas are solitary neurogenic tumors originating from the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves. Extracranial hypoglossal schwannomas comprise <5% of all head and neck schwannomas and can mimic submandibular salivary gland tumors.

Case Report: We report the diagnostic imaging, surgical treatment, and histopathological findings of a rare case of extracranial schwannoma of the hypoglossal nerve in a 73-year-old female, presented with an asymptomatic swelling in the left submandibular region that had been persisted for approximately three years.

Influence of analytical procedures on miRNA expression analyses in saliva samples.

Aim of this study was to demonstrate the influence of different analytical procedures and techniques on the resulting miRNA expression profile in healthy control subjects and tumor patients using the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) model and to demonstrate the technical and biological reproducibility. Body fluids such as saliva are suitable for non-invasive miRNA analysis because ubiquitously circulating miRNA can be found in them. It was technically possible to distinguish between healthy and diseased samples based on the miRNA expression profile found.

EGFR and HER-2 oncogenes expression in an experimental model of two-stage chemically induced carcinogenesis in mouse skin.

The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of EGFR and HER-2 oncogenes using an experimental two stage chemically induced carcinogenesis protocol on the dorsal skin in FVB/N mice. Forty female FVB/N mice 4 weeks old, were grouped into one control (n = 8) and two experimental groups (Group A: n = 16, Group B: n = 16) following a randomization process. Two-stage carcinogenesis protocol, was implicated, including an initial treatment with 97.

Evaluation of Five-year Overall Survival Rates Among 18,331 Head and Neck Cancer Patients Exposed to Different Targeted Therapies Through Real-world Data in a Case-controlled Study.

Background/aim: Targeted therapy is an important and fast developing aspect of modern tumor therapy including therapy of head and neck cancer (HNC). Surgically treated patients often experience significant limitations to their ability to swallow, speak, or mimic expressions. In cases of recurrent tumors or palliative situations, targeted therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are frequently employed.

Severe Hyperglycemia Due to Protein Kinase Inhibitor Therapy in a Patient With Poorly Controlled Diabetes Mellitus.

The efficacy and safety of zanubrutinib, a highly selective next-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and lymphoplasmocytoides immunocytoma seems favorable. Adverse events comprise neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, infection, anemia, and atrial fibrillation. This report describes a 75-year-old man suffering from polydipsia, polyuria, and blurred vision for 10 days.

Sex-specific Real-World 5-year Overall Survival Rates for (Radio)chemotherapy, Targeted Therapy, and Combinations in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer.

Background/aim: Sex-specific medicine, an emerging field in healthcare, has gained significant recognition and importance in recent years. To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no valid data on the influence of sex on 5-year overall survival of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing (radio)chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and combination treatments, using Real-World Data. We hypothesize that sex has a significant impact on 5-year overall survival across different therapy regimens for head and neck cancer.

Ibuprofen Reduces 5-Year Overall Survival of Head and Neck Cancer Patients With Immunotherapy - A Retrospective Case-controlled Real-World Data Analysis of 10,000 Patients.

Background/aim: Resistance to immunotherapy can be explained by an abnormal microbiome of the gut. In Europe in particular, the use of ibuprofen, with or without proton-pump inhibitors to protect the gastric mucosa, is widespread. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ibuprofen use on the effectiveness of immunotherapy in patients with head and neck carcinoma.

The effects of a psychiatric clerkship on stigmatizing attitudes toward mental disorders as held by German medical students.

Background: According to the United Nations, access to medical care is a fundamental human right. However, there is widespread stigmatization of severe mental illnesses and this appears to seriously hamper the quality of healthcare in people with psychiatric co-morbidity. Thus, interventions that help reduce stigma among healthcare providers are urgently needed.

Development and implementation of quality indicators in a group of nine psychiatric hospitals.

Quality indicators (QI) are becoming increasingly important in mental healthcare in Germany. QI can be used for various purposes, such as for creating transparency as well as for benchmarking between hospitals. QI themselves are subject to high quality standards.

Effects of Early Clozapine Treatment on Remission Rates in Acute Schizophrenia (The EARLY Trial): Protocol of a Randomized-Controlled Multicentric Trial.

Background: Quick symptomatic remission after the onset of psychotic symptoms is critical in schizophrenia treatment, determining the subsequent disease course and recovery. In this context, only every second patient with acute schizophrenia achieves symptomatic remission within three months of initiating antipsychotic treatment. The potential indication extension of clozapine-the most effective antipsychotic-to be introduced at an earlier stage (before treatment-resistance) is supported by several lines of evidence, but respective clinical trials are lacking.

Radiomics for the non-invasive prediction of PD-L1 expression in patients with brain metastases secondary to non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The expression level of the programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) appears to be a predictor for response to immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As differences in terms of PD-L1 expression levels in the extracranial primary tumor and the brain metastases may occur, a reliable method for the non-invasive assessment of the intracranial PD-L1 expression is, therefore of clinical value. Here, we evaluated the potential of radiomics for a non-invasive prediction of PD-L1 expression in patients with brain metastases secondary to NSCLC.

BRAF inhibitors in BRAF V600E-mutated ameloblastoma: systematic review of rare cases in the literature.

Background: Ameloblastoma in 66% of the cases harbor a somatic mutation of the "mitogen-activated protein kinase" signaling pathway (BRAF V600E). In V600E mutations, BRAF is in the permanent "on" state and relays the growth-promoting signals independently of the EGFR pathway. Therefore, mutant BRAF represents a target for handful of new drugs.