A Randomized Pilot Study Assessing if SEDLine Monitoring During Induction of Surgical Patients is Associated With Reduced Dosage of Administered Induction Agents.

. Intubations, especially in emergent settings, carry a high risk of hemodynamic instability with potentially catastrophic outcomes. Weight-based dosing of induction drugs can be inappropriately high for elective or emergent intubations and lead to hemodynamic instability.

Necrotizing Tracheitis Complicated by Tracheal Wall Perforation.

Necrotizing tracheitis is a rare condition, mainly seen in immunocompromised patients, that may lead to pseudomembrane formation, airway obstruction and in severe cases, tracheal perforation. We present a case of a 32-year-old male with poorly controlled diabetes who presented with productive cough, dysphagia, and respiratory distress. Bronchoscopy revealed extensive tracheal necrosis along a 4-5 cm segment of cartilaginous trachea and was complicated by tracheal perforation with false passage into the anterior mediastinum.

Evaluating Cancer Pain Characteristics and Treatment Factors in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

To identify patient characteristics and treatment factors of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with cancer-related pain that may affect patient outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate adult patients with active cancer, who presented to the ED with a chief complaint of pain between June first, 2012 and January first, 2016. We utilized multivariable logistic regression to evaluate the association of several exposure variables, including disease and demographic characteristics, primary pain site, and treatment methods, on ED disposition and revisit rate.

Retained Dental Implant in the Maxillary Sinus.

Implant dentistry has become a popularized means of replacing damaged or missing teeth. Although it has become common practice, there are accounts of implants displacing into surrounding structures, commonly the maxillary sinus. We present the case of a 54-year-old man who presented with chronic left sided pain and pressure found to be secondary to a displaced implant obstructing the left maxillary outflow sinus tract.

Severe acute radiation dermatitis after palbociclib therapy in the setting of palliative radiotherapy.

Introduction: Cyclin-dependent-kinase 4/6(CDK4/6) inhibitors are widely used as a first-line systemic treatment for patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative metastatic breast cancer. Although many patients with metastatic breast cancer require palliative radiotherapy (RT), there are limited data on the safety of combining a CDK4/6 inhibitor with palliative RT.

Case Report: Presented is a case of acute high-grade radiation dermatitis with low-dose palliative RT following administration of palbociclib.

Retrospective Self-Reported Childhood Experiences in Enriched Environments Uniquely Predict Prosocial Behavior and Personality Traits in Adulthood.

What features of people's childhood environments go on to shape their prosocial behavior during adulthood? Past studies linking childhood environment to adult prosocial behavior have focused primarily on adverse features, thereby neglecting the possible influence of exposure to enriched environments (e.g., access to material resources, experiences with rich cooperative relationships, and interactions with morally exemplary role models).

The Association Between Dating Violence and Student Absenteeism Among a Representative Sample of U.S. High School Students: Findings From the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Survey.

Student absenteeism affects students' engagement in school and academic and professional success. While research documents a significant association between school bullying/fighting and student absenteeism due to fear of being at school or getting to school, little research has examined the association of adolescent dating violence (ADV) victimization with this type of absenteeism. This study examined the relationship between physical and/or sexual ADV victimization in the past year (dichotomized as yes or no), and number of days of student absenteeism due to feeling unsafe at school or on the way to school in the past month (dichotomized as any vs.

Colon Cancer Grading Using Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging-Based Deep Learning.

Tumor grade assessment is critical to the treatment of cancers. A pathologist typically evaluates grade by examining morphologic organization in tissue using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tissue sections. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) imaging provides an alternate view of tissue in which spatially specific molecular information from unstained tissue can be utilized.

Balloon Gliding Technique: A novel use of balloon guiding catheters in accessing challenging circulations when treating acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Challenging arterial anatomy delays, or prevents timely endovascular treatment (EVT) of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We introduce a new technique called 'Balloon Gliding Technique (BGT)' to overcome difficult arterial anatomy during EVT of AIS, utilizing flow-assistance to access challenging circulations.

Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected database of all patients presenting to a single institution with AIS who underwent EVT was performed from January 2021 to June 2021.

Sexually transmitted infections among participants in an HIV PrEP adherence trial.

Background: HIV PrEP effectiveness is highly dependent on adherence. High STI incidence has been reported among PrEP users. We assessed the relationship between STI incidence (CT, NG, and syphilis) and PrEP adherence.

Opening the "Black Box": Student-Generated Solutions to Improve Sexual Violence Response and Prevention Efforts for Undergraduates on College Campuses.

Campus-based sexual violence and sexual harassment (SVSH) are prevalent issues that impact students detrimentally. Guided by community-based participatory research, this qualitative study assessed undergraduate students' perceptions of available campus SVSH resources, gaps in services, and recommendations for solutions for SVSH at three universities in California via interviews and focus groups. Approximately half of participants were unaware of available SVSH services, while others had varying knowledge of service availability and experiences with services.

The Association Between Bullying Victimization and Fighting in School Among US High School Students.

In-school fighting often results in severe punishment and compromised learning outcomes, without adequate consideration of contextual factors or student vulnerabilities. In this study, using a large, nationally representative data sample from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey ( = 13677), we assessed associations between a history of bullying victimization (at school and online) and past year fighting at school among U.S.

Brain Activity Response to Visual Cues for Gait Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: An EEG Study.

Gait impairments are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and increase falls risk. Visual cues can improve gait in PD, particularly freezing of gait (FOG), but mechanisms involved in visual cue response are unknown. This study aimed to examine brain activity in response to visual cues in people with PD who do (PD+FOG) and do not report FOG (PD-FOG) and explore relationships between attention, brain activity and gait.

Does Gender Matter: A Multi-Institutional Analysis of Viscoelastic Profiles for 1565 Trauma Patients With Severe Hemorrhage.

Background: Viscoelastic tests including thromboelastography (TEG) and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) are being used in patients with severe hemorrhage at trauma centers to guide resuscitation. Several recent studies demonstrated hypercoagulability in female trauma patients that was associated with a survival advantage. The objective of our study was to elucidate the effects of gender differences in TEG/ROTEM values on survival in trauma patients with severe hemorrhage.

An Adapted Process and Organ Procurement Perspective on Heart Retransplantation for a Healthy Heart's Third Life.

As organ procurement organizations nationwide see an increased opportunity to retransplant already transplanted hearts, we would like to share the overview and process of our 2 successful cases. Heart retransplantation increased our cardiac placement rates by 2.64% and 2% in 2015 and 2019, respectively.

Pathologic Determination of Multifocality in pT1a1 Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix: A Retrospective Analysis.

When more than one focus of stromal invasion is present in a superficially invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), determination of the tumoral lateral extent/horizontal extension, and hence tumor-nodes-metastases (TNM) staging, can be problematic. In recent years, a diagnostic approach to distinguish multifocal pT1a1 from pT1b cases has gained increased attention. These criteria call for classifying SCC as multifocal when invasive foci are separated by blocks of uninvolved cervical tissues, and/or are located on separated cervical lips in a tumor that is discontinuous, and/or are situated far apart (≥2 mm) from each other.

Cost Savings Associated With Palliative Care Among Older Adults With Advanced Cancer.

Background: There is inconsistent evidence that palliative care intervention decreases total healthcare expenditure at end-of-life for oncology patients. This inconsistent evidence may result from small sample sizes at single institution studies and disparate characterization of costs across studies. Comprehensive studies in population-based datasets are needed to fully understand the impact of palliative care on total healthcare costs.

Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Diet as Mediators of the Association Between TV Time and BMI in Youth.

Purpose: This study examined dietary indicators, sedentary time, and physical activity as potential mediators of the association between TV time and BMIz in youth.

Design: Cross-sectional study in 2 independent samples of youth.

Setting: Data collection occurred by mail and telephone for adolescents and either at home or in medical settings for children.

Changes in Self- and Informant-Reported Frontal Behaviors in Parkinson's Disease: A Longitudinal Study.

Objective: Frontal behaviors (i.e., executive dysfunction, disinhibition, apathy) are common in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Deep Learning and Multivariable Models Select EVAR Patients for Short-Stay Discharge.

Objectives: We sought to develop a prediction score with data from the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) EVAR in efforts to assist endovascular specialists in deciding whether or not a patient is appropriate for short-stay discharge.

Background: Small series describe short-stay discharge following elective EVAR. Our study aims to quantify characteristics associated with this decision.

Development of a Preoperative Adult Spinal Deformity Comorbidity Score That Correlates With Common Quality and Value Metrics: Length of Stay, Major Complications, and Patient-Reported Outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective review of a multicenter prospective registry.

Objectives: Our goal was to develop a method to risk-stratify adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients on the basis of their accumulated health deficits. We developed a novel comorbidity score (CS) specific to patients with ASD based on their preoperative health state and investigated whether it was associated with major complications, length of hospital stay (LOS), and self-reported outcomes after ASD surgery.

Intraperitoneal vancomycin for peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis in children: Evaluation of loading dose guidelines.

Background: Current pediatric International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis guidelines for initial treatment of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis suggest either monotherapy with cefepime or double therapy with first-generation cephalosporin or glycopeptide and ceftazidime or aminoglycoside. When using vancomycin, the intraperitoneal (IP) recommended pediatric loading dosage is 1000 mg/L of dialysate. This is based on adult pharmacokinetic (PK) studies and roughly translates to the adult recommendation where 30 mg/kg in 2 L is approximately 1000 mg/L.

Polyneuropathy in Young Siberian Huskies Caused by Degenerative and Inflammatory Diseases.

Polyneuropathy is defined as the simultaneous dysfunction of several peripheral nerves. In dogs, a number of breeds are predisposed to a variety of immune-mediated and/or degenerative inherited forms of polyneuropathy, with laryngeal paralysis and/or megaesophagus as important clinical features of many of these conditions. This case series describes degenerative and inflammatory polyneuropathies in 7 young Siberian huskies that were categorized based on clinicopathological characteristics as follows: (1) slowly progressive laryngeal paralysis and megaesophagus caused by primary axonal degeneration with large fiber loss (n = 2); (2) slowly progressive polyneuropathy without megaesophagus or laryngeal paralysis caused by primary axonal degeneration with large fiber loss (n = 2); (3) acute inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy causing sensory, motor and autonomic nerve deficits (n = 2); and (4) ganglioradiculitis (sensory neuronopathy; n = 1).

Association of diabetes mellitus with postoperative opioid consumption in patients undergoing primary unilateral hip arthroplasty.

Opioids are an indispensable component of perioperative pain management; however, the burgeoning opioid epidemic necessitates research into the risk factors for the development of opioid dependence and abuse following surgery. Diabetes has been identified as a risk factor for prolonged opioid utilisation following non-orthopaedic surgery; however, this association has not been investigated following orthopaedic surgery. To bridge this gap in the literature, we performed a retrospective propensity-matched cohort study in patients undergoing primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty.