Validation of monocyte CD169 expression as a valuable rapid diagnostic marker of SARS-CoV-2 and other acute viral infections.

Objectives: Acute infectious diseases are some of the most common reasons for receiving medical care, and analysis of the host immune response is an attractive approach for their diagnosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential usefulness of CD169 expression on peripheral monocytes (mCD169) as a marker of viral-associated host immune response.

Methods: In a large mono-institutional cohort of 4,025 patients evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 (CoV2) and other viral infections, mCD169 analysis was performed by rapid flow cytometry assay.

Rethinking Combination Therapy for S. aureus bacteremia: A Fading Paradigm.

Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia presents clinical complexities, with prolonged duration associated with unfavorable outcomes. This research delves into unconventional treatments, such as combinations involving daptomycin, oxacillin, ceftaroline, and fosfomycin, with the aim of swiftly sterilizing bloodstream infection to reduce complications. Our examination of 30 MSSA bacteremia patients with infective endocarditis uncovers differing results between single-agent therapies (oxacillin or daptomycin) and combined treatment plans.

Time is running out. No excuses to delay implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programmes: impact, sustainability, resilience and efficiency through an interrupted time series analysis (2017-2022).

Introduction: The WHO declared antimicrobial resistance (AMR) a significant concern in 2014, sparking initiatives to ensure responsible antibiotic use. In human medicine, Antimicrobial Stewardship Programmes (ASPs) in hospitals play a pivotal role in combating AMR. Although evidence supports the effectiveness of ASPs in optimizing antimicrobial use, often the lack of resources becomes an excuse to limit their dissemination and use.

Use of nebulized liposomal amphotericin B and posaconazole as antifungal prophylaxis in patients with severe SARS-CoV2 infection in intensive care unit.

Purpose: COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is common and linked with high fatality rates. To assess the impact on the incidence and outcome of CAPA of an antifungal prophylaxis (AFP) we compared two cohorts of COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) in Brescia, Italy, from January to August 2021.

Methods: The study cohort included all mechanically ventilated patients observed between April 2021 and August 2021 with SARS-CoV-2-pneumonia, who received AFP with oral posaconazole (200 mg every 6 h) and nebulized liposomal amphotericin B (50 mg every 2 weeks) from ICU admission to 7 days after discharge or, if applicable, until tracheostomy removal.

Examining the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Network in the Placental Tissues of Pregnancies Complicated by Pre-Eclampsia: An Explorative Case-Control Analysis.

Severe maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality associated with pre-eclampsia, which are caused partly by premature delivery, affect a factual proportion of pregnancies. Despite its prevalence, the underlying causes of pre-eclampsia remain elusive, with emerging evidence implicating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in its pathogenesis. This study sought to elucidate the involvement of the AhR and its associated pathway in pre-eclampsia by comparing placental components of the AhR pathway in pregnant individuals with and without pre-eclampsia.

The Management of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection: Non-Antibiotic Bundle Treatment.

Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) are a common condition with high morbidity and negatively impact the quality of life. They account for approximately 25% of all antibiotic prescriptions and are a public health concern in an era of increasing multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Several non-antibiotic treatment strategies have been tried to curb antimicrobial use, and many are effective to some degree, but no experience testing multimodal interventions.

Mortality predictors in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and the role of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and remdesivir.

Background: In a pre-vaccination era serologic tests may be used to evaluate the seroprevalence and efficacy of containment strategies applied to the community. Subsequently, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has successfully reduced hospitalization and admission to intensive care. The role of antiviral treatment for COVID-19 remains debated.

Dalbavancin in catheter-related bloodstream infections: a pilot study.

Background: Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) represent a frequent complication of vascular catheterization, with high morbidity, mortality, and associated costs. Most infections are caused by Gram-positive bacteria; thus dalbavancin, a new long-acting lipoglicopeptide, may have a role in early patient discharge strategies optimizing treatment and reducing overall costs.

Methods: In this small pilot feasibility study, we assessed the efficacy and safety of a "single step" treatment strategy combining dalbavancin administration (1500 mg IV single dose), catheter removal, and early discharge in adult patients admitted to medical wards in a three-year period.

Home management of COVID-19 symptomatic patients: a safety study on COVID committed home medical teams.

To reduce the overburden in the hospital, during the COVID-19 pandemic, some "COVID Committed Home Medical Teams" (CCHTs) were created in Italy. These units consist of a small pool of general practitioners who aim to evaluate all patients with COVID-19 who require a medical examination directly at home. After the first visit (which can end with patient hospitalisation or home management), CCHTs periodically monitor the patients' clinical conditions and vital signs (usually a revaluation every 24-48 hours, except for a sudden worsening).

Rapidly progressive ischemic strokes and transient antiphospholipid syndrome during a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.

SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events, especially during severe forms of disease. Here we describe the clinical history of a patient with a mild form of Covid-19 infection presenting with multiple cerebral ischemic lesions that evolved in an atypical way.

Surveillance of Antifungal Resistance in Candidemia Fails to Inform Antifungal Stewardship in European Countries.

Background: The increasing burden of candidemia and the emergence of resistance, especially among non- strains, represent a new threat for public health. We aimed to assess the status of surveillance and to identify publicly accessible resistance data in spp. blood isolates from surveillance systems and epidemiological studies in 28 European and 4 European Free Trade Association member states.

Development and Validation of the Acute PNeumonia Early Assessment Score for Safely Discharging Low-Risk SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients from the Emergency Department.

A continuous demand for assistance and an overcrowded emergency department (ED) require early and safe discharge of low-risk severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients. We developed ( = 128) and validated ( = 330) the acute PNeumonia early assessment (aPNea) score in a tertiary hospital and preliminarily tested the score on an external secondary hospital ( = 97). The score's performance was compared to that of the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2).

Artificial neural network model from a case series of COVID-19 patients: a prognostic analysis.

Background And Aim: There is a need to determine which clinical variables predict the severity of COVID-19. We analyzed a series of critically ill COVID-19 patients to see if any of our dataset's clinical variables were associated with patient outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU of the Hospital in Pordenone from March 11, 2020, to April 17, 2020.

Classification and analysis of outcome predictors in non-critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Background: Early detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients who could develop a severe form of COVID-19 must be considered of great importance to carry out adequate care and optimise the use of limited resources.

Aims: To use several machine learning classification models to analyse a series of non-critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to a general medicine ward to verify if any clinical variables recorded could predict the clinical outcome.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed non-critically ill patients with COVID-19 admitted to the general ward of the hospital in Pordenone from 1 March 2020 to 30 April 2020.