No Difference in the Rates of Unplanned Return to the Operating Room Between Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods and Traditional Growth Friendly Surgery for Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Background: Early-onset scoliosis (EOS) is common in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The effectiveness of magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) and the risk for unplanned return to the operating room (UPROR) remain to be studied in this patient population. The primary outcome of this study was to examine the frequency of UPROR between MCGRs as compared with traditional growth friendly (TGF) surgeries for children with EOS secondary to CP.

Risk factors for gastrointestinal complications after spinal fusion in children with cerebral palsy.

Design: Prospective cerebral palsy (CP) registry review.

Objectives: (1) Evaluate the incidence/risk factors of gastrointestinal (GI) complications in CP patients after spinal fusion (SF); and (2) investigate the validity of the modified Clavien-Dindo-Sink classification.

Background: Perioperative GI complications result in increased length of stay (LOS) and patient morbidity/mortality.

Maternal steroid therapy for fetuses with second-degree immune-mediated congenital atrioventricular block: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of maternal fluorinated steroid therapy on fetuses affected by second-degree immune-mediated congenital atrioventricular block.

Material And Methods: Studies reporting the outcome of fetuses with second-degree immune-mediated congenital atrioventricular block diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound and treated with fluorinated steroids compared with those not treated were included. The primary outcome was the overall progression of congenital atrioventricular block to either continuous or intermittent third-degree congenital atrioventricular block at birth.

Sagittal Spinopelvic Parameters of Young Children With Scoliosis.

Study Design: Retrospective, multicenter review of the spinopelvic parameters in young children with scoliosis.

Objectives: To describe sagittal alignment of the spine and pelvis in young children with scoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: The natural history of spinopelvic parameters has been defined for the first 10 years of life in normal children; however, they have not been described for children with scoliosis.

What pediatric residents should learn (or what pediatricians should know) about congenital heart disease.

Technologic advances in the care of children with congenital heart disease have resulted in improved care, younger ages at completion of treatment, and improved outcomes. A gap between what the pediatrician needs to do to identify a child with congenital heart disease and the specialized care provided by a cardiologist has developed over time. This has altered physician roles and the training needs for general pediatricians.

Hypophyseal-pituitary-adrenal axis in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases.

This article discusses the effects of sex steroids and anterior pituitary hormones on the immune system. Data from clinical and experimental studies on the effects of CRH, FSH, LH, and prolactin are reviewed. This is followed by a summary of results from our studies on the effects of FSH, LH, and prolactin on PBMC, CD4+ cells, and CD8+ cells in vitro.

The role of subacute rehabilitation services after brain injury.

Subacute rehabilitation is increasingly being used as a treatment option in the continuum of care. What constitutes subacute rehabilitation has not been uniformly defined. Therefore, considerable variability exists in subacute rehabilitation programs.

Ultrafast protein determinations using microwave enhancement.

We present here microwave-based modifications of standard protein assays that dramatically reduce the time required to determine protein concentrations. Typical protein determinations involve incubation times ranging from 15-60 min. Microwave irradiation of specimens reduces this time requirement to 10-20 s without compromising accuracy or reliability.

Effects of different techniques of endotracheal epinephrine administration in pediatric porcine hypoxic-hypercarbic cardiopulmonary arrest.

Objective: To compare three endotracheal epinephrine instillation techniques in a pediatric porcine hypoxic-hypercarbic cardiopulmonary arrest model.

Design: Prospective, randomized, laboratory comparison of three instillation techniques.

Setting: Large animal research facility at a children's hospital.

Inspiratory-cycle instillation of endotracheal epinephrine in porcine arrest.

Objective: To compare timed inspiratory-cycle endotracheal (ET) instillation of epinephrine (EPI) with instillation during apnea during CPR.

Methods: Prospective randomized laboratory comparison of two ET-EPI instillation techniques in 24 preadolescent anesthetized and paralyzed Yucatan swine (mean weight 10.3 +/- 1.

Ultrasound screening of high-risk infants. A method to increase early detection of congenital dysplasia of the hip.

Congenital dysplasia of the hip (CDH) continues to be missed by routine physical screening examinations in the early months when treatment is most effective. Real-time ultrasonography (US) is valuable in the detection of CDH in the young infant. We performed a prospective study to evaluate one US screening strategy that targets a select "high-risk newborn" population at risk for CDH aiming to increase the early diagnosis of this condition.

The management of trigger thumb in children.

Trigger thumb in children is an uncommon condition. We reviewed 41 patients with 53 trigger thumbs. Although the current accepted approach to the treatment of congenital trigger thumbs is a prolonged period of observation, our findings indicate that all of our patients eventually required surgical release of the flexor pollicis longus tendon.

Generalized learning of receptive and expressive action-object responses by language-delayed preschoolers.

This study examined the effectiveness of matrix-training procedures in teaching action + object utterances in both the receptive and expressive language modalities. The subjects were 4 developmentally delayed preschool boys who failed to produce spontaneous, functional two-word utterances. A multiple baseline design across responses with a multiple probe technique was employed.