Thiol Carbazole Self-Assembled Monolayers as Tunable Carrier Injecting Interlayers for Organic Transistors and Complementary Circuits.

The significant contact resistance at the metal-semiconductor interface is a well-documented issue for organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) that hinders device and circuit performance. Here, this issue is tackled by developing three new thiol carbazole-based self-assembled monolayer (SAM) molecules, namely tBu-2SCz, 2SCz, and Br-2SCz, and utilizing them as carrier-selective injection interlayers. The SAMs alter the work function of gold electrodes by more than 1 eV, making them suitable for use in hole and electron-transporting OTFTs.

Genome sequences of four novel strains associated with a tropical octocoral in a long-term aquarium facility.

We report the genome sequences of four sp. strains isolated from the octocoral maintained long term at an aquarium facility. Our analysis reveals the coding potential for versatile polysaccharide metabolism; Type II, III, IV, and VI secretion systems; and the biosynthesis of novel ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides.

Potential pathways for CO utilization in sustainable aviation fuel synthesis.

The development of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) is a must for the decarbonization of the aviation industry. This paper explores various pathways for SAF production, focusing on innovative catalytic processes for the utilization of CO as a potential feedstock. Key pathways analyzed include the Modified Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (MFTS), methanol synthesis, and subsequent transformations of methanol into hydrocarbons (MTH), aromatics (MTA) and olefin oligomerization.

A versatile approach for geometry-based self-assembly of DNA-protein hybrid nanostructures using histone-DNA interactions.

We report an enhanced versatility in constructing DNA-protein hybrid nanostructures using histone-DNA complexes (HDs). By leveraging HDs, we demonstrate precise and scalable assembly of DNA origami tiles and a 2D triangular nanostructure. Our results extend the potential applications of DNA nanotechnology from the nanoscale to the microscale without the need for complex pre-designs.

Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Mixed Wettability on Pore-Scale Fluid Displacement: A Microfluidic Study.

Understanding rock wettability is crucial across various fields including hydrology, subsurface fluid storage and extraction, and environmental sciences. In natural subsurface formations like carbonate and shale, mixed wettability is frequently observed, characterized by heterogeneous regions at the pore scale that exhibit both hydrophilic (water-wet) and hydrophobic (oil-wet) characteristics. Despite its common occurrence, the impact of mixed wettability on immiscible fluid displacement at the pore scale remains poorly understood, creating a gap in effective modeling and prediction of fluid behavior in porous media.

Solar-Driven Hydrogen Peroxide Production via BiVO-Based Photocatalysts.

Solar hydrogen peroxide (HO) production has garnered increased research interest owing to its safety, cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and sustainability. The synthesis of HO relies mainly on renewable resources such as water, oxygen, and solar energy, resulting in minimal waste. Bismuth vanadate (BiVO) stands out among various oxide semiconductors for selective HO production under visible light via direct two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and two-electron water oxidation reaction (WOR) pathways.

Ba/Ti MOF: A Versatile Heterogeneous Photoredox Catalyst for Visible-Light Metallaphotocatalysis.

The field of sustainable heterogeneous catalysis is evolving rapidly, with a strong emphasis on developing catalysts that enhance efficiency. Among various heterogeneous photocatalysts, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained significant attention for their exceptional performance in photocatalytic reactions. In this context, contrary to the conventional homogeneous iridium or ruthenium-based photocatalysts, which face significant challenges in terms of availability, cost, scalability, and recyclability, a new Ba/Ti MOF (ACM-4) is developed as a heterogeneous catalyst that can mimic/outperform the conventional photocatalysts, offering a more sustainable solution for efficient chemical processes.

Nuclear lipids in chromatin regulation: Biological roles, experimental approaches and existing challenges.

Lipids are crucial for various cellular functions. Besides the storage of energy equivalents, these include forming membrane bilayers and serving as signaling molecules. While significant progress has been made in the comprehension of the molecular and cellular biology of lipids, their functions in the cell nucleus remain poorly understood.

A second species in the polychaete-associated crab genus Gustavus Ahyong & Ng, 2009 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Aphanodactylidae).

A second species of the previously monotypic aphanodactylid crab genus Gustavus Ahyong & Ng, 2009 is described from the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. The new species, Gustavus holthuisae sp. nov.

A new distributional record of Hippocampus kuda Bleeker, 1852 (Teleostei, Syngnathidae) from Saudi Arabia in the South-Central Red Sea.

The common seahorse, Hippocampus kuda, is widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific region, occurring from East Africa to Hawaii, where it typically inhabits diverse ecosystems such as estuaries, lagoons, coastal zones, and seagrass beds. Despite its extensive geographic range, reports of its occurrence in the Red Sea remains limited, primarily restricted to the northern region of the Red Sea. Here, we report a new distributional record of H.

Two new species and a new record of infaunal crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae and Varunidae) from Oman and Saudi Arabia.

Recent surveys of shallow subtidal soft-bottom habitats of Oman and the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia have uncovered several crabs new to science. Stemming from these efforts, two crab species are herein described as new to science. The first is a new pinnotherid crab, Indopinnixa arabica n.

Janus-structured MXene-PA/MS with an ultrathin intermediate layer for high-salinity water desalination and wastewater purification.

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation presents significant potential for seawater desalination and wastewater purification. However, prolonged operation in marine environments often results in salt accumulation, which adversely impacts the performance and lifetime of system. Despite the progress in material design, achieving efficient evaporation while mitigating salt crystallization remains challenging in high-salinity water.

Charge Transfer and Retention in 2D Passivated Perovskite-C Systems.

2D perovskites and organic ligands are often implemented as passivating interlayers in perovskite solar cells. Herein, five such passivates are evaluated by using time-resolved spectroscopy to study the carrier dynamics at the perovskite-C interface. The impact of passivation on factors such as charge transfer rate, charge retention in the acceptor layers, surface recombination, and uniformity are mapped onto the solar cell performance.

Electrical Tunability of Quantum-Dot-in-Perovskite Solids.

The quantum-dot-in-perovskite matrix (DIM) is an emerging class of semiconductors for optoelectronics enabled by their complementary charge transport properties and stability improvements. However, a detailed understanding of the pure electrical properties in DIM is still in its early stage. Here, we developed PbS quantum dot-in-CsSnI matrix solids exhibiting improved electrical properties and enhanced stability.

A rapid CAT transformation protocol and nuclear transgene expression tools for metabolic engineering in Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D.

The eukaryotic red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D is an emerging algal host for synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. Its small nuclear genome (16.5 Mb; 4775 genes), low intron content (39), stable transgene expression, and capacity for homologous recombination into its nuclear genome make it ideal for genetic and metabolic engineering endeavors.

Vortex solitons in topological disclination lattices.

The existence of thresholdless vortex solitons trapped at the core of disclination lattices that realize higher-order topological insulators is reported. The study demonstrates the interplay between nonlinearity and higher-order topology in these systems, as the vortex state in the disclination lattice bifurcates from its linear topological counterpart, while the position of its propagation constant within the bandgap and localization can be controlled by its power. It is shown that vortex solitons are characterized by strong field confinement at the disclination core due to their topological nature, leading to enhanced stability.

Revolutionizing X-ray Imaging: A Leap toward Ultra-Low-Dose Detection with a Cascade-Engineered Approach.

X-ray detection technology is essential in various fields, including medical imaging and security checks. However, exposure to large doses of X-rays poses considerable health risks. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce the radiation dosage without compromising detection efficiency.

Simultaneous thermal camouflage and radiative cooling for ultrahigh-temperature objects using inversely designed hierarchical metamaterial.

Sophisticated infrared detection technology, operating through atmospheric transmission windows (usually between 3 and 5 μm and 8-13 μm), can detect an object by capturing its emitted thermal radiation, posing a threat to the survival of targeted objects. As per Wien's displacement law, the shift of peak wavelength towards shorter wavelengths as blackbody temperature rises, underscores the significance of the 3-5 μm range for ultra-high temperature objects (e.g.