Opportunistic screening for COPD among socially marginalized patients.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease associated with premature death. Tobacco exposure is the main risk factor, but lower socioeconomic status, early life insults, and occupational exposures are also important risk factors. Socially marginalized people, facing homelessness, substance use disorder, and mental illness, are likely to have a higher risk of developing COPD, and, furthermore, experience barriers to healthcare access and consequently poorer outcomes.

Intracoronary Imaging of Proximal Coronary Artery Lesions A Nationwide Lesion-Level Analysis From SCAAR.

Background: Current evidence suggests that use of intracoronary imaging during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) reduces mortality. However, there is a scarcity of data on the overall role of intracoronary imaging, particularly in other non-LMCA proximal coronary artery lesions. We aimed to investigate the association of use of intracoronary imaging on outcome in proximal lesions treated with PCI.

Clinical Characteristics, Incidences, and Mortality Rates for Type A and B Aortic Dissections: A Nationwide Danish Population-Based Cohort Study From 1996 to 2016.

Background: Population-based epidemiologic studies of aortic dissections (ADs) are needed. This study aimed to report clinical characteristics, incidences, and mortality rates for adult patients admitted to Danish hospitals with type A AD (TAAD) or type B AD (TBAD) from 1996 through 2016.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide, population-based register study.

On the Natural History of Coronary Artery Disease: A Longitudinal Nationwide Serial Angiography Study.

Background The long-term course of coronary atherosclerosis has not been studied in large nationwide cohorts. Understanding the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis could help identify patients at risk for future coronary events. Methods and Results All coronary artery segments with <50% luminal stenosis in patients with a first-time coronary angiogram between 1989 and 2017 were identified (n=2 661 245 coronary artery segments in 248 736 patients) and followed until a clinically indicated angiography within 15 years was performed or until death or end of follow-up (April 2018) using SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry).

Safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with nephrotic syndrome: a report of 21 cases.

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with increased risk of thromboembolic events (TE) adding to the morbidity and mortality. International guidelines recommend prophylactic anticoagulation in patients with NS and high risk of TE, but no studies have identified the optimal type of anticoagulation in NS. We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) by analyzing the thromboembolic and bleeding events in NS patients prescribed DOAC as primary prophylaxis to prevent TE or as treatment for TE occurring in relation to NS.

Circulating insulin-like growth factor system adaptations in hibernating brown bears indicate increased tissue IGF availability.

Brown bears conserve muscle and bone mass during 6 mo of inactive hibernation. The molecular mechanisms underlying hibernation physiology may have translational relevance for human therapeutics. We hypothesize that protective mechanisms involve increased tissue availability of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs).

5-Year Outcomes of PCI Guided by Measurement of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio Versus Fractional Flow Reserve.

Background: Instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) is a coronary physiology index used to assess the severity of coronary artery stenosis to guide revascularization. iFR has previously demonstrated noninferior short-term outcome compared to fractional flow reserve (FFR), but data on longer-term outcome have been lacking.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prespecified 5-year follow-up of the primary composite outcome of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and unplanned revascularization of the iFR-SWEDEHEART trial comparing iFR vs FFR in patients with chronic and acute coronary syndromes.

Direct pulp capping of primary molars using a novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement: a randomized clinical trial with 12-month follow-up.

Novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement with fluoride (Protooth) has been developed for potential applications in tooth crowns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the success rate of direct pulp capping in primary molars using two-layer mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and overlying glass ionomer cement versus one-layer novel calcium silicate cement with 4 to 10 minutes setting time. Ninety bilaterally symmetrical primary molars in the same jaw in 45 patients aged 5 to 7 years were included.

Prophylactic anticoagulation in nephrotic syndrome prevents thromboembolic complications.

Background: An increased incidence of thromboembolic events (TE) are reported in nephrotic syndrome (NS) leading to recommendations for prophylactic anticoagulation (PAC). However, as no randomized clinical trial has established the efficacy or risks associated with PAC, guidelines are empiric or substantiated only by estimates of risks and benefits. This study evaluates the risk of TE and hemorrhagic complications in patients with NS treated with PAC and compares to patients not receiving PAC.

An interview-based study of nonattendance at screening for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in older women: Nonattendees' perspectives.

Aims And Objectives: This study explored nonattendees' perspectives on a screening programme for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus among women aged 60-77 years.

Background: Nonattendance in screening is a common concern and has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Whether nonattendees need targeted information to participate in screening is unknown.

Hyperbaric oxygen may only be optional in head and neck necrotizing fasciitis: a retrospective analysis of 43 cases and review of the literature.

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis in the head and neck (NF-HN) is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition. The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the acute regimen is disputed and there is a lack of evidence of therapeutic effect. This study aims to describe a retrospective cohort of patients with NF-HN and investigate the use of HBOT and consequences thereof.

Governing citizens and health professionals at a distance: A critical discourse analysis of policies of intersectorial collaboration in Danish health-care.

It is widely recognised that the delivery of services across health-care sectors faces multiple challenges related to incoherence in patient pathways. There are multiple reasons for this incoherence, which are often dealt with through national legislation and policy-making. This paper discusses policies as powerful actors and explores how effects of a concrete policy are adapted for intersectorial collaboration in Danish health-care.

Survival of Composite Resin Restorations of severely Decayed Primary Anterior Teeth retained by Glass Fiber Posts or Reversed-orientated Metal Posts.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the survival of composite resin restorations retained by glass fiber posts or reversed-orientated (upside-down) metal posts in severely decayed primary anterior teeth after 6, 12, and 18 months.

Materials And Methods: A total of forty-four 3- to 5-year-old children with bilateral severely decayed primary maxillary canines were included. Patients were treated under general anesthesia.

Back pain - a feeling of being mistrusted and lack of recognition: a qualitative study.

Background: Research shows that suffering from back pain can be associated with great personal costs and that patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery experience particularly problematic illness trajectories and struggle with existential challenges related to living with pain for many years.

Aim: This study aims to explore how patients with back pain experience their illness trajectories and their interaction with the healthcare system.

Method: Data were collected through observations and semi-structured interviews.

Na(+) dependent acid-base transporters in the choroid plexus; insights from slc4 and slc9 gene deletion studies.

The choroid plexus epithelium (CPE) is located in the ventricular system of the brain, where it secretes the majority of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that fills the ventricular system and surrounds the central nervous system. The CPE is a highly vascularized single layer of cuboidal cells with an unsurpassed transepithelial water and solute transport rate. Several members of the slc4a family of bicarbonate transporters are expressed in the CPE.

Assessment of the effect of 24-hour aldosterone administration on protein abundance in fluorescence-sorted mouse distal renal tubules by mass spectrometry.

Background/aims: Aldosterone exerts multiple long-term effects on the distal renal tubules. The aim of this study was to establish a method for identifying proteins in these tubules that change in abundance by only 24-hour aldosterone administration.

Methods: Mice endogenously expressing green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in the connecting tubule and cortical collecting ducts were treated with a subcutaneous injection of 2.

Neonatal chemokine levels and risk of autism spectrum disorders: findings from a Danish historic birth cohort follow-up study.

A potential role of chemokines in the pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) has been previously suggested. In a recent study we examined levels of three inflammatory chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1α and RANTES) in samples of amniotic fluid of children diagnosed later in life with ASD and controls frequency-matched to cases on gender and year of birth. In this follow-up study, levels of the same chemokines were analyzed postnatally in dried blood spot samples from the same subjects utilizing the Danish Newborn Screening Biobank.