Evaluation of Pregnancy Risks in Women with Subchorionic Hematoma Using Machine Learning Models.

BACKGROUND Subchorionic hematoma (SCH) can lead to blood accumulation and potentially affect pregnancy outcomes. Despite being a relatively common finding in early pregnancy, the effects of SCH on pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and preterm birth remain debated. This study aims to address these gaps by systematically evaluating the influence of SCH-related clinical factors on pregnancy outcomes using robust analytical techniques.

Effectiveness and acceptability of a 24-h interval versus a 48-h interval between mifepristone intake and misoprostol administration for in-hospital abortion at 9-20 gestational weeks: an international, open-label, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Optimising management of second-trimester medical abortion is important, as complications increase with gestational age. We aimed to compare a 24-h interval with a 48-h interval between mifepristone intake and misoprostol administration in in-hospital, second-trimester medical abortion for effectiveness and acceptability.

Methods: This open-label, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial was conducted at nine hospitals in India, Sweden, Thailand, and Viet Nam among adults undergoing medical abortion for a singleton viable pregnancy at a gestation of between 9 weeks and 20 weeks.

ToRCH Pathogens-Induced Histopathological Changes in Placental Tissues and Associated Post Obstetric Complications.

Background: Maternal infections caused by the ToRCH complex, comprising Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii), Rubella Virus (RV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), are significant contributors to Bad Obstetric History (BOH). These infections can vertically transmit through the placental barrier, leading to complications in fetal development.

Vacuum Induced Management of Hemorrhage Using Intrauterine Foley Catheter: A Report of Two Cases.

Hemorrhage is a common postpartum complication and, though rare, is also a recognized risk associated with abortion. While most cases can be managed with uterine evacuation and uterotonic agents, some cases require additional surgical procedures. We present two cases, one of hemorrhage following dilation and evacuation, and the other of delayed postpartum hemorrhage, where a Foley catheter was used for vacuum-induced hemorrhage control.

Effects on maternal and pregnancy outcomes of first-trimester malaria infection among nulliparous women from Kenya, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Background: Few studies have assessed the impact of first-trimester malaria infection during pregnancy. We estimated this impact on adverse maternal and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: In a convenience sample of women from the ASPIRIN (Aspirin Supplementation for Pregnancy Indicated risk Reduction In Nulliparas) trial in Kenya, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, we tested for first-trimester Plasmodium falciparum infection using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Maternal mortality estimation methodologies: a scoping review and evaluation of suitability for use in humanitarian settings.

Background: Around the world, a maternal death occurs approximately every two minutes-most of these deaths are preventable. The maternal mortality ratio is a key indicator for the Sustainable Development Goals, yet we have no reliable way to estimate maternal deaths in refugee or internally displaced persons (IDP) camps and settlements. The goal of this study was to understand the methodologies most suited for adaptation for use to estimate the proportion of maternal mortality due to abortion complications in these settings.

Investigating predictive factors in treatment response with metformin in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional analytical-descriptive study.

Objective: As the utilization of metformin for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treatment continues to rise, a substantial segment of these patients will ultimately necessitate insulin during their therapeutic journey. Hence, assessing patients' clinical and laboratory attributes becomes invaluable in determining their likelihood of responding favorably to metformin medication. This discernment aids in selecting an optimal management approach, wherein the patients most likely to benefit significantly from metformin are identified, while alternative therapies like insulin are considered for individuals with a lower probability of treatment response.

Parvovirus B19 infection in children: a comprehensive review of clinical manifestations and management.

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a significant pathogen responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations, particularly in children and pregnant women. While B19V is most commonly recognized as the cause of Fifth disease, a mild erythematous illness in children, its clinical impact extends far beyond this condition. B19V can lead to severe complications, including transient aplastic crisis in individuals with chronic hemolytic anemias, arthralgia, and more severe joint diseases.

[Termination of pregnancy. Methods, results, and complications].

Introduction: Medical treatment for termination of pregnancy in the first trimester of pregnancy was first introduced in 2006 at Landspitali. This new method, which replaced surgery, slowly gained ground and now most abortions in Iceland are medically induced. It is therefore appropriate to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this method.

Pregnancy and Infant Outcomes in Women With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Ocrelizumab.

Background And Objectives: Ocrelizumab labeling advises contraception for women during treatment and for 6-12 months thereafter. Because pregnancies may occur during this time, it is critical to understand pregnancy and infant outcomes in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) after ocrelizumab exposure.

Methods: Pregnancy cases reported to Roche global pharmacovigilance until 12 July 2023 were analyzed.

Successful myomectomy during pregnancy for the indication of acute lower abdominal pain with red degenerative myoma or ovarian torsion? "Case report".

Uterine fibroids are benign tumors, arising from uterine smooth muscle cells. They are one of the most common benign tumors of the female genital tract among childbearing women, occurring in 20%-50% of women of reproductive age. The association of uterine myomas with pregnancy is high.

Atopic dermatitis and the outcomes of pregnancy and offspring: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan.

Background And Objectives: Studies have identified increased risks of pregnancy complications in expectant mothers with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the associations between maternal AD and adverse pregnancy or offspring outcomes in Asians remain unexplored. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between maternal AD and adverse pregnancy and offspring outcomes in Taiwan.

Intraoperative Cardiac Arrest in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Case Series of 42 Patients.

Introduction: Intraoperative cardiac arrest (IOCA) is a rare event during orthopaedic surgery. Although infrequent, it has a notable effect, with mortality as high as 35%. Little is known about the outcomes of IOCA in orthopaedic surgery, and this study aims to fill that knowledge gap to improve patient counseling and treatment decisions.

Women With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Have Favorable Pregnancy Outcomes but Prolonged Time to Conceive.

Objective: To study pregnancy outcomes and complications in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Methods: A retrospective multicenter study was conducted at tertiary reference centers in 5 countries (Austria, Germany, Italy, Sweden, USA), including 72 adult women with CAH (nonclassic [NC] n = 34, simple virilizing [SV] n = 21, salt wasting [SW] n = 17).

Results: A total of 133 pregnancies, 112 live births, and 25 abortions were documented.

A Review of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Their Complex Interplay with Female Fertility.

Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves' disease are autoimmune thyroid disorders that are common in women of reproductive age and have a complex relationship with female fertility and health of the maternal-fetal dyad. Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, whether subclinical or overt in severity, directly or indirectly affect nearly every level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary axis, uterine and ovarian function, as well as fetal development from implantation through delivery. Autoimmunity itself also appears to negatively impact both spontaneous and assisted fertility, as well as miscarriage risk, although the mechanism remains unclear, and the presence and magnitude of risk is variable in published literature.

Rhazes' insights on abortion and abortogenic drugs in relation to modern concepts.

Abortion remains one of the most prevalent complications of pregnancy, contributing significantly to maternal mortality and presenting a substantial public health challenge. This study aimed to explore Rhazes' perspective on abortion and abortifacient medicinal plants he mentioned in Kitāb al-Ḥāwī fī al-Ṭibb. A detailed analysis of his seminal work, Kitāb al-Ḥāwī fī al-Ṭibb, was conducted.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Northern Ethiopia.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most common health problems worldwide and is associated with high mortality and heavy economic burdens. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at Adigrat General Hospital in Northern Ethiopia.

Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2024 among 385 pregnant women.

Targeted syndromic next-generation sequencing panel for simultaneous detection of pathogens associated with bovine reproductive failure.

Bovine reproductive failure, which includes infertility, abortion, and stillbirth in cattle, leads to significant economic losses for beef and milk producers. Diagnosing the infectious causes of bovine reproductive failure is challenging as there are multiple pathogens associated with it. The traditional stepwise approach to diagnostic testing is time-consuming and can cause significant delays.

Comparison of open and laparoscopic appendectomy according to the trimester of pregnancy: A nationwide observational study.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of open appendectomy (OA) and laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) for acute appendicitis during pregnancy by trimester.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database in Japan. We identified pregnant women diagnosed with appendicitis who underwent OA or LA from 2010 to 2022.

Clinical and Serological Findings of Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Mashhad, Iran, from 2008 to 2018: A Retrospective, Descriptive, Cross-sectional Study.

Objective: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is among the autoimmune disorders caused by antiphospholipid antibodies, which provoke blood clots (thrombosis) in arteries and veins. It can also cause such complications as severe preeclampsia, miscarriage, premature birth, and stillbirth in pregnant women. We investigated the clinical and serological characteristics of antiphospholipid syndrome patients.

Precipitate, preterm labor in acute organophosphate poisoning in pregnancy: a case report.

Introduction: Acute organophosphorus poisoning (AOPP) during pregnancy is uncommon. When complicated by preterm labor, it presents therapeutic dilemmas due to the lack of established guidelines.

Case Presentation: The authors describe a case of a 19-year-old primigravida at 33 weeks of gestation with AOPP.

Haematometra arising from multiple abortions: a comprehensive case report.

Haematometra, a rare and delayed complication, can emerge following medical termination of pregnancy, also known as 'postabortal post-caesarean syndrome' or 'redo syndrome'. Treatment requires the immediate evacuation of both liquid and clotted blood for quick resolution, followed by administration of an oxytocic agent to ensure complete recovery. This current report describes a female patient in her mid-30s who presented with colicky lower abdominal pain following a medically-induced abortion at 10 weeks.