Comparative Effects of Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin Loading Doses on Immediate Post-percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Flow in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Patients.

Background: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is crucial in managing acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), emphasizing the importance of optimal myocardial reperfusion.

Objective: The goal of this research was to determine how loading doses of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin affected the flow rate of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) immediately post-perfusion thrombolysis in patients undergoing primary PCI.

Methodology: This prospective, comparative study was carried out over a one-year period (January 2023 to December 2023) in Pakistan.

PERINATAL OUTCOME IN WOMEN PRESENTING WITH REDUCED FOETAL MOVEMENT AT TERM.

Background: foetal movements are one straightforward indicator of foetal health. The evidence, however, is still insufficient to warrant the inclusion of reduced foetal movements in national recommendations as part of a more comprehensive evaluation. The study objective was to determine perinatal outcome in women presenting with reduced foetal movement at term gestation.

EFFECTIVENESS OF MANUAL THERAPY, PHYSICAL THERAPY IN CONJUNCTION WITH PATIENT EDUCATION FOR TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY.

Background: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders represent a significant health concern affecting a substantial portion of the population worldwide. The management of TMJ disorders often involves a multifaceted approach including physiotherapy techniques, manual exercise interventions, patient education, and medication therapy. The purpose of this research is to examine the "Effectiveness of manual therapy, and physical therapy in conjunction with patient education for temporomandibular disorders".

Prescription writing pattern among the dental practitioners of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.

Objective: To identify the frequency and types of prescription errors, assess adherence to WHO prescribing indicators, and highlight the gaps in current prescribing practices of Junior dental practitioners in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to March 2021. The study included the prescriptions by house surgeons and junior postgraduate medical trainees for walk-in patients visiting the dental outpatient department.

Assessment of evidence based care and uniformity of practices through implementation of standardized medical protocols and guidelines in pediatric emergency departments.

Objective: This study aims to assess compliance with medical protocols and outcomes, as well as determine the consistency in clinical practice across different Pediatric Emergency Departments (PED) in public sector hospitals of a low-middle income country.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients presenting to PEDs of five public sector hospitals, namely Civil Hospital Karachi (PED 1), National Institute of Child Health (PED 2), Abbasi Shaheed Hospital (PED 3), Sheikh Zayed Hospital Larkana (PED 4), and Ghulam Muhammad Mahar College Hospital Sukkur (PED 5). The analysis covered a three-month period from February 1, 2023, to April 30, 2023.

Weaving Stories into Education: An Urgent Need to Integrate Narrative Medicine into Pakistan's Medical Curriculum.

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Factors Contributing to Rapid Early Infarct Expansion in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion.

Background Acute ischemic stroke, particularly in cases involving large vessel occlusion (LVO), poses a significant challenge due to the potential for rapid infarct expansion in the early phase. Such expansion, if not managed promptly, can lead to severe neurological deficits and poor clinical outcomes. Understanding the contributing factors that accelerate early infarct expansion is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient prognosis.

Frequency and Types of Anemia in Primary Hypothyroidism Patients: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background Primary hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder resulting from inadequate production of thyroid hormones. Anemia is a common condition that can occur in hypothyroidism. Anemia may occur due to nutrient deficiency, such as iron or vitamin B12 deficiency due to chronic disease in hypothyroidism.

Letter to the editor 'Prednisolone 20 mg vs. 40 mg in complex regional pain syndrome type I: An imperative consideration'.

Corticosteroids are a potential treatment to combat Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, however the adverse effect profile far outweighs the benefits of using them. Avascular necrosis and Osteonecrosis are among well defined adverse effects. Postmenopausal women are especially affected by corticosteroids due to loss of estrogen.

Assessment of sleep quality in severe COVID-19 hospitalised patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of sleep in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease-2019, and its impact on hospitalisation duration, need for intensive care unit admission and mortality.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, from May 2, 2021 to April 30, 2022, and comprised hospitalised coronavirus disease-2019 patients. Data was gathered using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire, including demographics, comorbidities, length of hospital stay, need for intensive care unit admission, C-reactive protein and D-dimer values at admission, and the outcome.

The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Surveillance Study in Pakistan.

Background: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) surveillance study is a longitudinal multicountry study that aims to estimate incidence rates and document consequences of diarrhea within 7 countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. In addition to a high incidence of childhood diarrhea, Pakistan is facing a problem of antimicrobial resistance in urban and peri-urban areas of Karachi.

Methods: In Pakistan, EFGH will be conducted in Karachi, which is one of the metropolitan cities bordering the Arabian Sea and has a diverse population of 1.

Transcriptomics data integration and analysis to uncover hallmark genes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heterogeneous disease that mainly affects the myocardium. In the current study, we aim to explore HCM-related hub genes through the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCM and normal sample groups.

Methods: The GSE68316 and GSE36961 expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for the identification of DEGs, to explore hub genes, and to perform their expression analysis.

Mortality And Prognostic Factors In Patients Operated For Acute Epidural Hematoma.

Background: Epidural hematoma is one of the most common surgical emergencies encountered in neurosurgery. This study was conducted to determine the mortality and prognostic factors in patients operated for traumatic intracranial epidural hematoma in a resource-constrained setting from a developing country.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery at Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from 1st January 2019 to 31st Dec 2021.

Optimum Working Hours for College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan Fellowship Residents of General Medicine and General Surgery Disciplines.

Objective: To determine the optimum working hours per week for CPSP trainees of Fellowship Programmes in the disciplines of General Surgery and General Medicine.

Study Design: Mixed-methods, explanatory study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of General Medicine and Department of General Surgery, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, from February to August 2023.

Diabetes Mellitus Mortality Trends in Brazil From 2000 to 2021: An In-Depth Joinpoint Analysis.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a public health concern in Brazil, with deleterious effects on quality of life and increasing mortality rates. The prevalence of diabetes in Brazil is on the rise, and it is imperative to understand its effects on mortality rates in the last two decades in order to effectively mitigate the detrimental impact of diabetes on public health. This study aims to analyze mortality trends related to diabetes in Brazil from 2000 to 2021, encompassing both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, across sex and various age cohorts.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Cisplatin/Paclitaxel Versus Carboplatin/Paclitaxel in Improving Survival and Quality of Life in the Advanced Ovarian Cancer Patient Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials.

Ovarian cancer, being one of the prevalent gynecological cancers, warrants a therapy that's both effective and well tolerated. After extensive drug testing, combination regimens with paclitaxel plus platinum-based agents such as cisplatin/carboplatin and taxanes, have shown promising results for advanced ovarian cancer. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the efficacy of two treatment regimens for advanced ovarian cancer: cisplatin/paclitaxel and carboplatin/paclitaxel.

Learning Urogenital Diseases in Oddity (LUDO)-a gamification-based innovation for learning urogenital diseases in emergency medicine.

Urogenital emergencies demand immediate attention within the field of emergency medicine, encompassing a range of critical conditions from ectopic pregnancies to kidney stones. Timely diagnosis and treatment are vital to prevent potential mortality and morbidity. However, due to the sensitive nature of these disorders and the cultural taboos surrounding them, accessing prompt medical care can be challenging.

Crisis averted: a world united against the menace of multiple drug-resistant superbugs -pioneering anti-AMR vaccines, RNA interference, nanomedicine, CRISPR-based antimicrobials, bacteriophage therapies, and clinical artificial intelligence strategies to safeguard global antimicrobial arsenal.

The efficacy of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents in combating bacterial infections faces a grave peril in the form of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), an exceedingly pressing global health issue. The emergence and dissemination of drug-resistant bacteria can be attributed to the rampant overuse and misuse of antibiotics, leading to dire consequences such as organ failure and sepsis. Beyond the realm of individual health, the pervasive specter of AMR casts its ominous shadow upon the economy and society at large, resulting in protracted hospital stays, elevated medical expenditures, and diminished productivity, with particularly dire consequences for vulnerable populations.