Gene expression comparisons between captive and wild shrew brains reveal captivity effects.

Compared with their free-ranging counterparts, wild animals in captivity experience different conditions with lasting physiological and behavioural effects. Although shifts in gene expression are expected to occur upstream of these phenotypes, we found no previous gene expression comparisons of captive versus free-ranging mammals. We assessed gene expression profiles of three brain regions (cortex, olfactory bulb and hippocampus) of wild shrews () compared with shrews kept in captivity for two months and undertook sample dropout to examine robustness given limited sample sizes.

Near-Field Direct Write Electrospinning of PET-Carbon Quantum Dot Solutions.

Electrospinning of polymer material has gained a lot of interest in the past decades. Various methods of electrospinning have been applied for different applications, from needle electrospinning to needleless electrospinning. A relatively new variation of electrospinning, namely near-field electrospinning, has been used to generate well-defined patterns.

A Feasibility Study of a Controlled Standing Fulcrum Side-Bending Test in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

: Spinal flexibility radiographs are important in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) for clinical decision-making. In this study, we introduce a new method, the 'quantitatively controlled standing fulcrum side-bending' test (CSFS test). This is a feasibility study; we aimed to quantify the applied force and track the temporospatial changes in the spine specifically by measuring the continuous change in the Cobb angle (in degrees) during lateral bending.

Influence of the Initial Guess on the Estimation of Knee Ligament Parameters via Optimization Procedures.

Optimization procedures provide ligament parameters by minimizing the difference between experimental measurements and computational simulations. Literature values are used as initial guesses of ligament parameters for these optimization procedures. However, it remains unknown how these values affect the estimation of ligament parameters.

Association of IDH1 Mutation and MGMT Promoter Methylation with Clinicopathological Parameters in an Ethnically Diverse Population of Adults with Gliomas in England.

Molecular profiles can predict which patients will respond to current standard treatment and new targeted therapy regimens. Using data from a highly diverse population of approximately three million in Southeast London and Kent, this study aims to evaluate the prevalence of IDH1 mutation and MGMT promoter methylation in the gliomas diagnosed in adult patients and to explore correlations with patients' demographic and clinicopathological characteristics. Anonymised data on 749 adult patients diagnosed with a glioma in 2015-2019 at King's College Hospital were extracted.

The Impact of Vaccination on COVID-19 Outcomes in Vietnam.

: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine on the outcomes of patients in three hospitals in Vietnam. : An observational study involved 3102 confirmed COVID-19 patients from Vietnam. Participants were classified into unvaccinated, partially vaccinated (one dose) (PV), fully vaccinated (two doses) (FV), and boosted (three doses) groups.

Calcium Signaling and Molecular Adhesion Processes May Hold the Key to Genetic Risk for Autism: A Molecular Pathway Analysis on Two Independent Samples.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by limited interests, difficulties in social interactions, repetitive behaviors, and impairments in social communication. ASD tends to run in families, and twin studies suggest a strong genetic basis for the disorder. However, the definition of a genetic profile that indicates a risk for ASD remains unclear.

Contraction Heuristics for Tensor Decision Diagrams.

In this paper, we study the equivalence problem for quantum circuits: Given two quantum circuits, are they equivalent? We reduce this problem to the contraction problem of a tensor network. The order in which the contraction operations between tensors are applied has a crucial impact on efficiency, which is why many heuristics have been proposed. In this work, we use an efficient representation of tensors as a tensor decision diagram.

The Fundamentals of Care Framework in nursing education: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: This scoping review aims to identify and map the use of the Fundamentals of Care Framework in nursing education to provide insights into curriculum development that can benefit educators, health care professionals, and policy makers in educational contexts.

Introduction: The Fundamentals of Care Framework offers a comprehensive approach for conceptualizing and delivering high-quality, person-centered fundamental care. Use of the framework in education is shown to enhance critical thinking, establish a shared language for nursing care, and increase understanding of person-centered care.

Paramedic assessment of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients in the out-of-hospital environment: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to develop a comprehensive collection of information about the current processes for paramedics assessing and referring suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients in the out-of-hospital environment.

Introduction: Patients with COVID-19 are frequently encountered by paramedics and ambulance service clinicians. Increased demand on ambulance services has resulted in many of these services developing alternative referral pathways to avoid unnecessary conveyance to emergency departments.

A laboratory feasibility study using a computer algorithm for anastomosis segmentation of epicardial ultrasonography images from distal coronary artery bypass anastomoses.

Background: The outcome of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) depends on several factors, including the quality of the distal anastomoses to the coronary arteries. Early graft failure may be caused by, e.g.

Screening for dysphagia in older people: A validation study of the psychometric properties of the Danish 4 Question Test (4QT-DK).

Aim: The four-item questionnaire test (4QT) is a simple screening measure of dysphagia for older people. A positive answer to any item indicates the need for further assessment. The 4QT is fast, simple to apply and requires no training beforehand.

A Core Outcome Set for Adult General ICU Patients.

Objectives: Randomized clinical trials informing clinical practice (e.g., like large, pragmatic, and late-phase trials) should ideally mostly use harmonized outcomes that are important to patients, family members, clinicians, and researchers.

Impact of surrogates for insulin resistance on mortality and life expectancy in primary care: a nationwide cross-sectional study with registry linkage (LIPIDOGRAM2015).

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is an important risk factor for multiple chronic diseases, increasing mortality and reducing life expectancy. The associations between emerging surrogates for IR, triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and TyG-related indicators, with all-cause mortality and life expectancy in middle-aged and older patients in primary care are unclear.

Methods: This study originated from the Polish primary care cohort LIPIDOGRAM2015, including patients aged ≥45 years.

A Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) ≥ 7 Predicts Disease Progression.

Background: Up to 30% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) will experience a mild disease course. However, there is no consensus definition for mild CD.

Aim: To examine the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD) thresholds best associated with low likelihood of long-term disease progression.

Lagging behind by doing good: How volunteering prolongs unemployment.

This study contributes new insights into whether volunteering improves the employment prospects of jobless individuals by examining its relationship with the speed at which they secure new jobs- an outcome that has received limited attention in previous research. Our comprehensive data enables us to investigate this by constructing an event history dataset that merges information from the Danish Volunteer Survey with administrative register data. Our results show that when we adjust for variations in education and labor market experience, jobless individuals who volunteer remain unemployed approximately two weeks or 31 percent longer than those who do not.

Quality indicators and development targets in the national clinical quality registries in cancer care and screening.

Background: The Danish clinical quality registries monitor and improve the quality of care, using quality indicators and defined development targets referred to as 'standards'. This study aims to investigate the fulfilment of standards in the Danish clinical quality registries in cancer care and screening.

Methods: Data was included from annual reports in the 27 Danish clinical quality registries in cancer care and screening.

Longer survival with precision medicine in late-stage cancer patients.

Background: In a per-protocol analysis of molecularly profiled patients with treatment-refractory, end-stage cancer discussed at the National Molecular Tumor Board (NMTB), we aimed to assess the overall survival (OS) outcome of targeted treatment compared with no targeted treatment.

Materials And Methods: Patients were prospectively included at a single oncological center. Whole exome and RNA sequencing (tumor-normal) were carried out, and cases were presented at the NMTB for discussion of targeted treatment.

European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting-A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management.

Introduction: Chronic nausea and vomiting are symptoms of a wide range of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal conditions. Diagnosis can be challenging and requires a systematic and well-structured approach. If the initial investigation for structural, toxic and metabolic disorders is negative, digestive motility and gut-brain interaction disorders should be assessed.

Development of a standardized patient-reported clinical questionnaire for children with spinal pain.

Background: Spinal pain affects up to 30% of school-age children and can interfere with various aspects of daily life, such as school attendance, physical function, and social life. Current assessment tools often rely on parental reporting which limits our understanding of how each child is affected by their pain. This study aimed to address this gap by developing MySpineData-Kids ("MiRD-Kids"), a tailored patient-reported questionnaire focusing on children with spinal pain in secondary care (Danish hospital setting).

Comprehensive genomic characterization of early-stage bladder cancer.

Understanding the molecular landscape of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is essential to improve risk assessment and treatment regimens. We performed a comprehensive genomic analysis of patients with NMIBC using whole-exome sequencing (n = 438), shallow whole-genome sequencing (n = 362) and total RNA sequencing (n = 414). A large genomic variation within NMIBC was observed and correlated with different molecular subtypes.

The Effectiveness of Video Animations as a Tool to Improve Health Information Recall for Patients: Systematic Review.

Background: Access to clear and comprehensible health information is crucial for patient empowerment, leading to improved self-care, adherence to treatment plans, and overall health outcomes. Traditional methods of information delivery, such as written documents and oral communication, often result in poor memorization and comprehension. Recent innovations, such as animation videos, have shown promise in enhancing patient understanding, but comprehensive investigations into their effectiveness across various health care settings are lacking.

Management of head and neck cancer of unknown primary: A phase IV study by DAHANCA.

Background: Diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary (HNSCCUP) remains a challenge. The aim of the present phase IV study was to assess adherence to the current Danish guidelines and evaluate the treatment outcome in HNSCCUP patients.

Materials And Methods: Prospectively collected data in the DAHANCA database from patients treated between 2014 and 2020 was evaluated.