Nurses Engagement on Continuing Professional Development Programs and its Barriers in Selected Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Continuous Professional Development (CPD) programs are crucial for enhancing the quality of healthcare delivery. The presence of incompetent and unskilled healthcare professionals is not satisfactory. This study aimed to evaluate nurses' engagement in CPD programs and identify the barriers affecting this engagement.

Factor structure of the HIV-SM LMIC self-management questionnaire for people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries.

Introduction: Despite the need for reliable questionnaires to monitor self-management in chronic disease patients, such tools are lacking in developing countries. This study aims to pilot and assess the construct validity of the HIV-SM LMIC questionnaire.

Method: The validation of the HIV-SM LMIC questionnaire involved two cross-sectional studies in Ethiopia.

Estimating the differences in police and hospital records of people injured in traffic crashes in Dire Dawa City administration, Ethiopia.

The management of road safety relies on data from road traffic crashes to identify priorities, monitor trends and evaluate interventions. Both police and hospital records are important sources of information on crashes that result in injury; however, both are known to be incomplete, with the quality and completeness of data being lower in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study is to estimate the magnitude of the underreporting of crashes in Dire Dawa City, Ethiopia, as a case study that may be applicable elsewhere.

Cervical Cancer Screening Utilization and Barriers to Uptake in Ethiopia: .

Background: Cervical cancer (CCa) is the second most common type of cancer and a leading cause of death among adult women in Ethiopia. However, at the moment, there is a lack of evidence that can be generalizable as a whole to the country regarding the uptake of cervical cancer screening.

Objective: The aim of this review was to assess the pooled estimated uptake of CCa and to identify the major barriers to cervical cancer screening (CCS) uptake among adult women in Ethiopia.

Urinary tract infections among under-five children with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract in hospitalized patients in Addis Ababa.

Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are significant clinical concerns in children. Children who have UTIs are also at risk of developing long-term complications, notably kidney disease and scarring UTIs. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infection and its determinants among under-five children with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract in Addis Ababa.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of the general population towards Marburg virus disease in sub-Saharan African countries: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Marburg virus disease (MVD) is categorized among viral hemorrhagic fevers. MVD is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to identify factors affecting MVD knowledge, attitudes and practices in sub-Saharan African countries.

Groundwater flow system of the Abijata-Langano-Ziway lakes basin, Ethiopia.

The Abijata-Langano-Ziway Lakes Basin (ALZLB) is situated in the Central part of the Main Ethiopian Rift. The availability and dynamics of groundwater in the Abijata-Langano-Ziway Lakes Basin (ALZLB) are primarily controlled by its geological and hydrogeological characteristics, shaped by volcanic-tectonic and sedimentary processes. The basin faces significant challenges, including drastic change in land use pattern, rapid population growth sustained by subsistence farming, over-extraction of water resources, and vulnerability to climate change and fragile ecosystems.

Effects of channelization on macroinvertebrate assemblages in a small stream: The case of Awetu in Jimma City, Ethiopia.

Freshwater ecosystems are increasingly modified worldwide by anthropogenic activities. Land use change is one of the leading factors responsible for stream ecosystem degradation. Physical habitat disturbance due to channelization is among the factors responsible for the loss of biodiversity and degradation of river water quality worldwide.

Predictors of mortality at 3 months in patients with skull base tumor resections in a low-income setting.

Objective: Globally, skull base tumors are among the most challenging tumors to treat and are known for their significant morbidity and mortality. Hence, this study aimed to identify robust associated factors that contribute to mortality of patients following surgical resection for a variety of skull base tumors at the 3-month follow-up period. This in turn helps devise an evidence-based meticulous treatment strategy and baseline input for quality improvement work.

Occupational Heat Exposure-related Symptoms Prevalence and Associated Factors Among Hospitality Industry Kitchen Workers in Ethiopia: Wet Bulb Globe Temperature.

Background: Occupational heat stress caused by excessive environmental heat gain disrupts thermoregulatory mechanisms and harm workers' health and productivity. Kitchens are known for their thermal risks; however, research on heat stress in kitchen is limited. This study aimed to bridge this knowledge gap by assessing, the prevalence of heat-stress-related symptoms, and associated factors among kitchen workers in Gondar City, Ethiopia.

Rare case of dysphagia lusoria due to an anomalous vertebral artery originating from the aortic arch.

Dysphagia lusoria is a rare condition characterized by swallowing difficulties due to vascular compression of the esophagus. While most commonly caused by an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA), other vascular anomalies can also lead to this condition. We present a unique case of dysphagia lusoria in a 20-year-old Ethiopian male, caused by a vertebral artery originating anomalously from the aortic arch.

Subnational mapping of anemia and etiologic factors in the West and Central African Region.

Objectives: Despite bold commitments to reduce anemia, little change in prevalence was observed over the past decade. We aimed to generate subnational maps of anemia among women of reproductive age (WRA), malaria transmission, and hemoglobinopathies to identify priority areas, but also explore their geographical overlap.

Design: Using the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), we first mapped anemia clusters across Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) and identified the WCA as a major cluster.

Impact of nighttime human behavior on exposure to malaria vectors and effectiveness of using long-lasting insecticidal nets in the Ethiopian lowlands and highlands.

Background: Ethiopia continues to grapple with a persistent malaria burden, characterized by ongoing transmission and recurrent outbreaks. Human behavior influences both malaria exposure and the effectiveness of vector interventions, complicating malaria control efforts. Implementing tailored strategies that account for the complex interplay between human activities and vector behavior remains a challenge in both high- and low-transmission areas in Ethiopia, particularly for vulnerable highland populations and temporary labor migrants, due to lack of data.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare workers towards healthcare- associated infections in Jimma University Medical Center, southwestern Ethiopia: using structural equation model.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) are a common challenge faced in healthcare facilities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Evaluating the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among healthcare personnel regarding HCAI prevention and identifying the relevant factors is important for handling and controlling these infections. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the direct and indirect effects of knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare workers (HCW) towards HCAIs prevention in Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC).

Behavioral problems in children with unoperated rheumatic heart disease at national referral hospital in Ethiopia: an observational study.

Background: The behavioral disorder is characterized by a profound abnormality in an individual's cognition, emotion or behavior that reflects in psychological, biological or developmental dysfunction. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a long-term sequel of single or recurrent acute rheumatic fever. Children with RHD are thought to be at increased risk for behavioral problems due to autoimmunity seen in pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS).

Competing risks multi-state model for time-to-event data analysis of HIV/AIDS: a retrospective cohort national datasets, Ethiopia.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most common opportunistic infection and leading cause of death among individuals living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia. Its significant impact on morbidity and mortality underscores the crucial link between these two diseases. While the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to a dramatic decline in mortality rates among HIV/AIDS patients, TB continues to pose a substantial threat.

Consumption of wild edible plants in the Kofale and Heban-Arsi districts, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.

Background: Wild edible plants (WEPs) are neglected and have received little attention despite their significant contributions to the sustenance and livelihoods of rural communities. This study was conducted in the Kofale and Heban-Arsi districts of the Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, to document the diversity, to assess the most preferred WEPs, their utilization, and threats they face.

Methods: The study was conducted in the Kofale and Heban-Arsi districts of the West Arsi Zone of the Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.

Knowledge, attitude, and practices of the community about Chikungunya in selected Districts of Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia; its implications for controlling the disease: a community-based quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional study.

Background: Chikungunya (CHIK) is a viral disease spread by Aedes mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical countries, including Ethiopia. It is important to educate communities and implement behavioral and social interventions to prevent and control the spread of disease. This study assessed the community's knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) about CHIK disease in the Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia.

Chromosome-scale assembly of the African yam bean genome.

Genomics-informed breeding of locally adapted, nutritious, albeit underutilised African crops can help mitigate food and nutrition insecurity challenges in Africa, particularly against the backdrop of climate change. However, utilisation of modern genome-assisted crop improvement tools including genomic selection and genome editing for many African indigenous crops is hampered by the scarcity of genomic resources. Here we report on the assembly of the genome of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa), a tuberous legume crop that is indigenous to Africa.

Unveiling the role of DHIS2 in enhancing data quality and accessibility in primary healthcare facilities: Evidence from Ethiopia.

Background: The implementation of DHIS2 in healthcare systems has transformed data management practices worldwide. However, its specific impact on data quality, availability, and performance in Primary Health Unit (PHU) facilities in Ethiopia remains underexplored. Therefore, we investigated the contribution of DHIS2 to enhancing data quality, availability, and performance within PHU facilities in Ethiopia.

A rare case of huge intracranial yolk sac tumor presenting as an orbital mass in an infant: case report and literature review.

Primary intracranial yolk sac tumor (YST) with orbital involvement is an exceedingly rare extragonadal germ cell tumor, with only a limited number of cases reported in the literature. Clinically, primary intracranial yolk sac tumor with orbital involvement may present with symptoms that mimic more common benign or malignant orbital disorders in children, potentially leading to diagnostic delays that can adversely impact survival. Diagnostic imaging modalities, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are instrumental for assessing the tumor's size, precise localization, and extent.

Menstrual hygiene management practices among schoolgirls in resource-limited settings of Bahir Dar City administration, Northwestern Ethiopia.

Background: Schoolgirls in resource-limited settings encounter significant challenges in maintaining proper menstrual hygiene management practices. Studies on associated factors in menstrual hygiene management practices among schoolgirls in Bahir Dar City are limited.

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the menstrual hygiene practices of schoolgirls and identify factors that influence these practices in the limited settings of Bahir Dar City.

The association between dolutegravir-based antiretrovirals and high blood pressure among adults with HIV in southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Dolutegravir (DTG), a novel antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV, is increasingly adopted across sub-Saharan Africa. However, its impact on blood pressure in Ethiopia remains unclear, highlighting a need for further studies.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between DTG-based first-line regimens and other covariates of high blood pressure (HBP) among adults living with HIV receiving care at health facilities in Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia.

Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria species and associated risk factors for contamination of milk and cottage cheese along the value chains in Ethiopia.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the prevalence of L. monocytogenes and Listeria spp. in dairy products including raw milk, pasteurized milk, and cottage cheese, and identify potential risk factors for contamination throughout the dairy value chain in major milk sheds in Ethiopia.

Hematological and immunological profiles of podoconiosis patients in West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study.

Background: Podoconiosis is a geo-chemically induced, non-infectious, familial, chronic lymphedema of the legs that occurs among barefoot people in rural, farming communities with extreme poverty. Despite a growing body of research surrounding the disease, the pathogenesis of the disease is relatively unknown. This study aims to investigate the immunological and hematological profiles of individuals affected by podoconiosis in comparison to healthy controls.