Green Carbon Dots/CaCO/Abamectin Colloidal Pesticide Formulation for Safer and More Effective Pest Management.

An ideal green leaf-deposited pesticide formulation should offer advantages such as good water dispersibility, strong foliar affinity, sustained or controlled release of active ingredients, photostability and rain-fastness, minimal nontarget toxicity, use of nontoxic organic solvents, and degradable adjuvants. In line with this objective, we present green preparation of a colloidal pesticide formulation using optimized lysine-derived carbon dots (LysCDs)-modified CaCO (LysCDs/CaCO) particles as the carrier and abamectin (Abm) as the active ingredient. The loading capacity of abamectin in this colloidal pesticide (LysCDs/CaCO/Abm) is 1.

A New Perspective on Drugs for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Proposals for Better Respiratory Outcomes and Improved Regulatory Pathways.

New drugs for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are emerging rapidly. However, we and others believe these drugs are achieving regulatory approval prematurely. It is the cardiorespiratory complications of DMD that cause the disease's major morbidities and that determine survival.

Exploring urban scenarios of individual residential waste sorting using a spatially explicit agent-based model.

Managing the diverse waste fractions generated by households presents a significant environmental and logistical challenge. One widely adopted solution is waste sorting at the source, where residents are required to separate their waste into designated containers. The success of this strategy depends on the extent of adoption and the behaviour of residents.

Agent based modelling of blood borne viruses: a scoping review.

Background: The models that historically have been used to model infectious disease outbreaks are equation-based and statistical models. However, these models do not capture the impact of individual and social factors that affect the spread of common blood-borne viruses (BBVs) such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Agent-based modelling (ABM) is an alternative modelling approach that is gaining popularity in public health and epidemiology.

Mitigating housing market shocks: an agent-based reinforcement learning approach with implications for real-time decision support.

Research in modelling housing market dynamics using agent-based models (ABMs) has grown due to the rise of accessible individual-level data. This research involves forecasting house prices, analysing urban regeneration, and the impact of economic shocks. There is a trend towards using machine learning (ML) algorithms to enhance ABM decision-making frameworks.

The Use of Arts-Based Methods to Enhance Patient Engagement in Health Research.

Introduction: Patient and care partner engagement in research (PER) is important in generating knowledge to improve healthcare. Arts-based methods (ABM) use art in the research process to share aesthetic knowledge, which is knowledge that may be too complex to share only verbally. Together, PER and ABM are potentially synergistic, as both are participatory, problem-focused, dialogic, and collaborative; yet little is known of the utility of ABM for PER.

Mobility and non-household environments: understanding dengue transmission patterns in urban contexts.

Background: Households (HH) have been traditionally described as the main environments where people are at risk of dengue (and other arbovirus) infection. Mounting entomological evidence has suggested a larger role of environments other than HH in transmission. Recently, an agent-based model (ABM) estimated that over half of infections occur in non-household (NH) environments like workplaces, markets, and recreational sites.

The psychological impact of reopening after COVID-19 lockdowns in China: Threat perception, affect and moral conflict.

COVID-19 reopening of China in the context of the highly transmissible Omicron variant has resulted in an unprecedented wave of infections, placing significant strain on healthcare systems and giving rise to a range of psychological responses, including perceptions of the pandemic's threat, emotional reactions, and prosocial intentions amid moral conflicts over medical resource scarcity and evolving public health responses. This study employed a comprehensive approach integrating surveys, behavioral experiments, and agent-based modeling (ABM) to examine these psychological impacts of COVID-19 reopening. A total of 1,675 participants from 34 Chinese provinces completed the surveys, with 587 also undertaking the reversal-learning task.

What hepatology clinicians and their patients with alcohol-related liver disease think of wearable alcohol biosensors to aid abstinence from alcohol: A qualitative study.

Introduction: We aimed to determine acceptability and feasibility of innovative wearable alcohol biosensor monitors (ABM) for patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and their clinicians.

Methods: Patients and clinicians at a tertiary care centre participated in qualitative interviews on usability, acceptability, feasibility, efficiency/effectiveness, impact of device on behaviour/clinical practice and preferences/barriers. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and coded using a constant comparison method for category themes.

Agent-based modelling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission: a systematic review.

Background: Traditional epidemiological models tend to oversimplify the transmission dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) to replicate observed tuberculosis (TB) epidemic patterns. This has led to growing interest in advanced methodologies like agent-based modelling (ABM), which can more accurately represent the complex heterogeneity of TB transmission.

Vigabatrin-associated brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities and clinical symptoms in infants with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Objective: Previous retrospective studies have reported vigabatrin-associated brain abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (VABAM), although clinical impact is unknown. We evaluated the association between vigabatrin and predefined brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes in a large homogenous tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) cohort and assessed to what extent VABAM-related symptoms were reported in TSC infants.

Methods: The Dutch TSC Registry and the EPISTOP cohort provided retrospective and prospective data from 80 TSC patients treated with vigabatrin (VGB) before the age of 2 years and 23 TSC patients without VGB.

Fabrication and comparison of interlaminar fracture toughness behaviour of glass epoxy composites with recycled milled Kevlar-carbon hybrid fillers.

Current research uses a novel recycled milled carbon (rmCF), recycled milled Kevlar (rmKF), and innovative Hybrid fillers (rmHF) of both to increase glass/epoxy composite laminate delamination resistance. This study examines how crack propagation and fibre orientation affect laminated composite delamination fracture toughness. Recycled milled Fillers in the interlayer increase stiffness, delamination resistance, and fracture toughness by increasing the energy needed to crack the interlaminar domain.

Applying the Andersen behavioral model to the medication therapy management program: an approach for improving medication safety in older adults.

Medication therapy problems (MTPs) are common among older adults and are associated with considerable morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The Medicare Part D Medication Therapy Management (MTM) program, which includes Comprehensive Medication Reviews (CMRs), Targeted Medication Reviews (TMRs), and guidance on safe medication disposal, is designed to optimize therapeutic outcomes and reduce adverse events by addressing MTPs. Although this program has demonstrated success in reducing MTPs, its utilization remains low, with ongoing concerns about service access disparities, patient satisfaction, and long-term health outcomes.

The inflammasome adaptor protein ASC promotes amyloid deposition in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes.

In this Correspondence, P. Pelegrin and colleagues found that the deposition of amyloid in tissues in Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndrome were promoted by the extracellular presence of the inflammasome adaptor protein ASC, opening exciting new directions in clinical practice to obtain a novel therapy towards secondary amyloidosis in inflammasomopathies. [Image: see text]

Unveiling the nexus of scientific plans and real-world outcomes: A comparative analysis of land use optimization and agent-based simulation results in a natural landscape.

Sustainable land management requires balancing the socio-economic needs of local communities with land conservation. Effective land management programs hinge on how well plans align with the demands and actions of land users in natural landscapes. This study aimed to create optimized land use plans for a Jahan-Nama protected area in Iran as the initial step, followed by simulating stakeholder plans and conducting a comparative analysis.

Increased Intracranial Pressure in Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.

Objectives: To assess characteristics of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD).

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective review of 84 MOGAD cases at the University of Florida, Baylor College of Medicine, the University of California San Diego, and Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, to identify cases with a documented increased opening pressure >25 cm H2O. A literature review was conducted to identify previously reported MOGAD cases with an opening pressure >25 cm H2O.

Assessing the Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Exposome Interventions on Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Agent-Based Modeling and Other Data Science Methods for Causal Inference.

The exposome (e.g., totality of environmental exposures) and its role in Alzheimer's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) are increasingly critical areas of study.

Exploring the Role of Genetic and Environmental Features in Colorectal Cancer Development: An Agent-Based Approach.

The complexity of issues in cancer research has led to the introduction of powerful computational tools to help experimental in vivo and in vitro methods. These tools, which typically focus on studying cell behavior and dynamic cell populations, range from systems of differential equations that are solved numerically to lattice models and agent-based simulations. In particular, agent-based models (ABMs) are increasingly used due to their ability to incorporate multi-scale features, ranging from the individual to the population level.

Recipient-Donor Sex Constellation in Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma-An ELTR Study.

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Liver transplantation (LT) is a curative treatment option. We investigated survival outcomes based on recipient-donor sex constellation (RDSC) following LT.

Efficacy and Safety of Novel Twincretin Tirzepatide, a Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, as an Anti-obesity Medicine in Individuals Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

To date, no meta-analysis has analyzed the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide as an anti-obesity medication in individuals without diabetes. This meta-analysis was undertaken to address this knowledge gap. Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving individuals with obesity without diabetes receiving tirzepatide in the intervention arm and placebo in the control arm.

Role of Obeticholic Acid, a Farnesoid X Receptor Agonist, in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Obeticholic acid (OCA) has emerged as a promising drug in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This meta-analysis aimed to analyse the therapeutic effect of OCA on NAFLD. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving patients with NAFLD receiving OCA in the intervention arm and placebo in the control arm were searched throughout the electronic databases.