Chameleon Sequences-Structural Effects in Proteins Characterized by Hydrophobicity Disorder.

Repeated protein folding processes both in vivo and in vitro leading to the same structure for a specific amino acid sequence prove that the amino acid sequence determines protein structuring. This is also evidenced by the variability of structuring, dependent on the introduced mutations. An important phenomenon in this regard is the presence of a differentiated secondary structure for chain fragments of identical sequence representing distinct forms of the secondary-order structure.

Combination of Searches for Higgs Boson Pair Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

This Letter presents results from a combination of searches for Higgs boson pair production using 126-140  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. At 95% confidence level (CL), the upper limit on the production rate is 2.9 times the standard model (SM) prediction, with an expected limit of 2.

Search for Time-Dependent CP Violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} Decays.

A measurement of time-dependent CP violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} decays using a pp collision data sample collected by the LHCb experiment in 2012 and from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.7  fb^{-1}, is presented. The initial flavor of each D^{0} candidate is determined from the charge of the pion produced in the D^{*}(2010)^{+}→D^{0}π^{+} decay.

Studies of the Energy Dependence of Diboson Polarization Fractions and the Radiation-Amplitude-Zero Effect in WZ Production with the ATLAS Detector.

This Letter presents the first study of the energy dependence of diboson polarization fractions in WZ→ℓνℓ^{'}ℓ^{'}(ℓ,ℓ^{'}=e,μ) production. The dataset used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 140  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector. Two fiducial regions with an enhanced presence of events featuring two longitudinally polarized bosons are defined.

Prussian White/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite as Cathode Material to Enhance the Electrochemical Performance of Sodium-Ion Battery.

Prussian white (PW) is considered a promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. However, challenges, such as lattice defects and poor conductivity limit its application. Herein, the composite materials of manganese-iron based Prussian white and reduced graphene oxide (PW/rGO) were synthesized via a one-step in situ synthesis method with sodium citrate, which was employed both as a chelating agent to control the reaction rate during the coprecipitation process of PW synthesis and as a reducing agent for GO.

Zero shot health trajectory prediction using transformer.

Integrating modern machine learning and clinical decision-making has great promise for mitigating healthcare's increasing cost and complexity. We introduce the Enhanced Transformer for Health Outcome Simulation (ETHOS), a novel application of the transformer deep-learning architecture for analyzing high-dimensional, heterogeneous, and episodic health data. ETHOS is trained using Patient Health Timelines (PHTs)-detailed, tokenized records of health events-to predict future health trajectories, leveraging a zero-shot learning approach.

Effect of silver nanoparticles foliar application on the nutritional properties of potato tubers.

The aim of presented study was to test nutritional properties of potato tubers and silver ions accumulation pattern after foliar application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) during potato vegetation. Potato plants were sprayed with different concentration of Ag nanoparticles (0.1, 1.

Sediment load assessments under climate change scenarios and a lack of integration between climatologists and environmental modelers.

Increasing precipitation accelerates soil erosion and boosts sediment loads, especially in mountain catchments. Therefore, there is significant pressure to deliver plausible assessments of these phenomena on a local scale under future climate change scenarios. Such assessments are primarily drawn from a combination of climate change projections and environmental model simulations, usually performed by climatologists and environmental modelers independently.

The influence of selected grain size fractions of coal fly ash on properties of clay-cement mortars used for the flood levees construction.

This study examines the influence of different grain size fractions of coal fly ash on the properties of clay-cement mortars used in flood levee construction. Dry aerodynamic separation and mesh sieving were used to obtain ultrafine, fine, and medium fractions of high-calcium and silica fly ash. The experimental results reveal that the rheological properties of fresh mortars are significantly influenced by these fractions.

The Real-Time Detection of Vertical Displacements by Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Using Precise Point Positioning.

Vertical displacements are traditionally measured with precise levelling, which is inherently time consuming. Rapid or even real-time height determination can be achieved by the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Nevertheless, the accuracy of real-time GNSS positioning is limited, and the deployment of a network of continuously operating GNSS receivers is not cost effective unless low-cost GNSS receivers are considered.

Aerogels for Phase-Change Materials in Functional and Multifunctional Composites: A Review.

Phase-change materials (PCMs) have gained more attention during the last few decades. As the main function of these materials is to store and release energy in the form of latent heat during phase transitions, they perfectly fulfill the direction of modern research focused on energy-related topics. Although they have basic energy-related properties, recent research shows a need to upgrade those materials in terms of improving their common drawbacks like shape stability, leakage, and poor conductivity.

Towards a Direct Consideration of Microstructure Deformation during Dynamic Recrystallisation Simulations with the Use of Coupled Random Cellular Automata-Finite Element Model.

Dynamic recrystallisation (DRX) is one of the fundamental phenomena in materials science, significantly impacting the microstructure and mechanical properties of components subjected to large plastic deformations. Experimental research on that topic carried out for a wide range of new metallic materials is often supported by computational materials science. A direct consideration and detailed understanding of this phenomenon are possible with a class of full-field numerical models based on the cellular automata (CA) method.

Mercury Ion Selective Adsorption from Aqueous Solution Using Amino-Functionalized Magnetic FeO/SiO Nanocomposite.

This study focuses on the development of new amino-functionalized magnetic FeO/SiO nanocomposites with varying silicate shell ratios (1:0.5, 1:1, and 1:2) for the efficient elimination of Hg ions found in solutions. The FeO/SiO-NH adsorbents were characterized for their structural, surface, and magnetic properties using various techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Braunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), zeta-potential, and particle size measurement.

Neomycin Intercalation in Montmorillonite: The Role of Ion Exchange Capacity and Process Conditions.

The study examined the possibility of intercalation of montmorillonite with neomycin in an aqueous drug solution and the factors influencing the effectiveness of this process, such as the ion exchange capacity and process conditions, including the time and temperature of incubation with the drug. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis (DSC/TG), and Zeta potential measurement were used to confirm drug intercalation as well as to investigate the nature of clay-drug interactions. The obtained conjugates with the most favorable physicochemical properties were also tested for antibacterial response against Gram-negative bacteria () to confirm that the bactericidal properties of neomycin were retained after intercalation and UV-VIS spectrophotometry was used to examine the kinetics of drug release from the carrier.

Controlled Phonon Transport via Chemical Bond Stretching and Defect Engineering: The Case Study of Filled β-Mn-Type Phases.

Controlling the elastic properties of the material could become a powerful tool for tuning the thermal transport in solids. Nevertheless, the impact of the crystal structure, chemical bonding, and elastic properties on the lattice thermal conductivity remains to be elucidated. This is a pivotal issue for the advancement of thermoelectric (TE) materials.

Silver decorated zeolite embedded in bionanocomposite hydrogels based on cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose for excellent catalytic hydrogenation of azo dyes.

Herein, bionanocomposite beads based on Carboxymethyl cellulose/Dextrant sulfate (CMC/DS) embedding silver nanoparticle-functionalized zeolite (AgZ) were developed and proposed as catalysts for catalytic hydrogenation of Direct Red 16 (DR16) azo dye under different experimental parameters. The obtained results showed that AgZ incorporation into the polymer matrix produced highly porous structures with improved thermal stability. For antibacterial application, it was shown that the engineered bionanocomposites were effective against all tested bacteria.

Improving deep learning-based automatic cranial defect reconstruction by heavy data augmentation: From image registration to latent diffusion models.

Modeling and manufacturing of personalized cranial implants are important research areas that may decrease the waiting time for patients suffering from cranial damage. The modeling of personalized implants may be partially automated by the use of deep learning-based methods. However, this task suffers from difficulties with generalizability into data from previously unseen distributions that make it difficult to use the research outcomes in real clinical settings.

The added value of diffusion tensor imaging with systematic bias correction for the assessment of liver morphology and physiology.

Diffusion-weighted images of the human liver are prone to artifacts from bulk motions, poor SNR, non-uniformity of magnetic field gradients, and non-optimal choice of diffusion weightings. These factors markedly affect diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics such as mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA). This work presents a simple preprocessing pipeline for enhanced magnetic field gradient non-uniformity calibration and analysis of the systematic bias removal attained in each correction step.

Intercellular extrachromosomal DNA copy-number heterogeneity drives neuroblastoma cell state diversity.

Neuroblastoma exhibits significant inter- and intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity and varying clinical outcomes. Extrachromosomal DNAs (ecDNAs) may drive this heterogeneity by independently segregating during cell division, leading to rapid oncogene amplification. While ecDNA-mediated oncogene amplification is linked to poor prognosis in various cancers, the effects of ecDNA copy-number heterogeneity on intermediate phenotypes are poorly understood.

Antibacterial and antibiofilm agents in the group of xanthone derivatives with piperazine moiety active against drug-resistant Helicobacter pylori strains.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) cause chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa which can lead to epithelial atrophy and metaplasia resulting in peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. The increasing resistance of H.

Raman imaging unveils heme uptake in endothelial cells.

Heme released from damaged and senescent red blood cells (RBCs) may contribute to oxidant-mediated cell injury. One of the recently investigated physiological processes, essential in preventing the inflammatory impact of labile heme, is its uptake from the bloodstream by endothelial cells (ECs). In this study, we investigated heme uptake by ECs starting from the model studies on the in vitro cellular level, through the endothelium layer on the ex vivo murine aortic tissues.