Advanced primary urethral cancer: a case report.

Background: Primary urethral cancer is exceedingly rare, resulting in a limitation in clinicians' experience, and an accurate diagnosis is often delayed due to the non-specific clinical presentation. Here, we present this case report to show the treatment of a patient with primary urethral cancer. Our patient was diagnosed as having primary urethral cancer in the First Clinical Hospital of Yichang by cystoscopy and biopsy.

Endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol protects primary cultured neurons against homocysteine-induced impairments in rat caudate nucleus through CB1 receptor.

Homocysteine (Hcy) is a high risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Caudate nucleus (CN), the major component of basal ganglia in the brain, is also involved in many neurological disorders. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), the true natural ligand for cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptors and the most abundant endogenous cannabinoid, has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory action from proinflammatory stimuli in the hippocampus and CN.

Endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol protects primary cultured neurons against LPS-induced impairments in rat caudate nucleus.

Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many diseases in the central nervous system. Caudate nucleus (CN), the largest nucleus in the brain, is also implicated in many neurological disorders. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), the most abundant endogenous cannabinoid and the true natural ligand for CB1 receptors, has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory action from proinflammatory stimuli in hippocampus.

Polyhydroxylated phragmalins from the fruit of a Chinese mangrove, Xylocarpus granatum.

Three new polyhydroxylated phragmalins, named xyloccensins Y, Z(1), and Z(2) (1-3), were isolated from the fruit of a Chinese mangrove, Xylocarpus granatum, together with eight known compounds. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical methods.