Bioactive compounds of peanut skin in prevention and adjunctive treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases.

The global prevalence of cancer continues to increase, so does its mortality. Strategies that can prevent/treat this condition are therefore required, especially low-cost and low-toxicity strategies. Bioactive compounds of plant origin have been presented as a good alternative.

Maternal malnutrition associated with postnatal sugar consumption increases inflammatory response and prostate disorders in rat offspring.

Maternal malnutrition can alter developmental biology, programming health and disease in offspring. The increase in sugar consumption during the peripubertal period, a worldwide concern, also affects health through adulthood. Studies have shown that maternal exposure to a low protein diet (LPD) is associated with an increase in prostate disease with aging.

Deregulation of ABCG1 early in life contributes to prostate carcinogenesis in maternally malnourished offspring rats.

The developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept has provided the framework to assess how early life experiences can shape health and disease throughout the life course. Using a model of maternal exposure to a low protein diet (LPD; 6% protein) during the gestational and lactational periods, we demonstrated changes in the ventral prostate (VP) transcriptomic landscape in young rats exposed to maternal malnutrition. Male offspring Sprague Dawley rats were submitted to maternal malnutrition during gestation and lactation, and they were weighed, and distance anogenital was measured, followed were euthanized by an overdose of anesthesia at 21 postnatal days.

Early-life origin of prostate cancer through deregulation of miR-206 networks in maternally malnourished offspring rats.

The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept has provided the framework to assess how early life experiences can shape health and disease throughout the life course. While maternal malnutrition has been proposed as a risk factor for the developmental programming of prostate cancer (PCa), the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using RNA-seq data, we demonstrated deregulation of miR-206-Plasminogen (PLG) network in the ventral prostate (VP) of young maternally malnourished offspring.

In Vitro Digestion of Peanut Skin Releases Bioactive Compounds and Increases Cancer Cell Toxicity.

Peanut skin is a rich source of bioactive compounds which may be able to reduce the risk factors associated with metabolic syndromes. This study aimed to characterize bio-compounds from peanut skin () and their bioactivity (antioxidant activity, inhibition of lipase, and carbohydrase enzymes) and to evaluate their anti-proliferative properties in colorectal cancer cells (HCT116) upon in vitro digestion. Peanut skin was digested in two sequential phases, and the final content, named phase-1 (P1) and phase-2 (P2) extracts, was evaluated.

miR-18a-5p Is Involved in the Developmental Origin of Prostate Cancer in Maternally Malnourished Offspring Rats: A DOHaD Approach.

The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept correlates early life exposure to stressor conditions with the increased incidence of non-communicable chronic diseases, including prostate cancer (PCa), throughout the life span. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this process remain poorly understood. In this study, the deregulation of two miRNAs (rno-miR-18a-5p and rno-miR-345-3p) was described in the ventral prostate VP of old rats born to dams fed with a low protein diet (LPD) (6% protein in the diet) during gestational and lactational periods.

Prostate Cancer Secretome and Membrane Proteome from Conditional Knockout Mice Identify Potential Biomarkers for Disease Progression.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cause of mortality among men. Tumor secretome is a promising strategy for understanding the biology of tumor cells and providing markers for disease progression and patient outcomes. Here, transcriptomic-based secretome analysis was performed on the PCa tumor transcriptome of Genetically Engineered Mouse Model (GEMM) mice to identify potentially secreted and membrane proteins-PSPs and PMPs.

Transcriptomic landscape of male and female reproductive cancers: Similar pathways and molecular signatures predicting response to endocrine therapy.

Reproductive cancers in both genders represent serious health problems, whose incidence has significantly risen over the past decades. Although considerable differences among reproductive cancers exist, we aimed to identify similar signaling pathways and key molecular oncomarkers shared among six human reproductive cancers that can advance the current knowledge of cancer biology to propose new strategies for more effective therapies. Using a computational analysis approach, here we uncover aberrant miRNAs-mRNAs networks shared in six reproductive tumor types, and identify common molecular mechanisms strictly associated with cancer promotion and aggressiveness.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Foods: Biological Effects, Legislation, Occurrence, Analytical Methods, and Strategies to Reduce Their Formation.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are chemical compounds comprised of carbon and hydrogen molecules in a cyclic arrangement. PAHs are associated with risks to human health, especially carcinogenesis. One form of exposure to these compounds is through ingestion of contaminated food, which can occur during preparation and processing involving high temperatures (e.

Increased oxidative stress and cancer biomarkers in the ventral prostate of older rats submitted to maternal malnutrition.

The concept of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) states that exposure to malnutrition early in life increase the incidence of non-communicable chronic diseases throughout the lifespan. In this study, a reduction in serum testosterone and an increase in estrogen levels were shown in older rats born to protein malnourished dams (6% protein in the diet) during gestation and lactation. Intraprostatic levels of reduced glutathione were decreased, while tissue expression of glutathione S-transferase pi and sulfiredoxin-1 were increased in these animals.

Opinion on the Hurdles and Potential Health Benefits in Value-Added Use of Plant Food Processing By-Products as Sources of Phenolic Compounds.

Plant foods, their products and processing by-products are well recognized as important sources of phenolic compounds. Recent studies in this field have demonstrated that food processing by-products are often richer sources of bioactive compounds as compared with their original feedstock. However, their final application as a source of nutraceuticals and bioactives requires addressing certain hurdles and challenges.

Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Common and Emerging Dietary Sources: Occurrence, Applications, and Health Benefits.

Edible oils are the major natural dietary sources of tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively known as tocols. Plant foods with low lipid content usually have negligible quantities of tocols. However, seeds and other plant food processing by-products may serve as alternative sources of edible oils with considerable contents of tocopherols and tocotrienols.

SIKVAV, a laminin alpha1-derived peptide, interacts with integrins and increases protease activity of a human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line through the ERK 1/2 signaling pathway.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a frequently occurring malignant salivary gland neoplasm. We studied the induction of protease activity by the laminin-derived peptide, SIKVAV, in cells (CAC2) derived from this neoplasm. Laminin alpha1 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 were immunolocalized in adenoid cystic carcinoma cells in vivo and in vitro.

Calcium modulates endopeptidase 24.15 (EC 3.4.24.15) membrane association, secondary structure and substrate specificity.

The metalloendopeptidase 24.15 (EP24.15) is ubiquitously present in the extracellular environment as a secreted protein.

Characterization of an endooligopeptidase A-like protein in PC12 cells: activity modulation by cAMP but not by basic fibroblast growth factor.

Endooligopeptidase A is a putative neuropeptide-metabolizing enzyme. It converts small enkephalin-containing peptides into the corresponding enkephalins and inactivates biopeptides such as bradykinin and neurotensin in vitro. We investigated the presence of endooligopeptidase A in PC12 cells.

Secretion of a neuropeptide-metabolizing enzyme similar to endopeptidase 22.19 by glioma C6 cells.

An endopeptidase capable of metabolizing a number of neuropeptides and generating [Met5] and [Leu5] enkephalin from enkephalin-containing peptides is secreted by glioma C6 cells. This neutral endopeptidase that is likely to be a thiol protease, has a Mr of 71KDa and is effective only towards oligopeptides. Its specificity towards neuropeptides is identical to that of soluble endopeptidase 22.