Chronic viral mimicry induction following p53 loss promotes immune evasion.

Epigenetic therapies facilitate transcription of immunogenic repetitive elements that cull cancer cells through 'viral mimicry' responses. Paradoxically, cancer-initiating events also facilitate transcription of repetitive elements. Contributions of repetitive element transcription towards cancer initiation, and the mechanisms by which cancer cells evade lethal viral mimicry responses during tumor initiation remain poorly understood.

Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma in Pediatric Patients: An International Collaborative Study.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a rare malignant tumor, frequently affects pediatric patients, with 35%-40% occurring in the head and neck. This study analyzes the clinicopathologic profile of pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas from Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa.

Methods: We reviewed 44 cases from 10 Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology services, conducting immunohistochemical analyses of desmin, myogenin, Myo-D1, and Ki67, with quantification via QuPath software.

Clinical impact of healthcare-associated infections in Brazilian ICUs: a multicenter prospective cohort.

Background: Limited data is available to evaluate the burden of device associated healthcare infections (HAI) [central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP)] in low and-middle-income countries. Our aim is to investigate the population attributable mortality fraction and the absolute mortality difference of HAI in a broad population of critically ill patients from Brazil.

Methods: Multicenter cohort study from September 2019 to December 2023 with prospective individual patient data collection.

Invasive cervical root resorption in a cancer patient: A rare case report with 2 years of follow-up and literature review.

Introduction: Cases involving invasive cervical root resorption (ICRR) in oncological patients are rare, in addition, follow-up of these patients has not yet been reported in the literature.

Objective: This study aims to present a literature review and report a case of denosumab as a possible cause of ICRR in a patient with breast cancer with 2 years of follow-up.

Case Report: A 39-year-old female with a history of luminal breast cancer was treated with denosumab semiannually for osteopenia with discontinuation 1 year ago.

Prion protein regulates invasiveness in glioblastoma stem cells.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor driven by glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), which represent an appealing target for therapeutic interventions. The cellular prion protein (PrP), a scaffold protein involved in diverse cellular processes, interacts with various membrane and extracellular matrix molecules, influencing tumor biology. Herein, we investigate the impact of PrP expression on GBM.

Prognostic Factors in Head and Neck Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 3052 Patients in Brazil.

Objective: Evaluate the sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics at head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) diagnosis and their impact on overall survival (OS) across different anatomical sites.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study (2011-2021) at Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, involving 3052 HNSCC patients. Survival analyses utilized the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals, incorporating significant variables from univariate analysis.

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Elderly Patients in a Latin American Country: Analysis of 11 Year of Data from the Brazilian Registry SBTMO/CIBMTR.

This study analyzed recent changes in the utilization of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and myeloproliferative diseases (MPDs) and the survival of HCT recipients ≥60 years of age in Brazil. This retrospective registry study included patients who received a first allogeneic HCT from any donor between 2012 and 2023. Of the 6657 patients, 444 (7%) were 60 years of age or older who received grafts from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched related (42%) or unrelated (20%) donors or HLA-haploidentical donors (32%).

Cervical cancer in young women: Does age impact survival in cervical cancer?

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the oncology outcomes in cervical cancer patients aged 25 years or younger and compare them with those in older patients.

Methods: Cervical cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups: young patients (≤25 years) and older patients (>25 years). For each young patient, two controls were selected from the database of cervical cancer patients aged over 25 years, matched by FIGO stage, treatment, and histologic type.

Computed tomography-guided percutaneous biopsy of subcentimeter lung noduless.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic success rate and complications of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous biopsy in pulmonary nodules < 10 mm in diameter.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study involving the review of medical records, images, and chest CT reports related to 115 patients who underwent percutaneous CT-guided biopsy of < 10 mm pulmonary nodules between July 2015 and January 2019.

Results: Nodule diameter on the longest axis ranged from 4 mm to 9 mm, with a mean size of 7.

Differences in the relative importance of predictors of short- and long-term mortality among critically ill patients with cancer.

Objective: To identify the relative importance of several clinical variables present at intensive care unit admission on the short- and long-term mortality of critically ill patients with cancer after unplanned intensive care unit admission.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with cancer with unplanned intensive care unit admission from January 2017 to December 2018. We developed models to analyze the relative importance of well-known predictors of mortality in patients with cancer admitted to the intensive care unit compared with mortality at 28, 90, and 360 days after intensive care unit admission, both in the full cohort and stratified by the type of cancer when the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit.

Scientific output and organizational characteristics in Brazilian intensive care units: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Objective: To examine the associations between the scientific output of Brazilian intensive care units and their organizational characteristics.

Methods: This study is a re-analysis of a previous retrospective cohort that evaluated organizational intensive care unit characteristics and their associations with outcomes. We analyzed data from 93 intensive care units across Brazil.

Impact of Exogenous on the Gut Microbiome of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients Colonized by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: An Observational Study.

can inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and modulate the gut microbiome. However, data on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are scarce. In an observational study, we assessed the impact of on the modulation of the gut microbiome in HSCT patients colonized by MDROs.

Knockdown Enhances Oral Cancer Cell Chemosensitivity to Cisplatin via Decreased Expression.

Emerging evidence suggests that aberrant expression levels of Sigma1 (, also known as sigma-1 receptor) have been implicated in the progression of various diseases, including cancer. However, its significance in oral cancer (OC) has not been thoroughly explored. To advance in this field, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of knockdown in oral cancer cells.

Endodontic Treatment in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: This study investigated the implications of root canal treatment (RCT) of infected teeth with apical periodontitis (AP) in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: One hundred patients were selected. Clinical data, oncologic and endodontic diagnosis and treatment, and type of HSCT were recorded.

FIGO 2023 staging for endometrial cancer, when, if it is not now?

Incorporation of pathological and (not mandatory) molecular features into the new FIGO 2023 staging system has generated some controversy. Several validations have been published recently that demonstrated the higher prognostic precision of FIGO 2023 compared to the previous FIGO 2009 scheme. In the present article, the authors want to respond to some concerns that were raised by some pathologists and clinicians.

Presence and extent of lymphovascular invasion in surgical stage I squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: a comprehensive, international, multicentre, retrospective clinicopathological study.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence and extent of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is prognostic in surgical stage I cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). All available tumour slides and/or paraffin blocks from 426 patients with stage I cervical SCC treated surgically with curative intent were collected from 18 institutions and retrospectively analysed. Presence and extent of LVI (focal <5 spaces, extensive ≥5 spaces) were assessed on scanning magnification in large haematoxylin and eosin slide sets in 366 cases.