Evaluation of radiation therapy on grafted and non-grafted defects: an experimental rat model.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of a single-dose radiation therapy (15 Gy) on grafted and non-grafted defects, bone microarchitecture, and collagen maturity.

Methodology: Bone defects were surgically created in rat femurs. The right femur defect was filled with blood clot (group "Clot") and the left femur defect by deproteinized bovine bone mineral graft (group "Xenograft").

The decline of male sexual activity and function after surgical treatment for rectal cancer.

Background And Purpose: The prevalence of sequelae following rectal cancer (RC) treatment is high. We investigate the prevalence and temporal change in sexual dysfunction among male RC patient, along with their counselling and treatment needs and associations between sexual dysfunction and clinical factors. Patient/materials and methods: Patient-reported outcome measures were completed 3 and 12 months after RC surgery.

The low-lying electronic states of 4H-pyran-4-thione; a photoionization and vacuum ultraviolet absorption study, with interpretation by configuration interaction and density functional calculations for the ionic and singlet states.

Two synchrotron-based studies on 4H-pyran-4-thione, photoelectron spectroscopy and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) absorption spectra were performed. A highly resolved structure was observed in the photoelectron spectrum (PES), in contrast to an earlier PES study, where little structure was observed. The sequence of ionic states was determined using configuration interaction and coupled cluster methods.

Striving for Unity in a Culturally Fragmented World: Nested Multiple Cultural Identifications Associated With Well-Being Through Self-Concept Clarity.

In contemporary globalised societies, global awareness and identification, as well as local and regional identifications (other than national identity), may all become increasingly important for guiding people's sense of belonging and purpose and in turn their self-concept. As the world has become increasingly interconnected, people increasingly identify with various cultures and worldviews within both local and global contexts. Attempts to reconcile these multiple cultural identities can lead to a sense of cultural dissonance as people struggle to integrate these identities into a coherent sense of self.

How resistant is anammox biofilm against antibiotics: A special insight into anammox response towards fluoroquinolones.

Elevated concentrations of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in the water bodies are posing a serious threat to the aquatic microbiota and other organisms. In this context, anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria carry a great potential to degrade PhACs through their innate metabolic pathways. This study investigates the influence of short-term exposure to lower and higher concentrations (0.

Bioinspired nanofilament coatings for scale reduction on steel.

Scaling of steel surfaces, prevalent in various industrial applications, results in significant operational inefficiencies and maintenance costs. Inspired by the natural hydrophobicity of springtail (Collembola) skin, which employs micro- and nanostructures to repel water, we investigate the application of silicone nanofilaments (SNFs) as a coating on steel surfaces to mitigate scaling. Silicone nanofilaments, previously successful on polymers, textiles, and glass, are explored for their hydrophobic properties and stability on steel.

Occurrence, mortality, and economic burden of brain disorders in Denmark, 2015-2021: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Brain disorders (neurological and mental disorders) are common and burdensome diseases. We examined occurrence, mortality, and economic burden of brain disorders in Denmark from 2015 to 2021.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study using individual-level registry data.

Internal mammary node irradiation in 4541 node-positive breast cancer patients treated with newer systemic therapies and 3D-based radiotherapy (DBCG IMN2): a prospective, nationwide, population-based cohort study.

Background: Internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) improves overall survival (OS) in node-positive breast cancer patients. However, the effect is not documented in breast cancer patients treated with newer systemic therapies and 3D-based radiotherapy (RT). Therefore, the Danish Breast Cancer Group (DBCG) IMN2 study aimed to investigate the effect of IMNI in node-positive breast cancer patients treated with newer systemic therapies and 3D-based RT.

Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial on the Renal and Systemic Hemodynamic Effects of Empagliflozin.

Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). A decrease in renal blood flow (RBF) with attenuation of glomerular hyperfiltration may contribute. We examined renal and systemic hemodynamic effects of SGLT2i in relevant patient categories.

Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality associated with mental disorders: a population-based cohort study.

Mental disorders are associated with elevated mortality rates and reduced life expectancy. However, it is unclear whether these associations differ by socioeconomic position (SEP). The aim of this study was to explore comprehensively the role of individual-level SEP in the associations between specific types of mental disorders and mortality (due to all causes, and to natural or external causes), presenting both relative and absolute measures.

Associations of mental disorders in children with parents' subsequent mental disorders: nationwide cohort study from Finland and Denmark.

Background: Intergenerational transmission of mental disorders has been well established, but it is unclear whether exposure to a child's mental disorder increases parents' subsequent risk of mental disorders.

Aims: We examined the association of mental disorders in children with their parents' subsequent mental disorders.

Method: In this population-based cohort study, we included all individuals with children born in Finland or Denmark in 1990-2010.

Toward a phylogenomic classification of magnoliids.

Premise: Magnoliids are a strongly supported clade of angiosperms. Previous phylogenetic studies based primarily on analyses of a limited number of mostly plastid markers have led to the current classification of magnoliids into four orders and 18 families. However, uncertainty remains regarding the placement of several families.

Molecular dynamics-guided reaction discovery reveals endoperoxide-to-alkoxy radical isomerization as key branching point in α-pinene ozonolysis.

Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) significantly impact Earth's climate and human health. Although the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been recognized as the major contributor to the atmospheric SOA budget, the mechanisms by which this process produces SOA-forming highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) remain unclear. A major challenge is navigating the complex chemical landscape of these transformations, which traditional hypothesis-driven methods fail to thoroughly investigate.

Integrated TWAS, GWAS, and RNAseq results identify candidate genes associated with reproductive traits in cows.

Low fertility in cows leads to early removal from herds. Since reproductive traits are complex and have low heritability, genetic analysis can aid in improving reproduction. This study identified key genes linked to fertility by conducting genome- and transcriptome-wide association studies, RNA-seq analysis, meta-analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and functional enrichment analysis.

Mixed effect model confirms increased risk of image changes with increasing linear energy transfer in proton therapy of gliomas.

Background And Purpose: Radiation induced image changes (IC) on MRI have been observed after proton therapy for brain tumours. This study aims to create predictive models, with and without taking into account patient variation, based on dose, linear energy transfer (LET) and periventricular zone (PVZ) in a national cohort of patients with glioma treated with pencil beam scanning (PBS).

Materials And Methods: A cohort of 87 consecutive patients with oligodendroglioma or astrocytoma (WHO grade 2-4) treated with PBS from January 2019 to December 2021 was included.

Occlusal acuity and bite force in young adults.

Occlusal tactile acuity (OTA) and bite force are essential components of the sensorimotor control of oral behaviors. While these variables have been studied independently, it has not yet been revealed whether compressive force impacts the occlusal perception mediated by the mechanoreceptive afferents in the periodontal ligament. The present study examined the effect of repetition and maximum bite force on OTA by testing nine aluminum foils of different thicknesses together with a sham test with no foil, three times each, in randomized order in 36 healthy individuals.

Decoding the elite soccer player's psychological profile.

Soccer is arguably the most widely followed sport worldwide, and many dream of becoming soccer players. However, only a few manage to achieve this dream, which has cast a significant spotlight on elite soccer players who possess exceptional skills to rise above the rest. Originally, such attention was focused on their great physical abilities.

Optimizing automated photo identification for population assessments.

Several legal acts mandate that management agencies regularly assess biological populations. For species with distinct markings, these assessments can be conducted noninvasively via capture-recapture and photographic identification (photo-ID), which involves processing considerable quantities of photographic data. To ease this burden, agencies increasingly rely on automated identification (ID) algorithms.

Advancing Principled Pharmacoepidemiologic Research to Support Regulatory and Healthcare Decision Making: The Era of Real-World Evidence.

A compilation of factors over the past decade-including the availability of increasingly large and rich healthcare datasets, advanced technologies to extract unstructured information from health records and digital sources, advancement of principled study design and analytic methods to emulate clinical trials, and frameworks to support transparent study conduct-has ushered in a new era of real-world evidence (RWE). This review article describes the evolution of the RWE era, including pharmacoepidemiologic methods designed to support causal inferences regarding treatment effects, the role of regulators and other health authorities in establishing distributed real-world data networks enabling analytics at scale, and the many global guidance documents on principled methods of producing RWE. This article also highlights the growing opportunity for RWE to support decision making by regulators, health technology assessment groups, clinicians, patients, and other stakeholders and provides examples of influential RWE studies.

Iron deficiency and infection risk in Danish blood donors.

Background: We aimed to investigate if iron deficiency was associated with infection susceptibility in a large cohort of healthy individuals.

Study Design And Methods: The Danish Blood Donor Study is a national ongoing prospective study of blood donors. We included 94,628 donors with 338,290 ferritin measurements from March 2010 to October 2022.

Interaction and regulation of the mitochondrial proteome - in health and disease.

Introduction: Mitochondria contain multiple pathways including energy metabolism and several signaling and synthetic pathways. Mitochondrial proteomics is highly valuable for studying diseases including inherited metabolic disorders, complex and common disorders like neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cancer, since they all to some degree have mitochondrial underpinnings.

Areas Covered: The main mitochondrial functions and pathways are outlined, and systematic protein lists are presented.

Physical activity for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder among children and adolescents. The disorder negatively influences their academic performance and social relations, and their quality of life (QoL) is lower than that of peers without ADHD. The majority of children and adolescents with ADHD are treated with medication that potentially has an insufficient effect or frequently occurring adverse events.

Understanding the Importance of the Small Artery Media-Lumen Ratio: Past and Present.

The media-lumen diameter ratio of small arteries is increased in hypertension, diabetes and obesity. It is likely that both shear stress on the endothelial cells, transmural pressure and smooth muscle cell tone are important for the altered vascular structure. However, the precise interaction and importance of these factors are incompletely understood.

Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Danish version of the knee outcome survey - activities of daily living scale in patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries.

Background: The Knee Outcome Survey - Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS) is a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) developed to assess symptoms and functional limitations in patients with various knee disorders. The aim of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the KOS-ADLS to Danish and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Danish version (KOS-ADLS-DK) in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

Methods: The KOS-ADLS was translated and culturally adapted to Danish in accordance with recommended guidelines.