Quantum Molecular Dynamics Approach to Understanding Interactions in Betaine Chloride and Amino Acid Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents.

The unique properties and versatile applications of natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) have sparked significant interest in the field of green chemistry. Comprised of natural components that form liquids at room temperature through strong noncovalent electrostatic interaction, these solvents are cost-effective, nontoxic, and versatile. Betaine chloride-based NaDES, in particular, have shown promise in biocatalysis and sugar extraction due to their excellent properties.

Assessment of information quality in the largest Danish Facebook group on atopic diseases: a mixed bag of help and harm.

Background: Patient education is an important part of the management of atopic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and asthma. Given the increasing reliance on social media platforms such as Facebook for health-related discourse, there are concerns about the accuracy and quality of the shared information.

Aim: The aim of this study was to categorize and assess the quality of the information shared within the largest Danish Facebook group focusing on atopic diseases.

Motor network reorganization associated with rTMS-induced writing improvement in writer's cramp dystonia.

Background: Writer's cramp (WC) dystonia is an involuntary movement disorder with distributed abnormalities in the brain's motor network. Prior studies established the potential for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to either premotor cortex (PMC) or primary somatosensory cortex (PSC) to modify symptoms. However, clinical effects have been modest with limited understanding of the neural mechanisms hindering therapeutic advancement of this promising approach.

Orofacial cleft research in Nigeria: a bibliometric analysis.

Orofacial cleft (OC) is a group of heterogeneous congenital abnormalities affecting the orofacial region. All over the world, several studies have been conducted on OC. This study aims to analyze OC research outputs in Nigeria.

Assessment of learning abilities and school performance of Sudanese children with epilepsy.

Patients with epilepsy are at significant risk for cognitive impairment and behavioural abnormalities. The aim of this study was to assess the learning abilities and school performance of epileptic children attending Wad Medani Children Teaching Hospital, Gezira State, Sudan. This was a prospective cross-sectional case-control facility-based study.

Neonatal pseudo-hypoaldosteronism type 1 with a novel gene variant.

Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is a rare disorder that mimics congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Renal type A1A of the disorder has a known gene mutation (NR3C2) and parents may be asymptomatic despite biochemical abnormalities. Meticulous interpretation of hormonal and biochemical data, and early liaison with endocrinology and renal teams are key in diagnosis.

A rare mosaic trisomy 22 syndrome in a 7-year-old boy: rare case report.

Trisomy 22 is a rare autosomal constitutional chromosomal disorder with high survival incompatibility being the third most frequent trisomy in spontaneous abortions and accounting for 10%-15% of all cases. Mosaic trisomy 22 is a less severe variant of the disorder associated with mild phenotype and longer lifespan compared to cases with complete trisomy 22. To date, there have only been 25 reported cases of trisomy 22 worldwide.

Presentation and outcome of Alagille syndrome in paediatric patients at State Academic Hospital in South Africa.

Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystem autosomal dominant disorder in which patients may have characteristic facial features and involvement of the liver, heart, vessels, bones, eyes, kidneys and central nervous system. As there is little published data on ALGS in Africa, our aim was to describe the presentation and outcomes of ALGS in South Africa. The study constitutes a retrospective analysis of 25 patient medical records diagnosed as ALGS at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital Pediatric Gastroenterology clinic between January 1992 and January 2020.

Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction: Insights on Prognosis and Future Perspectives.

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) comprises a wide spectrum of structural and/or functional abnormalities of coronary microcirculation that can lead to myocardial ischemia. Emerging evidence has indicated that CMD is a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality and is associated with a high risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction as well as poor quality of life. This review aims to elucidate briefly the pathogenesis and diagnostic modalities of CMD and to shed light on contemporary evidence on the prognostic impact of CMD.

Association of Insomnia, Lipid Profile, and Lipid-Lowering Medications: A Narrative Review.

Sleep is a fundamental phenomenon that helps maintain normal physiological processes. Conversely, sleep disorders, usually presented as insomnia, are a common public health problem that can lead to multiple pathophysiological changes in humans, including lipid metabolic abnormality. Interestingly, several previous studies have examined the potential relation of insomnia to metabolic syndrome and hyperlipidemia and found that insomnia was associated with elevated plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations.

Ventricular Depolarization Abnormalities and Their Role in Cardiac Risk Stratification - A Narrative Review.

Ventricular depolarization refers to the electrical activation and subsequent contraction of the ventricles, visible as the QRS complex on a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). A well-organized and efficient depolarization is critical for cardiac function. Abnormalities in ventricular depolarization may indicate various pathologies and can be present in all leads if the condition is general, or in a subgroup of anatomically contiguous leads if the condition is limited to the corresponding anatomic location of the heart.

Reappraisal of Variants in Cardiovascular Diseases: Uncovering Mechanisms and Future Directions.

Inherited cardiac arrhythmias, which may lead to sudden cardiac death, represent a significant health risk, with genetic factors playing a key role in their development. The ankyrin 2 () gene, encoding ankyrin-B, is implicated in several heritable arrhythmia syndromes. variants have been linked to an inherited condition known as "ankyrin-B syndrome", which manifests as a spectrum of cardiac arrhythmias and cardiomyopathy.

Rapidly Progressing Secondary Organizing Pneumonia in a Case of Systemic Sclerosis Sine Scleroderma - A Diagnostic Urgency: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Systemic sclerosis sine (latin: without) scleroderma (ssSSc), also called visceral scleroderma, is characterized by internal organ involvement and abnormal serologic abnormalities in the complete or partial absence of cutaneous manifestations of systemic sclerosis.1,2 Pulmonary involvement in scleroderma consists of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension. Usual interstitial pneumonia (45.

Spontaneous Splenic Rupture Leading to the Diagnosis of CML.

Background: Spontaneous splenic rupture (SSR) is a known complication of hematologic malignancy. Rare cases have been reported in which patients presented with SSR prior to diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We present a case of atraumatic SSR due to CML presenting as persistent abdominal pain.

Incidence of Tooth-related Soft Tissue and Intraosseous Pathologies in Pediatric Population: A Retrospective Analysis of 3,398 Cases.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of tooth-related, soft tissue, and intraosseous pathologies in the pediatric population (0-17 years) in a South Indian dental teaching institution and to compare the results with previous literature.

Materials And Methods: Clinical data from the pedodontics department and histopathological records from the oral pathology department were analyzed from the year 2010 to 2022 and grouped into two major categories: group I, abnormalities of teeth, and group II, intraosseous and mucosal/soft tissue lesions. The data were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, and descriptive analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 26.

Prevalence and Correlation of Lip Shapes and Arch Forms in Primary Dentition of Children between 3-6 Years of Age: A Cross-sectional Study.

Aims And Background: The study of the morphology of soft tissues as well as hard tissues of the orofacial region holds prime importance. A very less information is known about the lips (soft tissues) and maxillo-mandibular arches (hard tissue structures) in primary dentition. Henceforth, there is a need to classify, find the prevalence and correlation of various lip shapes, and arch forms in primary dentition.

Chronic Cough, Dyspnea, and a Novel CCDC39 Variant: A Case Report of Heterotaxy Syndrome Without Cardiac Anomalies and Associated Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.

Heterotaxy syndrome is characterized by abnormal left-right arrangement of thoracoabdominal organs and is frequently associated with complex cardiac anomalies. However, cases with predominant extracardiac manifestations are increasingly recognized. This report describes a 20-year-old female of North African descent with consanguineous parentage, who presented with chronic cough and exertional dyspnea persisting over several years.

Corneal Confocal and Specular Microscopic Characteristics in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: An Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)-Based Case-Control Study.

Background: Glaucoma, particularly open-angle glaucoma (OAG), is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, associated with optic nerve damage, retinal ganglion cell death, and visual field defects. Corneal biomechanical properties and cellular components, such as corneal nerve and keratocyte densities assessed by in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), may serve as biomarkers for glaucoma progression. This study aimed to explore the relationship between corneal nerve parameters, keratocyte density, and optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and controls.

Clinical and Hematological Characteristics of Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Evaluation of the Therapeutic Response to Vitamin B12 Supplementation.

Background Vitamin B12 deficiency, or cobalamin deficiency, is common among populations with low consumption of animal-based products, mainly in India, due to religious and socioeconomic factors, which significantly increase the deficiency rate. The condition has been characterized by a wide range of clinical and hematological symptoms, mainly affecting the blood and nervous system. This study aims to assess the clinical and hematological characteristics of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and assess the therapeutic response to supplementation with vitamin B12.

Rethinking Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) Pain: The Role of Lemmel Syndrome in Biliary Obstruction.

Lemmel syndrome involves a periampullary duodenal diverticulum (PAD), a pouch-like outpouching near the ampulla of Vater, compressing the common bile duct. We describe a case of severe abdominal pain in a patient who had a large periampullary diverticulum, managed with surgical intervention after an initial failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). An elderly female patient in her early 90s arrived at the emergency department with severe cramping pain localized to the right upper quadrant of her abdomen, progressively intensifying over several weeks.

Association Between Trauma-Induced Vertebral Fractures and Motor Weakness in Patients With Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis.

Background Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is an age-related condition involving abnormal ossification of soft tissues, including ligaments and joint capsules. Patients with DISH have an increased risk of fractures, especially in ankylosed spines, which increases susceptibility to spinal cord injury. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for neurological symptoms in patients with DISH-related fractures.

Neurotherapeutic impact of vanillic acid and ibudilast on the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects 2.8 million people worldwide. Although the cause is unknown, various risk factors might be involved.

Genomic analysis reveals hidden species diversity in Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae).

Genomic analysis of [Fabricius], 1807 (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae Grote, 1895) reveals species richness higher than anticipated. As a result, one subgenus, 22 species, and one subspecies are proposed as new (type species or type localities in parenthesis): Grishin, ( Prittwitz, 1865), () Grishin, (Peru: Rio Pachitea, Monte Alegre), () Grishin, (Guyana: Cuyuni-Mazaruni), () Grishin, (Brazil: Santa Catarina), () Grishin, (Panama: Darién), () Grishin, (Ecuador: Santo Domingo), () Grishin, (Peru: Cuzco), () Grishin, (Panama: Chiriquí), () Grishin, (Mexico: Tamaulipas), () Grishin, (Mexico: Nuevo León), () Grishin, (Argentina: Salta), () Grishin, (Peru: Piura), () Grishin, (Bolivia: La Paz), () Grishin, (Mexico: Sonora), () Grishin, (Peru: Madre de Dios), () Grishin, (Bolivia: La Paz), () Grishin, (Mexico: Chiapas), () Grishin, (Panama: Darién), () Grishin, (Panama: Darién), () Grishin, (Panama: Darién), () Grishin, (Panama: Panamá), () Grishin, (Peru: Cuzco), () Grishin, (Brazil: São Paulo), and () Grishin, (Brazil: Paraná). The following five taxa are (not subspecies): () Schaus, 1928, (not () (Linnaeus, 1767)), () Stichel, 1910, (not () Westwood, 1851), () Stichel, 1929, (not () Godman and Salvin, 1886), () R.

The Varying Histology of Hepatic Sarcoidosis and the Relation of Bile Duct Damage and Loss to the Presence of Portal Hypertension and Cirrhosis.

Background And Aims: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by nonnecrotizing granulomas. Studies suggest 20%-70% of patients with sarcoidosis have abnormal liver chemistries or abdominal imaging. Hepatic sarcoidosis may be complicated by portal hypertension (portal HTN) with or without cirrhosis.

Enhancing the Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance Signal of Organic Molecular Qubits.

In quantum information science and sensing, electron spins are often purified into a specific polarization through an optical-spin interface, a process known as optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). Diamond-NV centers and transition metals are both excellent platforms for these so-called color centers, while metal-free molecular analogues are also gaining popularity for their extended polarization lifetimes, milder environmental impacts, and reduced costs. In our earlier attempt at designing such organic high-spin π-diradicals, we proposed to spin-polarize by shelving triplet = ±1 populations as singlets.