[Clinical characteristics and pharmacological treatment of patients with heart failure in a primary health care cohort].

Objective: To characterise patients with heart failure (HF) in Primary Health Care (PHC) and describe their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and pharmacological treatment.

Design: Descriptive cohort study. SITE: Information System for the Development of Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP), which captures information from the electronic health records of PHC of the Catalan Institute of Health (approximately 80% of the Catalan population).

Association of Antihypertensive and Statin Medication Usage With Postoperative Stiffness After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and statins may be able to modulate postoperative stiffness, a major cause of morbidity after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (aRCR).

Purpose: To determine whether there is an association between ACEi, ARB, or statin usage and stiffness after aRCR.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Association between choroidal microvasculature in the eye and Alzheimer's disease risk in cognitively healthy mid-life adults: A pilot study.

Introduction: We explored associations between measurements of the ocular choroid microvasculature and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk.

Methods: We measured the choroidal vasculature appearing in optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans of 69 healthy, mid-life individuals in the PREVENT Dementia cohort. The cohort was prospectively split into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups based on the presence of known risk factors (apolipoprotein E [] ε4 genotype and family history of dementia [FH]).

Oxidised Apolipoprotein Peptidome Characterises Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Background: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) encompasses a spectrum of histological conditions ranging from simple steatosis to fibrosing steatohepatitis, and is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). While oxidised apolipoproteins A and B have been linked to obesity and CVD, the association between other oxidised apolipoproteins and MASLD is yet to be established. To fill this gap, we characterised the circulating serum peptidome of patients with MASLD.

Humanized Candida and NanoBiT Assays Expedite Discovery of Bdf1 Bromodomain Inhibitors With Antifungal Potential.

The fungal Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) protein Bdf1 is a potential antifungal target against invasive fungal infections. However, the need to selectively inhibit both Bdf1 bromodomains (BDs) over human orthologs and the lack of molecular tools to assess on-target antifungal efficacy hamper efforts to develop Bdf1 BD inhibitors as antifungal therapeutics. This study reports a phenyltriazine compound that inhibits both Bdf1 BDs from the human fungal pathogen Candida glabrata with selectivity over the orthologous BDs from the human BET protein Brd4.

Estimation of light utilisation and antioxidative protection in an alpine plant species (Soldanella alpina L.) during the leaf life cycle at high elevation.

Photosynthesis, electron transport to carbon assimilation, photorespiration and alternative electron transport, light absorption of the two photosystems, antioxidative protection and pigment contents were investigated in S. alpina leaves. S.

Chemistry, manufacturing and controls strategies for using novel excipients in lipid nanoparticles.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for nucleic acid delivery often use novel lipids as functional excipients to modulate the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and efficacy of the nucleic acid. Novel excipients used in pharmaceutical products are subject to heightened regulatory scrutiny and often require data packages comparable to an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Although these regulatory requirements may help to ensure patient safety they also create economic and procedural barriers that can disincentivize innovation and delay clinical investigation.

Investigative genetic genealogy practices warranting policy attention: Results of a modified policy Delphi.

A technique known as investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) was first introduced to criminal investigations in 2018, and it has since been used by U.S. law enforcement to help identify hundreds of criminal perpetrators and unidentified human remains.

Epigenetic Regulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension.

Access to excess dietary sodium has heightened the risk of cardiovascular diseases, particularly affecting individuals with salt sensitivity of blood pressure. Our research indicates that innate antigen-presenting immune cells contribute to rapid blood pressure increases in response to excess sodium intake. Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic reprogramming, with subsequent transcriptional and metabolic changes, of innate immune cells allows these cells to have a sustained response to repetitive stimuli.

Accompaniment of isolated people by volunteers from the neighborhood (ACOMPANYEM). A community trial with a nested qualitative study.

Introduction: Social prescription targets people with social isolation or unwanted loneliness and offers them community activities to improve their emotional well-being. Disabled homebound people cannot access social-health community assets. Neighborhood volunteers may accompany them at home or walk them outdoors.

Antagonisation of Prokineticin Receptor-2 Attenuates Preeclampsia Symptoms.

Preeclampsia (PE) is the most threatening pathology of human pregnancy. Placenta from PE patients releases harmful factors that contribute to the exacerbation of the disease. Among these factors is the prokineticin1 (PROK1) and its receptor, PROKR2 that we identified as a mediators of PE.

Brain aging rejuvenation factors in adults with genetic and sporadic neurodegenerative disease.

The largest risk factor for dementia is age. Heterochronic blood exchange studies have uncovered age-related blood factors that demonstrate 'pro-aging' or 'pro-youthful' effects on the mouse brain. The clinical relevance and combined effects of these factors for humans is unclear.

Clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of X-linked hypophosphataemia.

X-linked hypophosphataemia (XLH) is a rare metabolic bone disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the PHEX gene, which is predominantly expressed in osteoblasts, osteocytes and odontoblasts. XLH is characterized by increased synthesis of the bone-derived phosphaturic hormone fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which results in renal phosphate wasting with consecutive hypophosphataemia, rickets, osteomalacia, disproportionate short stature, oral manifestations, pseudofractures, craniosynostosis, enthesopathies and osteoarthritis. Patients with XLH should be provided with multidisciplinary care organized by a metabolic bone expert.

Structural basis of Spliced Leader RNA recognition by the Trypanosoma brucei cap-binding complex.

Kinetoplastids are a clade of eukaryotic protozoans that include human parasitic pathogens like trypanosomes and Leishmania species. In these organisms, protein-coding genes are transcribed as polycistronic pre-mRNAs, which need to be processed by the coupled action of trans-splicing and polyadenylation to yield monogenic mature mRNAs. During trans-splicing, a universal RNA sequence, the spliced leader RNA (SL RNA) mini-exon, is added to the 5'-end of each mRNA.

[Teaching Concept Hanover : Digitally integrated teaching for medical students at the University Clinic for Ophthalmology of the Hanover Medical School].

Background: Challenges in practice-oriented teaching at university clinics are increasing. A lack of resources contrasts a growing number of students. Digital lectures, seminars, and blended-learning concepts enable resource-efficient and effective teaching in ophthalmology.

Ultrasound-guided needle positioning confirmation with injection of saline solution for nodal dynamic contrast-enhanced MR-lymphangiography in pediatric patients.

Purpose: To assess the success rate of confirmation of ultrasound-guided intranodal needle positioning by saline injection for dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance lymphangiography (DCMRL) in pediatric patients.

Material And Methods: Data from children undergoing nodal DCMRL after ultrasound-guided needle positioning into inguinal lymph nodes and validation of the needle position by injection of plain saline solution between 05/2020 and 12/2022 were reviewed. On injection of saline solution, adequate needle position was confirmed by lymph node distension without leakage.

Enhancing NK cell-mediated tumor killing of B7-H6 cells with bispecific antibodies targeting allosteric sites of NKp30.

In this work, we report the discovery and engineering of allosteric variable domains of the heavy chain (VHHs) derived from camelid immunization targeting NKp30, an activating receptor on natural killer (NK) cells. The aim was to enhance NK cell-mediated killing capacities by identifying VHHs that do not compete with the natural ligand of NKp30:B7-H6, thereby maximizing the recognition of B7-H6 tumor cells. By relying on the DuoBody technology, bispecific therapeutic antibodies were engineered, creating a panel of bispecific antibodies against NKp30xEGFR (cetuximab moiety) or NKp30xHER2 (trastuzumab moiety), called natural killer cell engagers (NKCEs).

A Machine Learning Model Using Cardiac CT and MRI Data Predicts Cardiovascular Events in Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

Background Multimodality imaging is essential for personalized prognostic stratification in suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Machine learning (ML) methods can help address this complexity by incorporating a broader spectrum of variables. Purpose To investigate the performance of an ML model that uses both stress cardiac MRI and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) data to predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with newly diagnosed CAD.

Creating a national breastfeeding and lactation policy for Canadian surgical residents.

Background: Despite known benefits of breastfeeding and challenges medical trainees face lactating at work, research specific to Canadian surgical trainees is lacking. Our objectives were to examine existing breastfeeding and lactation policies, query experiences and opinions of surgical trainees and program directors, and propose a comprehensive policy for programs nation-wide.

Methods: A multi-disciplinary team developed this two-part study.

Catalytic reduction of imines with silylformates: Formation of silyl carbamates through CO2 insertion.

Silylformates are emerging surrogates of hydrosilanes, able to reduce carbonyl groups in transfer hydrosilylation reactions, with the concomitant release of CO2. In this work, a new reactivity is revealed for silylformates, in the presence of imines. Using ruthenium catalysts, and lithium iodide as a co-catalyst, imines are shown to undergo hydrocarboxysilylation by formal insertion of CO2 to the N-Si bond of silyl amine to yield silyl carbamates in excellent yields.

Prevalence of processed foods in major US grocery stores.

The offering of grocery stores is a strong driver of consumer decisions. While highly processed foods such as packaged products, processed meat and sweetened soft drinks have been increasingly associated with unhealthy diets, information on the degree of processing characterizing an item in a store is not straightforward to obtain, limiting the ability of individuals to make informed choices. GroceryDB, a database with over 50,000 food items sold by Walmart, Target and Whole Foods, shows the degree of processing of food items and potential alternatives in the surrounding food environment.

Defining proteoform-specific interactions for drug targeting in a native cell signalling environment.

Understanding the dynamics of membrane protein-ligand interactions within a native lipid bilayer is a major goal for drug discovery. Typically, cell-based assays are used, however, they are often blind to the effects of protein modifications. In this study, using the archetypal G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin, we found that the receptor and its effectors can be released directly from retina rod disc membranes using infrared irradiation in a mass spectrometer.

A broad spectrum Shigella vaccine based on VirG multiepitope region produced in a cell-free system.

Dysentery caused by Shigella species remains a major health threat to children in low- and middle-income countries. There is no vaccine available. The most advanced candidates, i.