Ischemic cardiopathy induced by capecitabine in gastric cancer: The role of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase metabolites.

Objectives: Fluoropyrimidine-based therapies, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and its oral prodrugs, capecitabine and tegafur/oteracil/gimeracil (S-1), are pivotal drugs to treat gastric cancer. Fluoropyrimidines are associated with cardiotoxicity including ischemic cardiopathy. The mechanisms of ischemic cardiopathy are considered to be multifactorial, potentially involving metabolites of 5-FU generated by the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD).

The tumor immune microenvironment of SCLC is not associated with its molecular subtypes.

Introduction: Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of poor prognosis. Although immune checkpoint blockers have shown promising results in advanced SCLC, the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) remains poorly understood, with no validated prognostic or predictive biomarkers of efficacy.

Methods: This retrospective study included surgically samples from 48 SCLC patients between 2009 and 2018.

[Research on napping: where do we stand?].

WHERE DO WE STAND? Sleep specialists have proposed measures to counter the short- and long-term negative consequences of sleep deprivation, suggesting that the recovery nap could be a "powerful physiological public health tool". This article focus on napping as a "countermeasure" to the current epidemic of sleep debt. We review the restorative functions of naps explored in laboratory studies (alertness, memory, stress, immune function, pain sensitivity) with definite public health ramifications (sleep-related accidents, school and work performance, cardiovascular risk).

Hypothermia versus normothermia in patients with cardiac arrest and shockable rhythm: a secondary analysis of the TTM-2 study.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess whether hypothermia increased survival and improved functional outcome when compared with normothermia in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients with similar characteristics than in previous randomized studies showing benefits for hypothermia.

Methods: Post hoc analysis of a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized clinical trial (TTM-2, NCT02908308). In this analysis, the subset of patients included in the trial who had similar characteristics to patients included in one previous randomized trial and randomized to hypothermia at 33 °C or normothermia (i.

Does Concomitant Use of Methotrexate with JAK Inhibition Confer Benefit for Cardiovascular Outcomes? A Commentary.

This commentary explores the potential cardiovascular (CV) benefits of combining methotrexate (MTX) and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While European guidelines recommend MTX as first-line treatment, concerns about the CV risks associated with JAKis have emerged. This article reviews the existing literature to assess the role of concomitant MTX in reducing CV risk when used with JAKis.

The double-edged role of FASII regulator FabT in Streptococcus pyogenes infection.

In Streptococcus pyogenes, the type II fatty acid (FA) synthesis pathway FASII is feedback-controlled by the FabT repressor bound to an acyl-Acyl carrier protein. Although FabT defects confer reduced virulence in animal models, spontaneous fabT mutants arise in vivo. We resolved this paradox by characterizing the conditions and mechanisms requiring FabT activity, and those promoting fabT mutant emergence.

Chromatin assembly factor subunit CHAF1A as a monogenic cause for oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum.

Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) is characterized by abnormal development of the 1st and 2nd branchial arches. Despite arguments against a monogenic condition, a few genes have been involved in a minority of cases. We now report heterozygous, presumably loss-of function variants in the CHAF1A gene in 8 individuals, including 3 members of the same family.

Characteristics of Young Women Presenting With Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Young Women Presenting Acute Myocardial Infarction in France Study.

Background: The percentage of women <50 years of age hospitalized with myocardial infarction is increasing. We describe the clinical, morphological, and biological characteristics, as well as the clinical outcomes of this population.

Methods And Results: This prospective, observational study included consecutive women <50 years of age admitted for myocardial infarction at 30 centers in France (May 2017-June 2019).

Nicotine dependence and incident psychiatric disorders: prospective evidence from US national study.

We examined the prospective associations between nicotine dependence and the likelihood of psychiatric and substance use disorders in the general adult population. Participants came from a nationally representative sample of US adults aged 18 years or older, who were interviewed 3 years apart in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (Wave 1, 2001-2002; Wave 2, 2004-2005). The primary analyses were limited to 32,671 respondents (13,751 male (47.

Early-Onset colorectal Cancer: From the laboratory to the clinic.

Colorectal cancer that occurs before age of 50 is defined as Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer (EOCRC). Its incidence has worryingly increased since the late 90 s and is expected to keep rising in the next future, despite Late-Onset CRC (LOCRC) is decreasing worldwide. Because of this, there is an urgent need to better understand this subset of patients in order to give them the best treatment possible.

Causes, management, and prognosis of severe gastrointestinal bleedings in critically ill patients with pancreatic cancer: A retrospective multicenter study.

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a leading cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission in pancreatic cancer patients.

Aims: To analyze causes, ICU mortality and hemostatic treatment success rates of GI bleeding in pancreatic cancer patients requiring ICU admission.

Methods: Retrospective multicenter cohort study between 2009 and 2021.

Alcohol Rehabilitation Within 3 Months After Alcohol Hepatitis and Survival - A National Analysis.

Background & Aims: There is limited understanding of the benefits of alcohol rehabilitation after alcohol hepatitis (AH).

Methods: We conducted a 2012 to 2021 national longitudinal study involving adult inpatients diagnosed with AH in France. We assessed the primary outcome of liver transplantation or death within 1 year after AH, including in its complicated form (CAH) defined as ≥2 hepatic or extrahepatic complications within 4 weeks after AH.

Enucleation for Sporadic Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Larger than 2 Centimeters Is Associated with Equivalent Morbidity and Survival Compared to Smaller Tumors: A Multi-Institutional Study.

Introduction: Nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NF-PanNET) ≤2 cm can be observed or resected. Surgery remains recommended for NF-PanNET >2 cm but its extent, enucleation (EN) versus formal resection, remains controversial.

Methods: Multicentric retrospective cohort of sporadic NF-PanNET patients treated with EN.