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9609 Medical Center[Affiliation] Publications | LitMetric

882 results match your criteria: "9609 Medical Center[Affiliation]"

Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a type of intermittent fasting (IF). Food can be consumed as desired during the eating period, but not during the remainder of the day. Studies suggest that many of the health benefits of fasting may not simply be the result of weight loss, but also due to the body's responses to the fasting that lead to improved metabolic functioning.

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Tumor associated epilepsy is a common and debilitating co-morbidity of brain tumors, for which inadequate treatments are available. Additionally, animal models suggest a potential link between seizures and tumor progression. Our group has previously described a mouse model of diffusely infiltrating glioma and associated chronic epilepsy.

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Survey for Activating Oncogenic Mutation Variants in Metazoan Germline Genes.

J Mol Evol

December 2024

National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, 5E-132, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.

Most cancers present with mutations or amplifications in distinctive tumor promoter genes that activate principal cell-signaling cascades promoting cell proliferation, dedifferentiation, cell survival, and replicative immortality. Somatic mutations found in this these driver proto-oncogenes invariably result in constitutive activation of the encoded protein. A salient feature of the activating mutations observed throughout many thousands of clinical tumor specimens reveals these driver missense mutations are recurrent and restricted to just one or very few codons of the entire gene, suggesting they have been positively selected during the course of tumor development.

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Spatial pattern and differential expression analysis with spatial transcriptomic data.

Nucleic Acids Res

November 2024

Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Rd., Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.

The emergence of spatial transcriptomic technologies has opened new avenues for investigating gene activities while preserving the spatial context of tissues. Utilizing data generated by such technologies, the identification of spatially variable (SV) genes is an essential step in exploring tissue landscapes and biological processes. Particularly in typical experimental designs, such as case-control or longitudinal studies, identifying SV genes between groups is crucial for discovering significant biomarkers or developing targeted therapies for diseases.

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A Tai chi and qigong mind-body program for low back pain: A virtually delivered randomized control trial.

N Am Spine Soc J

December 2024

Department of Neurological Surgery, Division of Spine Surgery, Och Spine at Weill Cornell Medicine/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, 525 East 68th St, Box 99, New York, NY 10065, United States.

Article Synopsis
  • A study investigated the effectiveness of a virtually delivered mind-body program called VDTQM, which combines tai chi, qigong, and meditation, in treating low back pain (LBP) among adults.
  • The study involved 350 participants, who were divided into a treatment group receiving 12 weeks of VDTQM classes and a waitlist control group, with outcomes measured primarily by pain-related disability and secondary factors like pain intensity and quality of life.
  • Results indicated that the treatment group experienced significant improvements in pain-related disability and other outcomes at various points after treatment, suggesting that VDTQM could be a beneficial option for managing LBP.
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Long-Term Randomized Controlled Trials of Diet Intervention Reports and Their Impact on Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Cancers (Basel)

September 2024

Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute/National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.

Background: Most randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of diet on cancer have been short term (<1 year), mostly evaluating breast cancer survivors. Given the many-year interval that is generally required for an intervention to have an impact on cancer risk or prognosis, as well as the fact that lifestyle strategies such as diet modification frequently fail due to lack of adherence over the long term, we focused this systematic review only on longer-term (≥1 year) intervention reports. Diet intervention reports focused on reducing cancer risk in overweight and obese individuals target caloric restriction (every day, some days, or most hours of each day).

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Mechanisms by Which Pharmacotherapy May Impact Cancer Risk among Individuals with Overweight and Obesity.

Cancers (Basel)

September 2024

Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute/National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.

Diets geared to reduce cancer risk in overweight and obese individuals focus on (1) caloric restriction (every day, some days, or most hours of each day); (2) changes in macronutrient intake; or (3) a combination of the prior two strategies. Diets generally fail because of nonadherence or due to limited sustained weight loss. This is in contrast to a diet supplemented with a weight loss medication, so long as the participant continues the medication or after bariatric surgery, in which adherence tends to be much higher.

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Article Synopsis
  • The Genome in a Bottle Consortium (GIAB) is creating matched tumor-normal samples that are publicly consented for sharing genomic data and cell lines, focusing on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
  • They provide a comprehensive genomic dataset from the first individual, combining high-depth DNA from tumor and normal cells using advanced whole genome sequencing technologies.
  • This open-access resource aims to help develop benchmarks for detecting genetic variants in cancer, fostering innovation in genome measurement and analysis tools.
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Looking Back, Moving Forward: Challenges and Opportunities for Global Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control.

Viruses

August 2024

Divisions of Cancer Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, US National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Room 5E410, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.

Despite the introduction of Pap testing for screening to prevent cervical cancer in the mid-20th century, cervical cancer remains a common cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity globally. This is primarily due to differences in access to screening and care between low-income and high-income resource settings, resulting in cervical cancer being one of the cancers with the greatest health disparity. The discovery of human papillomavirus (HPV) as the near-obligate viral cause of cervical cancer can revolutionize how it can be prevented: HPV vaccination against infection for prophylaxis and HPV testing-based screening for the detection and treatment of cervical pre-cancers for interception.

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Norm information in media can predict individuals' norm perceptions and, ultimately, their behavior. Little research has examined how descriptive norm information manifests in media and impacts beliefs in the real world. Previously, using automated content analysis, we measured and examined longitudinal trends in two types of descriptive norm information, individual use depictions and population norms, pertaining to tobacco and e-cigarette use across six media sources from 2014-2017.

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Longstanding inequities in cancer prevention and control require novel approaches to improve evidence-based intervention implementation. Exploring and elevating the perspectives of cancer prevention and control practitioners working to advance health equity and equitably implement evidence-based interventions is an important yet underutilized step among researchers working in this space. The purpose of this study was to explore practitioners' perspectives of how health equity is defined and integrated into their work, challenges of advancing health equity for implementation in local settings, and associated strategies.

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The standard approach to regression modeling for cause-specific hazards with prospective competing risks data specifies separate models for each failure type. An alternative proposed by Lunn and McNeil (1995) assumes the cause-specific hazards are proportional across causes. This may be more efficient than the standard approach, and allows the comparison of covariate effects across causes.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines gene regulatory changes associated with cancer by analyzing chromatin accessibility across eight different tumor types, revealing the influence of copy number alterations on tumor characteristics.
  • Researchers found specific chromatin signatures in cancer that are closely related to healthy cell types, particularly noting similarities between basal-like breast cancer and secretory-type luminal epithelial cells.
  • Advanced neural network models highlighted the significance of noncoding mutations near cancer-associated genes, suggesting that widely dispersed mutations in cancer have important functional roles in gene regulation.
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Variable importance is a key statistical issue in exposure mixtures, as it allows a ranking of exposures as potential targets for intervention, and helps to identify bad actors within a mixture. In settings where mixtures have many constituents or high between-constituent correlations, estimators of importance can be subject to bias or high variance. Current approaches to assessing variable importance have major limitations, including reliance on overly strong or incorrect constraints or assumptions, excessive model extrapolation, or poor interpretability, especially regarding practical significance.

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Purpose: The mesothelin-targeting antibody-drug conjugate anetumab ravtansine was evaluated in combination with the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor pembrolizumab based on the common expression of mesothelin and reports of activity in mesothelioma.

Patients And Methods: A phase 1 safety run-in of the combination of anetumab ravtansine (6.5 mg/kg iv q3weeks) and pembrolizumab (200 mg, IV q3weeks) was conducted, followed by a phase 2 randomization to the combination or pembrolizumab alone at medical centers across the United States and Canada in the National Cancer Institute's Experimental Therapeutics Clinical Trials Network.

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Vietnamese women have a higher incidence rate of cervical cancer and are less likely to have ever been screened for cervical cancer than their White counterparts in the US. This review synthesizes findings from published interventions to promote cervical cancer screening in this vulnerable population. Articles were identified through a systematic search of PsycInfo, Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials in October 2022.

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Bioconjugates for Cancer Prevention: Opportunities for Impact.

Bioconjug Chem

August 2024

Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States.

Cancer prevention encompasses both screening strategies to find cancers early when they are likely to be most treatable and prevention and interception strategies to reduce the risk of developing cancers. Bioconjugates, here defined broadly as materials and molecules that have synthetic and biological components, have roles to play across the cancer-prevention spectrum. In particular, bioconjugates may be developed as affordable, accessible, and effective screening strategies or as novel vaccines and drugs to reduce one's risk of developing cancers.

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Cancer in People with HIV.

Infect Dis Clin North Am

September 2024

Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville MD 20850, USA. Electronic address:

We review the intersection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cancer globally, including the complex interplay of oncogenic infections, chronic inflammation, and behavioral and other factors in increasing cancer risk among people with HIV (PWH). We discuss current cancer screening, prevention, and treatment recommendations for PWH. Specific interventions include vaccination, behavioral risk reduction, timely HIV diagnosis and treatment, screening for specific cancer sites, and multifaceted treatment considerations unique to PWH including supportive care and drug interactions.

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Background: There has been increased attention to the need for, and the positive impact of, engaged or participatory science in recent years. Implementation scientists have an opportunity to leverage and contribute to engagement science (ES) through the systematic integration of engagement into implementation science (IS). The purpose of this study was to gather information from researchers and others to develop a prioritized list of research needs and opportunities at the intersection of IS and ES.

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Associations between quantitative measures of mammographic density and terminal ductal lobular unit involution in Chinese breast cancer patients.

Breast Cancer Res

July 2024

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, DHHS, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9761, USA.

Background: Higher mammographic density (MD), a radiological measure of the proportion of fibroglandular tissue in the breast, and lower terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU) involution, a histological measure of the amount of epithelial tissue in the breast, are independent breast cancer risk factors. Previous studies among predominantly white women have associated reduced TDLU involution with higher MD.

Methods: In this cohort of 611 invasive breast cancer patients (ages 23-91 years [58.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study examined the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk linked to cancer treatments in young women (≤40 years) with breast cancer, focusing on data from 372 survivors over five years.
  • - Findings revealed that radiation treatment, especially left-sided radiation, was associated with a significant increase in excess heart age, while systemic cancer treatments showed no correlation with heart age changes.
  • - The authors suggest that CVD risk assessment tools should integrate cancer treatment history to better identify young breast cancer survivors at high risk for cardiovascular issues.
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We present new models and methods for the posterior drift problem where the regression function in the target domain is modelled as a linear adjustment, on an appropriate scale, of that in the source domain, and study the theoretical properties of our proposed estimators in the binary classification problem. The core idea of our model inherits the simplicity and the usefulness of generalized linear models and accelerated failure time models from the classical statistics literature. Our approach is shown to be flexible and applicable in a variety of statistical settings, and can be adopted for transfer learning problems in various domains including epidemiology, genetics and biomedicine.

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Plasma metabolites in childhood Burkitt lymphoma cases and cancer-free controls in Uganda.

Metabolomics

June 2024

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, HHS,, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rm. 6E-118, MSC 3330, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.

Introduction: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with Plasmodium falciparum and Epstein-Barr virus, both of which affect metabolic pathways. The metabolomic patterns of BL is unknown.

Materials And Methods: We measured 627 metabolites in pre-chemotherapy treatment plasma samples from 25 male children (6-11 years) with BL and 25 cancer-free area- and age-frequency-matched male controls from the Epidemiology of Burkitt Lymphoma in East African Children and Minors study in Uganda using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

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Disparities in cancer clinical trials information-seeking: Findings from the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Information Service.

Patient Educ Couns

October 2024

National Cancer Institute, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, USA.

Objective: To better understand cancer clinical trials (CCT) information-seeking, a necessary precursor to patient and provider engagement with CCT.

Methods: Data from the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Information Service (CIS) were used to examine CCT information-seeking patterns over a 5-year period. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine characteristics of CIS inquiries and their associations with having a CCT discussion.

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