[Development of biotechnology of fermented milk product with LR1 and the evaluation of its functional property in experiment and ].

In this article the biotechnology of the dairy product based on the probiotic strain of Lactobacillus reuteri LR1 is presented. The following conditions of milk fermentation were screened: fermentation by monoculture of Lactobacillus reuteri LR1, fermentation by monoculture of Lactobacillus reuteri LR1 with addition of yeast extract as growth-promoting factor, and combined fermentation by Lactobacillus reuteri LR1, Lactobacillus helveticus NK1 and Streptococcus thermophilus (HTC). It had been demonstrated that after 8 hours of cultivation the number of Lactobacillus reuteri LR1 cells in the monoculture with introduced yeast extract was up to 5,9×10 CFU/cm whereas cell count for the monoculture without yeast extract introduction was 1,6×10 CFU/cm.

Gold nanoparticles of different shape for bicolor lateral flow test.

Spherical gold nanoparticles are the most commonly used marker in lateral flow assays. However, the widespread practice of using identical coloration for the test and control zones of test strips can lead to erroneous interpretations of the assay's results. We propose an immunochromatographic test strip with lines of different colors.

Cadmium, lead and mercury in muscle tissue of gilthead seabream and seabass: Risk evaluation for consumers.

Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) presence was investigated in the muscle tissue of gilthead seabream and seabass, collected from various aquaculture sites of the Aegean and Cretan Sea as well as from the fish market (fisheries). Risk for the Greek population through consumption of these species was estimated using two approaches: Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI). All heavy metal levels in the fish tissue were below the established safe limits for consumption.

Structural and functional properties of αβ-heterodimers of tropomyosin with myopathic mutations Q147P and K49del in the β-chain.

Tropomyosin (Tpm) is an α-helical coiled-coil actin-binding protein that plays a key role in the Ca-regulated contraction of striated muscles. Two Tpm isoforms, α (Tpm 1.1) and β (Tpm 2.

How to Improve Sensitivity of Sandwich Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Corpuscular Antigens on the Example of Potato Virus Y?

A simple approach was proposed to decrease the detection limit of sandwich lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) by changing the conditions for binding between a polyvalent antigen and a conjugate of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with antibodies. In this study, the potato virus Y (PVY) was used as the polyvalent antigen, which affects economically important plants in the family. The obtained polyclonal antibodies that are specific to PVY were characterized using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR).

Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Rapid Detection of Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Virus.

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is one of the main pathogens of grapes, causing a significant loss in yield and decrease in quality for this agricultural plant. For efficient widespread control of this infection, rapid and simple analytical techniques of on-site testing are requested as a complementary addition for the currently applied hybridization (PCR) and immunoenzyme (ELISA) approaches. The given paper presents development and approbation of the immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for rapid detection of GLRaV-3.

Development of Immunochromatographic Assay for Determination of Tetracycline in Human Serum.

Determining antibiotic concentration in human blood provides useful pharmacokinetic information. Commonly used methods such as ELISA require a long time to obtain results and thus cannot be applied when information is needed immediately. In this study, a novel antibody-based lateral flow technique was developed for tetracycline detection in human serum.

Role of the PB-loop in ApcE and phycobilisome core function in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.

The phycobilisome (PBS) is a giant highly-structured pigment-protein antenna of cyanobacteria and red algae. PBS is composed of the phycobiliproteins and several linker polypeptides. The large core-membrane linker protein (L or ApcE) influences many features and functions of PBS and consists of several domains including the chromophorylated PB-domain.

Adsorption of proteins on gold nanoparticles: One or more layers?

Adsorption of proteins on nanoparticles is a complex and poorly studied process. The mechanisms of protein layer formation can fundamentally differ depending on the composition of the medium, the nanoparticles' structure, the protein's nature, and other factors. In particular, monolayer or multilayer immobilization may occur.

Monomerization of the photoconvertible fluorescent protein SAASoti by rational mutagenesis of single amino acids.

Photoconvertible fluorescent proteins (PCFPs) are widely used as markers for the visualization of intracellular processes and for sub-diffraction single-molecule localization microscopy. Although wild type of a new photoconvertible fluorescent protein SAASoti tends to aggregate, we succeeded, via rational mutagenesis, to obtain variants that formed either tetramers or monomers. We compare two approaches: one is based on the structural similarity between SAASoti and Kaede, which helped us to identify a single point mutation (V127T) at the protein's hydrophobic interface that leads to monomerization.

Post-assay growth of gold nanoparticles as a tool for highly sensitive lateral flow immunoassay. Application to the detection of potato virus X.

This article demonstrates a new kind of a highly sensitive lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). It is based on the enlargement of the size of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) directly on the test strip after a conventional LFIA. Particle size enlargement is accomplished through the catalytic reduction of HAuCl in the presence of HO and through the accumulation of additional gold on the surface of the GNPs.

Structural rearrangements in the C-terminal domain homolog of Orange Carotenoid Protein are crucial for carotenoid transfer.

A recently reported family of soluble cyanobacterial carotenoproteins, homologs of the C-terminal domain (CTDH) of the photoprotective Orange Carotenoid Protein, is suggested to mediate carotenoid transfer from the thylakoid membrane to the Helical Carotenoid Proteins, which are paralogs of the N-terminal domain of the OCP. Here we present the three-dimensional structure of a carotenoid-free CTDH variant from () PCC 7120. This CTDH contains a cysteine residue at position 103.

The registration of aptamer-ligand (ochratoxin A) interactions based on ligand fluorescence changes.

The fluorescent properties of ligands can change when they bind to specific receptors. Modulated by the transition of the ligand from the free to the bound state, fluorescence makes it possible both to detect this ligand and quantitatively register its binding. We characterized the interaction of ochratoxin A (OTA) with the specific G-quadruplex aptamer through excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy.

OCP-FRP protein complex topologies suggest a mechanism for controlling high light tolerance in cyanobacteria.

In cyanobacteria, high light photoactivates the orange carotenoid protein (OCP) that binds to antennae complexes, dissipating energy and preventing the destruction of the photosynthetic apparatus. At low light, OCP is efficiently deactivated by a poorly understood action of the dimeric fluorescence recovery protein (FRP). Here, we engineer FRP variants with defined oligomeric states and scrutinize their functional interaction with OCP.

Physicochemical and functional properties of Cucurbita maxima pumpkin pectin and commercial citrus and apple pectins: A comparative evaluation.

The physicochemical characteristics and functional properties of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D. var. Cabello de Ángel) pectin obtained by cavitation facilitated extraction from pumpkin pulp have been evaluated and compared with commercial citrus and apple pectins.

Protein Composition of Differs Significantly Between Active Cells and Dormant Cells With Ovoid Morphology.

Mycobacteria are able to form dormant cells, which survive for a long time without multiplication. The molecular mechanisms behind prolonged survival of dormant cells are not fully described. In particular, little information is known on biochemical processes which might take place in cells under dormancy.

Myopathic mutations in the β-chain of tropomyosin differently affect the structural and functional properties of ββ- and αβ-dimers.

Tropomyosin (Tpm) is an actin-binding protein that plays a vital role in the regulation of muscle contraction. Fast skeletal muscles express 2 Tpm isoforms, α (Tpm 1.1) and β (Tpm 2.

Optimized Background Regimen for Treatment of Active Tuberculosis with the Next-Generation Benzothiazinone Macozinone (PBTZ169).

The efficacy of the standardized four-drug regimen (comprising isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is menaced by the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Intensive efforts have been made to develop new antibiotics or to repurpose old drugs, and several of these are currently being evaluated in clinical trials for their antitubercular activity. Among the new candidate drugs is macozinone (MCZ), the piperazine-containing benzothiazinone PBTZ169, which is currently being evaluated in phase I/II clinical trials. Here, we determined the and activity of MCZ in combination with a range of anti-TB drugs in order to design a new regimen against active TB.

Fluorescence polarization immunoassay for rapid screening of the pesticides thiabendazole and tetraconazole in wheat.

Fluorescence polarization immunoassays (FPIAs) for thiabendazole and tetraconazole were first developed. Tracers for FPIAs of thiabendazole and tetraconazole were synthesized and the tracers' structures were confirmed by HPLC-MS/MS. The 4-aminomethylfluorescein-labeled tracers allowed achieving the best assay sensitivity and minimum reagent consumption in comparison with aminofluorescein-labeled and alkyldiaminefluoresceinthiocarbamyl-labeled tracers.

Fluorescence polarization immunoassay of colchicine.

In this study, a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) technique was developed to determine colchicine (COL), an alkaloid of noxious plants of the order Liliales that is used in a number of medications to treat gout. An optimal combination of the polyclonal antibody and the antigen labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was selected. Conditions for the competitive interaction of the antigen in the tested samples and its fluorophore conjugate (COL-FITC) with anti-COL antibodies were optimised, and the analytical characteristics of the assay were determined.

The ved protein patterning in zebrafish embryos.

Homeobox transcription factors play an essential role in cells differentiation. The function is realized by the proteins (not by the mRNA) and it is necessary to pay more attention to the protein patterns. In this study we were the first to obtain antibodies against the ved protein, tested their specificity by Western-blot analysis and performed a whole mount immunostaining of zebrafish embryos.

Structure-function study of two new middle-redox potential laccases from basidiomycetes Antrodiella faginea and Steccherinum murashkinskyi.

Laccases are multicopper oxidases that catalyze oxidation of a wide range of organic and inorganic substrates accompanied by the reduction of dioxygen to water. The physicochemical and catalytic properties of two new fungal laccases from basidiomycetes Antrodiella faginea (AfL) and Steccherinum murashkinskyi (SmL) with middle redox potential of the T1 copper site were studied. The X-ray structures of AfL and SmL were solved at 1.

White-rot basidiomycetes Junghuhnia nitida and Steccherinum bourdotii: Oxidative potential and laccase properties in comparison with Trametes hirsuta and Coriolopsis caperata.

White-rot basidiomycetes from the poorly studied residual polyporoid clade of Polyporales order Junghuhnia nitida (Pers.) Ryvarden and Steccherinum bourdotii Saliba & A. David grow as secondary xylotrohps on well decomposed woody materials.