Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Bauhinia variegata Linn. Roots: Isolation, Characterization, and Cytotoxic Evaluation.

Introduction: This study aims to isolate and characterize potential cytotoxic compounds from the roots of Bauhinia variegata Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae) and evaluate their activity against human cancer cell lines. Five compounds, namely β-sitosterol (1), piperine (2), piperolein B (3), retrofractamide A (4), and dehydropipernonaline (5), were isolated from B.

A Novel Homozygous Loss-of-Function Variant in GPR156 Delineates Non-syndromic Hearing Loss.

Non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder accounting for almost 70% of the total congenital hearing loss. The implementation of rapid advanced sequencing methods has significantly contributed to the correct molecular diagnosis for several rare genetic disorders, including NHSL. Features of two probands with NHSL were clinically and genetically evaluated.

Viscosol Treatment Ameliorates Insulin-Mediated Regulation of Dyslipidemia, Hepatic Steatosis, and Lipid Metabolism by Targeting PTP1B in Type-2 Diabetic Mice Model.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a metabolic disorder, has the hallmarks of persistent hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) was found to be overexpressed in many tissues in the case of T2DM and involved in the negative regulation of insulin signaling. So, PTP1B inhibition can act as a therapeutic target for T2DM.

Exploration of novel triazolo-thiadiazine hybrids of deferasirox as multi-target-directed anti-neuroinflammatory agents with structure-activity relationship (SAR): a new treatment opportunity for Alzheimer's disease.

It is believed that inflammation influences several physiological processes, including the function of the central nervous system. Moreover, the impairment of lipid mechanisms/pathways is associated with neurodegenerative disorders and onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a chronic neurodegenerative disease representing the major cause of dementia worldwide.

DFT study of alkaline earth metals NaXH (X = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr) for hydrogen storage capacity.

The potential application of materials referred to as perovskite hydrides in hydrogen storage - a crucial element of renewable energy systems - has sparked a great deal of interest. We use density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the structural, formation energy, hydrogen storage, electronics, thermoelectric and elastic properties of NaXH (X = Be, Mg, Ca, and Sr) hydrides. The band gap is calculated using WC-GGA and WC-GGA+mBJ potentials.

Towards secure and trusted AI in healthcare: A systematic review of emerging innovations and ethical challenges.

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence is in the phase of health care, with transformative innovations in diagnostics, personalized treatment, and operational efficiency. While having potential, critical challenges are apparent in areas of safety, trust, security, and ethical governance. The development of these challenges is important for promoting the responsible adoption of AI technologies into healthcare systems.

Optimization of nonlinear properties of COLi-doped alkalides group I/III doping for unprecedented charge transfer and advancements in optoelectronics.

The design and synthesis of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are rapidly growing fields in optoelectronics. Considering the high demand for newly designed materials with superior optoelectronic characteristics, we investigated the doping process of Group-IIIA elements (namely, B, Al and Ga) onto alkali metal (AM = Li, Na and K)-supported COLi (AM@COLi) complexes to enhance their NLO response. The AM-COLi complexes retained their structural features following interaction with the Group-IIIA elements.

Organotin(IV) derivatives of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid: synthesis, spectral characterization, X-ray structures, anticancer, enzyme inhibition, antileishmanial, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.

Four organotin(IV) carboxylate complexes; (CH)SnL (), CHSnL (), (CH)SnL () and (CH)SnL () are synthesized by the condensation reaction of organotin(IV) chlorides with sodium-4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetate (). The FT-IR spectra suggested bridging/chelating bidentate coordination of the ligand to the tin atom. Single-crystal XRD analysis authenticated the FT-IR findings for and .

The Role of Robotics in Cardiac Surgery: Innovations, Outcomes, and Future Prospects.

In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the use of robotic technology in medical surgery, especially in heart surgery. Many advancements in surgery have been made possible by the development of these robotic devices, such as the da Vinci surgical system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, California, United States). These advancements include improved ergonomics, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, and increased dexterity.

Comprehensive analysis and risk assessment of fine road dust in Abbottabad city (Pakistan) with heavy traffic for potentially toxic elements.

Human activities have far-reaching impact on natural ecosystems, causing increasing disturbances and disruptions to the delicate balance of the environment. Poor land use planning, urbanization, infrastructure development, and unplanned tourism exacerbate contamination and degradation in tourist destinations, yet the pollution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in these environments remains inadequately explored. To address this issue, we investigated the concentrations of acid-digested PTEs in road dust in Abbottabad city (Pakistan) with heavy traffic.

Climate change projections for Diamer Division in lesser Himalayas using multi-global climate model ensemble.

Pakistan, like many other regions around the world, is experiencing the impacts of climate change, particularly in its northern region. These changes have adverse impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity. Herein, we have investigated future projections of temperature and precipitation trends for three periods historical (HT = 1975-2005), near-term (NT = 2010-2029), and mid-term (MT = 2030-2050) using climate model intercomparison projects along with global climate models (GCMs) including RCP4.

Synthesis, spectroscopic, computational, molecular docking, antidiabetic(in vitro & in vivo) DNA and BSA interaction studies of ruthenium(II) carboxylate complexes.

The ruthenium compounds have been known to have the wide range of potential applications as anticancer, antibacterial and anti-diabetic etc. The ligand substitutions play a vital role in enhancing the pharmacological and biological activities. In the present study, three ruthenium-metal based complexes, designated as (I-III), were synthesized and characterized employing element analysis, FTIR and HNMR.

Modulation of oxidative stress/NMDA/nitric oxide pathway by topiramate attenuates morphine dependence in mice.

Morphine belongs to the class of opioids and is known for its potential to cause dependence and addiction, particularly with prolonged use. Due to the associated risks, caution must be taken when prescribing and limiting its clinical use. Overexpression of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, nitric oxide and cGMP pathway has been implicated in exacerbate the development of morphine dependence and withdrawal.

Problematic smartphone use in a representative sample of US adults: Prevalence and predictors.

The exponential growth in worldwide smartphone adoption has led to mounting concerns about problematic smartphone use (PSU), with some studies of variably defined PSU yielding prevalence rates as high as 20 to 30%. The present study aims to (a) estimate the prevalence of PSU while emphasizing functional impairment, and (b) examine the degree to which a set of demographic, contextual, behavioral and mental health variables can predict PSU. A representative U.

Clinical and genetic characterization of a progressive RBL2-associated neurodevelopmental disorder.

Retinoblastoma (RB) proteins are highly conserved transcriptional regulators that play important roles during development by regulating cell-cycle gene expression. RBL2 dysfunction has been linked to a severe neurodevelopmental disorder. However, to date, clinical features have only been described in six individuals carrying five biallelic predicted loss of function (pLOF) variants.

Layer-dependent Schottky contact at TaX-BY (X = S, Se, Te; Y = P, As, Sb) van der Waals interfaces.

The mechanical, thermal and dynamical stabilities, electronic structure, contact type, and height of the barrier at the interface of TaX (X = S, Se, Te) and BY (Y = P, As, Sb) metal-semiconductor (MS) contact are investigated first principles calculations. Binding energies, mechanical properties, phonon spectra and molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations confirm the stabilities of these systems. TaX-BY (X = S, Se, Te; Y = P, As, Sb) MS van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) are found to be metal with a Schottky contact at the interface.

In silico designing and characterization of outer membrane protein (OmpC) gene from Salmonella enterica and its expression in Nicotiana tabacum for developing a plant-based vaccine against salmonellosis.

Salmonella, a gram-negative bacteria, is the leading cause of foodborne illness globally. Two serovars of Salmonella, S. enteritidis and S.

Effect of anaerobic digested sludge biochar on soil quality improvement: An insight into mechanisms, microbial composition, and toxicity risk assessment.

Biochar is widely acknowledged for its remarkable impact on soil conditioning. However, the influence of different sources of biochar, particularly anaerobic digested sludge biochar (ADBC) derived from anaerobic digested sludge and biochar derived from waste activated sludge, on alkaline soil remains largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, a comprehensive field experiment was conducted over a period of 180 days to investigate the effects of ADBC on slightly alkaline soil.

Pharmacognostic Characterization of Primula macrophylla by Light Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Analytical Techniques.

Traditional medicinal systems have extensively used Primula macrophylla (Primulaceae) to treat a variety conditions, including bronchitis, asthma, joint pain, fever and so forth. This study determines various pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards helpful to ensure the purity, safety, and efficacy of medicinal plant P. macrophylla.

A novel approach towards multiattribute decision making using q-rung orthopair fuzzy Dombi-Archimedean aggregation operators.

When dealing with real-life problems, the q-rung orthopair fuzzy set is a core concept because the power of the membership and non-membership degrees is less than or equal to one. The process of selecting and evaluating alternatives based on several criteria or characteristics is known as multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems. The overview of the attribute values is a significant problem in MADM.

Fekete-Szegö type functionals associated with certain subclasses of bi-univalent functions.

In this article, we define and discuss some new subclasses of bi-univalent functions associated with Fibonacci numbers and shell-like curves. We estimate the first two Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients for functions belonging to these classes. We study the inequalities related with Fekete-Szegö type.

Emerging paradigm: Molecularly targeted therapy with Dabrafenib and Trametinib in recurring pediatric gliomas with BRAF mutations: A narrative review.

Gliomas are tumors arising in the central nervous system, frequently associated with Class I mutations and BRAF fusions. These mutations are adverse prognostic factors in juvenile gliomas, leading to high rates of recurrence and poor response to current treatments. The blood-brain barrier and the heterogeneity of gliomas complicate the development of a single treatment strategy for all cases.

and assessment of thiazole-thiazolidinone derivatives as selective inhibitors of urease and α-glucosidase.

Aims: Current research work aims to synthesize hybrid compounds with a thiazole-thiazolidinone structure, as potent inhibitors of urease and α-glucosidase enzymes.

Materials And Methods: These compounds were characterize throughHNMR,CNMR and HREI-MS techniques. These compounds were also evaluated for their potential to inhibit urease and α-glucosidase enzymes for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and diabetes treatments.

Synthesis, DFT, ADMET and molecular docking studies of thiazole derived thiazolidinone-based chalcone derivatives: alzheimer's disease current therapies.

Aim: Nitrogen and sulfur-containing compounds are the core components utilized for synthesis of different heterocyclic moieties.

Methods & Results: In this research, a series of new analogues containing thiazolidinone have been synthesized in order to evaluate their activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Potent analogues were further subjected for molecular docking in order to study their protein-ligand interactions.