Voagafries A-E, undescribed indole alkaloids with anti-glioma activity from Voacanga africana.

Voagafries A-E, five undescribed monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), were isolated from the stem bark of Voacanga africana. Voagafrie A (1) has a unique 6/5/5/6/6 spiral ring skeleton with an indolone-fused 9-oxo-3-aza-tricyclo[6,3,1,0]-12-alkane-10-carbonyllactone. Voagafrie B (2) is a rare 5,6-seco diazine scaffold, whereas voagafrie C (3) possesses an octahydropyrrolo[2,3-b] pyrrole-fused 2,8-diazabicyclo[3.

Canopy openness rather than tree species determines atmospheric deposition into forests.

Atmospheric nutrient deposition plays a crucial role in supplying nutrients to forests on poor soils, making it a key factor in maintaining nutrient stocks and forest productivity. We compared total atmospheric deposition in production forests of European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) by measuring bulk deposition and throughfall while accounting for canopy exchange. We assessed the differences in total deposition resulting from forest management practices such as high-thinning, shelterwood and clearcutting, on forest structure for both macronutrients and micronutrients in areas exposed to high nutrient deposition.

Preterm birth in assisted reproduction: the mediating role of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

Study Question: To what extent can hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) explain the higher risk of preterm birth following frozen embryo transfer (frozen-ET) and fresh embryo transfer (fresh-ET) in ART compared with naturally conceived pregnancies?

Summary Answer: HDP did not contribute to the higher risk of preterm birth in pregnancies after fresh-ET but mediated 20.7% of the association between frozen-ET and preterm birth.

What Is Known Already: Risk of preterm birth is higher after ART compared to natural conception.

Hypusination in intestinal epithelial cells protects mice from infectious colitis.

Enteropathogenic (EPEC) is a bacterium that causes attaching/effacing (A/E) lesions and serious diarrheal disease, a major health issue in developing countries. EPEC pathogenicity results from the effect of virulence factors and dysregulation of host responses. Polyamines, including spermidine, play a major role in intestinal homeostasis.

Repair Fails More Frequently Than Reconstruction in Acute Posterolateral Corner Knee Injuries: A Systematic Review of Outcomes Following Surgical Management.

Purpose: To synthesize the current literature on posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction and repair, focusing on a comparison of surgical techniques and outcomes based on injury chronicity in the setting of sports-related ligament tears.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature, including queries of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, was performed in March 2024. Studies were included if they were of Level IV evidence or greater, reported PLC reconstruction or repair outcomes, and had a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Cognition in patients with mild autonomous cortisol secretion at baseline and post-adrenalectomy.

Objectives: The impact of mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) on cognition is incompletely characterized. We aimed to assess cognition in patients with MACS, identify factors associated with lower cognition, and determine the impact of adrenalectomy on cognition.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study (4/2019 to 10/2022) and a longitudinal cohort study (10/2021 to 9/2023) of adults with MACS and referent subjects.

Established populations of Ixodes silvanus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Chaco Serrano, Argentina.

The aim of the study was to report the occurrence of Ixodes silvanus outside its distribution range, in the Chaco Serrano vegetation unit of the Chaco Phytogeographic Province, central Argentina. Ticks were collected from vegetation and on birds between November 2021 and December 2023. A possible seasonal activity was observed in the immature stages of I.

Development, deployment, and continuous monitoring of a machine learning model to predict respiratory failure in critically ill patients.

Objectives: This study describes the development and deployment of a machine learning (ML) model called Vent.io to predict mechanical ventilation (MV).

Materials And Methods: We trained Vent.

Yogurt with cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.) petals as a source of antioxidant compounds and dietary fiber: physicochemical and spectroscopic research during storage.

An extensive study was undertaken using the petals of cornflower (Centaurea cyanus (Cyani flos)) flowers in yogurt production as a source of dietary fiber and antioxidant compounds, and as a natural dye, taking into account a 21-d refrigerated storage period. An additional aim of the study was to use cornflower petals in natural form rather than an extract. Four forms of cornflower petals: fresh, dried, frozen, and freeze-dried, were tested.

Multimodal Longitudinal Optical Imaging Reveals Optic Neuritis Preceding Retinal Pathology in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Background And Objectives: Inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS, chief among them multiple sclerosis (MS), are a major cause of disability in young adults. Early manifestations of MS commonly involve visual dysfunction, which is often caused by optic neuritis and is accompanied by quantifiable structural changes of the anterior visual pathway. Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) has emerged as an important tool for clinical assessment of these structural alterations, but the underlying pathobiological mechanisms and temporal dynamics are yet poorly understood at a cellular level.

Voice Analysis as a Method for Preoperatively Predicting a Difficult Airway Based on Machine Learning Algorithms: Original Research Report.

Background And Aims: An unanticipated difficult airway is one of the greatest challenges for anesthesiologists. Proper preoperative airway assessment is crucial to reducing complications. However, current screening tests based on anthropometric features are of uncertain benefit.

Dysregulation of MMP2-dependent TGF-ß2 activation impairs fibrous cap formation in type 2 diabetes-associated atherosclerosis.

Type 2 diabetes is associated with cardiovascular disease, possibly due to impaired vascular fibrous repair. Yet, the mechanisms are elusive. Here, we investigate alterations in the fibrous repair processes in type 2 diabetes atherosclerotic plaque extracellular matrix by combining multi-omics from the human Carotid Plaque Imaging Project cohort and functional studies.

Acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children: evidence for and against causal relationships with SARS-CoV-2, HAdv and AAV2.

Background: The cause of acute paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology (2022) has not been established despite extensive investigation.

Objective: To summarise the evidence for and against a causal role for human adenovirus (HAdv), adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV-2) and SARS-CoV-2 in outbreaks of paediatric hepatitis in 2022.

Methods: We appraised and summarised relevant evidence for each of the Bradford Hill criteria for causality using quantitative (statistical modelling) and qualitative (narrative coherence) approaches.

The effect of visual acuity measurement on triage effectiveness in an ophthalmic emergency department.

Purpose: The effect of pre-triage visual acuity (VA) measurement on triage accuracy in a busy ophthalmic casualty department was investigated as a possible means to improve triage quality.

Methods: All 576 patients attending the accident and emergency department (A&E) at the Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre (BMEC) over a period of 4 days were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. Patients were assigned to two groups: those who underwent a VA measurement prior to triage (n = 242) and a control group who did not have a VA measurement (n = 234).

Spirolones A-E, five spiroketals from a productive saline soil derived .

Background: In recent decades, spiroketals which features with two rings joined by a spiro atom, have stimulated a great deal of researches for their diverse significant biological activities. Fungi are proved to be key reservoirs of structurally unique chemical skeletons. Up to date, [6,6]-spiroketals from fungal strains are still sporadically reported.

Accuracy of Outsourced Radiology Reports in Emergency Surgical Care: Do They Provide a High-Quality, Cost-Effective Service?

Background Computed tomography (CT) scans play a crucial role in emergency surgical care, serving both diagnostic and prognostic functions. They significantly contribute to timely and effective patient care. This study aims to compare abdominal CT scan reports prepared by locally employed radiologists with those from outsourced radiology reporting services for patients presenting with acute surgical conditions.

Discovery and Chemical Exploration of Spiro[Benzofuran-3,3'-Pyrroles] Derivatives as Innovative FLT3 Inhibitors for Targeting Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Aims: This study aimed at the synthesis of several spiro[benzofuran-3,3'-pyrroles] derivatives by a three-component reaction conducted by mixing DMAD, N-bridgehead het-erocycles, and benzofuran-2,3-diones in dichloromethane at room temperature for 24 h. Moreover, in vitro evaluation of their cytotoxicity affinities against FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 was carried out.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to use a one-pot, three-component reaction to synthesize a novel set of spiro[benzofuran-3,3'-pyrroles] derivatives.

Let's (P-s)talk about specialized ribosomes.

In a recent study in Cell, Dopler et al. show that a subpopulation of P-stalk-containing ribosomes (PSRs) are generated following exposure to cytokines, and the data suggest that PSRs are central mediators of translational reprogramming during the cytokine- and immune-response.

Cell Painting: a decade of discovery and innovation in cellular imaging.

Modern quantitative image analysis techniques have enabled high-throughput, high-content imaging experiments. Image-based profiling leverages the rich information in images to identify similarities or differences among biological samples, rather than measuring a few features, as in high-content screening. Here, we review a decade of advancements and applications of Cell Painting, a microscopy-based cell-labeling assay aiming to capture a cell's state, introduced in 2013 to optimize and standardize image-based profiling.

Serum concentrations of different or multiple vitamins and Sarcopenia risk among US adults: insights from NHANES.

Background: The relationship between serum concentrations of different or multiple vitamins and sarcopenia remains underexplored. This investigation evaluates potential links between serum concentrations of different or multiple vitamins and sarcopenia prevalence among adults in the United States.

Methods: Utilizing a cross-sectional design, this research draws from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset of 2003-2006, encompassing 5,060 participants with comprehensive serum vitamin A, E, B9, B12, C, and D concentrations, alongside sarcopenia and covariate measurements.

Probabilistic weather forecasting with machine learning.

Weather forecasts are fundamentally uncertain, so predicting the range of probable weather scenarios is crucial for important decisions, from warning the public about hazardous weather to planning renewable energy use. Traditionally, weather forecasts have been based on numerical weather prediction (NWP), which relies on physics-based simulations of the atmosphere. Recent advances in machine learning (ML)-based weather prediction (MLWP) have produced ML-based models with less forecast error than single NWP simulations.