Persian At-Risk Women and Barriers to Receiving HIV Services in Drug Treatment: First Report From Iran.

Background: As the most populated Persian Gulf country, in Iran, engagement with drug injection and unsafe sex are the main routes of HIV transmission among some drug-dependent women.

Objectives: The current study explored the barriers that a group of drug-dependent women reported in accessing and adhering to HIV services in drug use treatment.

Patients And Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 47 Persian women at five outpatient drug treatment centers between January and December 2011.

Effects of Omega-3 Supplement in the Treatment of Patients with Bipolar I Disorder.

Background: Fatty acids play various physiological roles in the organism; they are crucial for the structure of cell membranes, metabolic processes, transmission of nerve impulses and brain functions. In recent years, particular attention has been paid to the rich sources of omega-3 for the treatment of many diseases, especially mental illnesses. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3 supplement in the treatment of patients with bipolar I disorder (BID).

Determination of haptoglobin genotype in an Iranian population with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

Background: Haptoglobin (Hp) is a plasma α2-sialoglycoprotein that contains alpha and beta chains. It displays in three common phenotypes, Hp1-1, Hp2-1, and Hp2-2. Proteins expressed by polymorphic genes have grossly different molecular sizes resulting in different diffusion rates in the brain.

Comparative Study of Job Burnout Among Critical Care Nurses With Fixed and Rotating Shift Schedules.

Background: Nurses, as health care providers, are insurmountably obliged to the practice of shift work. Literature has reported shift working as one of the inducing factors of burnout. Despite numerous studies in this area, there are inconsistencies on the relationship between shift working and burnout among nurses, especially in those who work in critical care settings.

A Comparison of Persian Vowel Production in Hearing-Impaired Children Using a Cochlear Implant and Normal-Hearing Children.

Objective: Normal-hearing (NH) acuity and auditory feedback control are crucial for human voice production and articulation. The lack of auditory feedback in individuals with profound hearing impairment changes their vowel production. The purpose of this study was to compare Persian vowel production in deaf children with cochlear implants (CIs) and that in NH children.

Evaluation of Coordination of Emergency Response Team through the Social Network Analysis. Case Study: Oil and Gas Refinery.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the cohesions status of the coordination within response teams in the emergency response team (ERT) in a refinery.

Methods: For this study, cohesion indicators of social network analysis (SNA; density, degree centrality, reciprocity, and transitivity) were utilized to examine the coordination of the response teams as a whole network. The ERT of this research, which was a case study, included seven teams consisting of 152 members.

Detection of human papillomavirus in chronic cervicitis, cervical adenocarcinoma, intraepithelial neoplasia and squamus cell carcinoma.

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Recent studies show that human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is present in all cervical carcinomas and in some cervicitis cases, with some geographical variation in viral subtypes. Therefore determination of the presence of HPV in the general population of each region can help reveal the role of these viruses in tumors.

Construction of an expression plasmid (vector) encoding Brucella melitensis outer membrane protein, a candidate for DNA vaccine.

Background: DNA vaccination with plasmid encoding bacterial, viral, and parasitic immunogens has been shown to be an attractive method to induce efficient immune responses. Bacteria of the genus Brucella are facultative intracellular pathogens for which new and efficient vaccines are needed.

Methods: To evaluate the use of a DNA immunization strategy for protection against brucellosis, a plasmid containing the DNA encoding the Brucella melitensis (B.

Comparison of changes in serum fibrinogen level in primary intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and ischemic stroke.

Background: There is a growing body of evidence indicating that increase in fibrinogen is associated with increased risk of stroke. This study aimed to determine the type of stroke and the role of fibrinogen in stroke type.

Methods: This case-control study comprised 58 hospitalized patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and ischemic stroke.

Spectra and structure of binary azeotropes VI-benzene-methanol.

Benzene and methanol make a minimum boiling point homogeneous binary azeotrope with the mole ratio 2:3. Some characteristic vibrational modes, as well as (1)H NMR signals change due to the azeotrope formation. The extend of interaction of these molecules causes significant changes on some vibrational modes involved, and (1)H NMR signals show some changes on their position.

Anaphylactic shock caused by nonruptured hydatid cyst of the liver.

Anaphylactic reaction is a known complication of cystic hydatid disease, a parasitic infestation caused by the larval/cyst stage of Echinococcus granulosus that usually happens after trauma or during interventions. Nontraumatic leakage of cyst contents into the blood circulation is an uncommon triggering factor for anaphylaxis, which is rarely reported in available literatures. We describe anaphylaxis in a 47-year-old lady who was admitted for evacuation of hydatid cyst of the liver.

The most stable tautomer of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazin-5-one and its structural geometry.

With the purpose of finding predominant tautomer among five possible isomers of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazin-5-one and to refine some unreasonable structural parameters previously reported from X-ray diffraction measurements, a series of ab initio calculations were carried out. In agreement with previous results, our calculations show that 3-amino-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-one tautomer is the most stable one. Concerning the predominant tautomer, comparisons were made between structural parameters calculated and those obtained by X-ray crystallographic analysis.

Spectra and structure of binary azeotropes IV. Acetone-cyclohexane.

Acetone and cyclohexane make a binary azeotrope with mole ratio 3:1. Some characteristic vibrational modes of acetone and cyclohexane change due to the azeotrope formation. The extend of interaction of these molecules causes significant changes on vibrational modes involved, and (1)H NMR signals show some changes on their position.

Spectra and structure of binary azeotropes V-acetone-cyclopentane.

Acetone and cyclopentane make a minimum boiling homogeneous binary azeotrope with mole ratio 2:3. Some characteristic vibrational modes, as well as (1)H NMR signals change due to the azeotrope formation. The extend of interaction of these molecules causes significant changes on some vibrational modes involved and (1)H NMR signals show some changes on their position.

Application of biotransformation in flavor and fragrance industry.

The present study describes the isolation of microorganisms capable of producing alpha-pinene from beta-pinene. 24 (15 fungi, 9 bacteria) microorganisms were isolated from galbanum, gum and soil, were screened for their ability to transform beta-pinene to alpha-pinene. Biotransformation products were extracted with n-hexan and analyzed by gas chromatography.

Spectra and structure of binary azeotropes. III. Acetone-n-hexane.

Acetone and n-hexane form an azeotrope with the mole ratio 2:1. As a result of this phenomenon, some characteristic vibrational modes in FT-IR and some chemical shifts in 1H NMR spectra changes. The amount of these changes is an indication of the extension of interaction between two components and their orientation in unit structure of the cluster.

Spectra and structure of binary azeotropes II. Acetone-n-pentane.

Acetone and n-pentane from an azeotrope with the mole ratio of 1:3, respectively. As the result of this azeotrope formation, some characteristic vibrational modes in FT-IR and chemical shifts in 1H NMR changes. The amount of these band and signal changes is an indication of the extend of interaction between two components and their orientation in unit structure of the cluster.

Spectra and structure of binary azeotropes I. Acetone-chloroform.

Some characteristic vibrational modes of acetone and chloroform change due to the azeotrope formation. The extend of interaction of these molecules has significant effects on some vibrational modes involved, depending on unit structure in azeotrope cluster. Besides (1)H NMR signals undergo some chemical shifts, which show the effect of oncoming molecules on the target molecule.

First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus on Soybean in Iran.

During the summers of 1999 and 2000, 3,110 soybean (Glycine max) leaf samples were randomly collected from soybean fields in the Ardebil, Goletan, Khuzestan, Lorestan, and Mazandaran provinces of Iran. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was detected in leaf samples by TSWV-specific polyclonal antibody (As-0526 and As-0580, DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany) in double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Mechanical inoculation of 26 plant species (10 plants per species) and cultivars with extracts of positive leaf samples produced necrotic local lesions in Beta vulgaris, Chenopodium quinoa, C.

First Report of a Tospovirus Infection of Peanuts in Iran.

During the summer of 2000, severe stunting, mosaic, bud necrosis, and chlorosis symptoms were observed on peanut (Arachis hypogaea cv. Gilan) plants growing in fields in the Golestan Province of Iran. Leaf extracts of peanut plants were infective (mechanical inoculation) causing necrotic local lesions on Chenopodium quinoa, C.