A ferroelectrically modulated ultrasensitive two-dimensional perovskite phototransistor with zero-gate-bias.

Two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic halide perovskites are promising sensitive materials for optoelectronic applications due to their strong light-matter interactions, layered structure, long carrier lifetime and diffusion length. However, a high gate bias is indispensable for perovskite-based phototransistors to optimize detection performances, since ion migration seriously screens the gate electric field and the deposition process introduces intrinsic defects, which induces severe leakages and large power dissipation. In this work, an ultrasensitive phototransistor based on the (PEA)SnI perovskite and the Al:HfO ferroelectric layer is meticulously studied, working without an external gate voltage.

Synthesis of benzouracils and carbamates from chloroacetamides through carbon-carbon bond cleavage.

This work introduces a mild reaction-condition approach for the direct C-C bond cleavage of amides, resulting in the formation of benzouracil and carbamate structures. This method leverages a C-C bond cleavage strategy that enables nucleophilic addition to the amide carbonyl, involving a reactive spiro intermediate. A diverse range of chloroacetamides were synthesized and utilized as bifunctional starting materials in this transformation.

Pushing the limits of electron donation for -chelating ligands an alliance of phosphonium ylide and anionic abnormal NHC.

The grafting of a -(CH)PR moiety on an NHC ligand backbone in the Mn(I) complex [Cp(CO)Mn(IMes)] followed by double deprotonation opens a route to bidentate ligands with extreme electron-donating character. Such remarkable electronic properties can even allow intramolecular sp C-H functionalization in typically inert square-planar Rh(I) dicarbonyl complexes.

Atmospheric pressure spatial atomic layer deposition of p-type CuO thin films from copper(II) acetylacetonate and ozone for UV detection.

Cupric oxide (CuO) is a promising p-type semiconducting oxide used in many critical fields, such as energy conversion and storage, and gas sensors, which is attributed to its unique optoelectrical properties and cost-effectiveness. This work successfully deposited amorphous, pinhole-free, ultrathin CuO films using atmospheric pressure spatial atomic layer deposition (SALD) with copper(II) acetylacetonate and ozone as precursors. The growth rate increased from 0.

Impact of water stress to plant epigenetic mechanisms in stress and adaptation.

Water is the basic molecule in living beings, and it has a major impact on vital processes. Plants are sessile organisms with a sophisticated regulatory network that regulates how resources are distributed between developmental and adaptation processes. Drought-stressed plants can change their survival strategies to adapt to this unfavorable situation.

Informed circular fields: a global reactive obstacle avoidance framework for robotic manipulators.

In this paper, we present a global reactive motion planning framework designed for robotic manipulators navigating in complex dynamic environments. Utilizing local minima-free circular fields, our methodology generates reactive control commands while also leveraging global environmental information from arbitrary configuration space motion planners to identify promising trajectories around obstacles. Furthermore, we extend the virtual agents framework introduced in Becker et al.

Lung resection and new postoperative home oxygen requirement: a systematic review.

Background: While patients are assessed for their ability to tolerate surgery through physiologic evaluations such as pulmonary function tests, ventilation-perfusion scans, and exercising testing, some patients still require home oxygen therapy after pulmonary resection. It is not well understood what the associated risk factors are, how long patients need supplemental oxygen, and if this requirement is associated with worse long-term outcomes. Given these knowledge gaps, we sought to conduct a systematic review of pulmonary resections and new postoperative home oxygen requirement.

Henoch-Schönlein purpura with epididymo-orchitis: A rare extra-cutaneous manifestation.

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP), or IgA vasculitis, is a systemic inflammatory disorder primarily affecting children. While common symptoms include purpura, abdominal pain, and arthritis, testicular involvement is rare. We report a case of a young boy presenting with severe scrotal pain and swelling, later identified as epididymo-orchitis secondary to HSP.

Quantitative analysis and identification of magnesium alloys using fs-LA-SIBS combined with machine learning methods.

This work employs the femtosecond laser-ablation spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy (fs-LA-SIBS) technique for the quantitative analysis of magnesium alloy samples. It integrates four machine learning models: Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Partial Least Squares (PLS), and -Nearest Neighbors (KNN) to evaluate their classification performance in identifying magnesium alloys. In regression tasks, the models aim to predict the content of four elements: manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) in the samples.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor alterations and cognitive decline in schizophrenia: Implications for early intervention.

This manuscript explores the recent study by Cui which assessed the interplay between inflammatory cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in first-episode schizophrenia patients. The study revealed that higher levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α correlated with reduced BDNF levels and poorer cognitive performance. Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder impacting approximately 1% of the global population, characterized by positive symptoms (hallucinations and delusions), negative symptoms (diminished motivation and cognitive impairments) and disorganized thoughts and behaviors.

Gut-brain axis as a bridge in obesity and depression: Mechanistic exploration and therapeutic prospects.

A recent study by Wang , published in the , provided preventative and therapeutic strategies for the comorbidity of obesity and depression. The gutbrain axis, which acts as a two-way communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Evidence suggests that metabolic byproducts, such as short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and bile acids, which are generated by the gut microbiota, along with neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators within the gut-brain axis, modulate the host's metabolic processes, neuronal regulation, and immune responses through diverse mechanisms.

Comprehensive bibliometric analysis of pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorders: Present trends and future directions.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness characterized by significant mood swings. Effective drug treatment modalities are crucial for managing BD.

Aim: To analyze the current status and future trends of global research on BD drug treatment over the last decade.

Perceptions and emotions in postoperative recovery of patients with perianal diseases.

This article examines the complex relationship between disease perception, negative emotions, and their impact on postoperative recovery in patients with perianal diseases. These conditions not only cause physical discomfort, but also carry a significant emotional burden, often exacerbated by social stigma. Psychological factors, including stress, anxiety, and depression, activate neuroendocrine pathways, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, disrupting the gut microbiota and leading to dysbiosis.

Relationship between the use of smart medical services and mental health status.

In this editorial, I comment on the article by Zhang . To emphasize the importance of the topic, I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health. Smart medical services have the potential to positively influence mental health by providing monitoring, insights, and interventions.

Development and prospect of near-infrared spectroscopy-assisted schizophrenia diagnosis based on bibliometrics.

In this editorial, we comment on the recent article by Fei exploring the field of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) research in schizophrenia from a bibliometrics perspective. In recent years, NIRS has shown unique advantages in the auxiliary diagnosis of schizophrenia, and the introduction of bibliometrics has provided a macro perspective for research in this field. Despite the opportunities brought about by these technological developments, remaining challenges require multidisciplinary approach to devise a reliable and accurate diagnosis system for schizophrenia.

Cardiovascular Complications Following Acute Methadone Poisoning in Patients with and Without a History of Long-term Methadone Use.

Objective: Given the prevalence of methadone poisoning, this study was conducted to compare the cardiovascular complications following acute methadone poisoning in patients with and without a history of long-term methadone use.

Methods: In this retrospective study, information related to patients with acute methadone poisoning hospitalized at Al-Zahra and Khorshid hospitals in Isfahan-Iran was collected from hospital archives and analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups with and without a history of long-term methadone use.

Enhancing soybean germination and vigor under water stress: the efficacy of bio-priming with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and gum arabic.

Seed priming can significantly enhance the tolerance of soybean against different environmental stresses by improving seed water uptake and modulating stress-response mechanisms. In particular, seed priming with sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) and gum Arabic (GA) can support seeds to withstand extreme conditions better, promoting more consistent germination and robust seedling establishment, which is crucial for achieving stable agricultural yields. The present study investigated the effects of seed priming using a combination of SCMC and GA (10% CG) on the germination, growth, and biochemical responses of six soybean varieties under drought and flooding stress conditions.

Antioxidative and Anticancer Potential of Luteolin: A Comprehensive Approach Against Wide Range of Human Malignancies.

Luteolin is widely distributed phytochemical, a flavonoid, in kingdom plantae. Luteolin with potential antioxidant activity prevent ROS-induced damages and reduce oxidative stress which is mainly responsible in pathogenesis of many diseases. Several chemo preventive activities and therapeutic benefits are associated with luteolin.

Investigating the link between microplastic exposure (benzyl butyl phthalate) and neurodegenerative diseases using high-performance computational toxicology.

Background: Microplastics are tiny plastic particles, typically less than 5 mm in size, formed from the breakdown of larger plastic products. This breakdown releases additives, including benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), into the environment. Humans can be exposed to BBP through contaminated food and water, inhalation, and dermal contact.

The potential role of N-acetylcysteine as an adjuvant therapy in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Aluminum phosphide (AP) intoxication is a life-threatening emergency with no available effective antidote. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) infusion in cases of acute AP poisoning.

Methods: This randomized, single-blinded, parallel-group, controlled, clinical trial enrolled 96 patients with acute AP poisoning.

The Possible effect of Bosentan on the methotrexate-induced salivary gland changes in male rats: histological and Immunohistochemical study.

Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolite drug utilized for managing a variety of cancers and autoinflammatory conditions. MTX may trigger detrimental effects in mout, h tissues, including salivary gland impairment. Bosentan (BOS), a drug that blocks endothelin receptors, has strengthened antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.

The psychological resources of success: satisfaction with academic majors, psychological capital, and achievement motivation among future tourism and hospitality leaders.

Introduction: Exploring the factors that drive academic achievement motivation is a vital area in educational psychology, particularly within specialized fields like tourism and hospitality higher education. Achievement motivation, essential for academic and career success, is shaped by various positive psychological resources and contextual factors. Grounded in the framework of positive psychology, this study examines how satisfaction with academic majors (SAT) predicts achievement motivation among tourism and hospitality students in Saudi Arabia.

Autonomous learning and creative cognition: the mediating effect of gifted students' self-efficacy.

Introduction: In today's world, it is of great importance to raise qualified learners whose creative thinking skills and self-efficacy are developed and who can make various choices and take responsibility for their choices as well as implementing them by making their own decisions. In this regard, the study examined the role of gifted students' self-efficacy (SE) as a mediator on the relationship between autonomous learning (AL) and creative cognition (CC).

Methods: A proposed conceptual model was tested using a cross-sectional survey design.

Topical Brimonidine Tartrate 0.33% Gel versus 577-nm Pro-yellow Laser for the Treatment of Post-acne Erythema: A Comparative Study.

Background: Post acne erythema (PAE) is a common sequela of inflammatory acne vulgaris resulting from the dilatation of microcapillaries within the papillary dermis, thinning of the epidermis, and release of inflammatory cytokines. The authors sought to compare the safety and efficacy of topical Brimonidine tartrate 0.33% gel versus A 577-nm pro-yellow laser for treatment of post acne erythema.