Immune Checkpoint VISTA Negatively Regulates Microglia Glycolysis and Activation via TRIM28-Mediated Ubiquitination of HK2 in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy.

V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) has emerged as a crucial player in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. However, the specific mechanism by which VISTA regulates microglial activation remains unclear. Septic mice were intracerebroventricularly injected with an agonistic anti-VISTA antibody or isotype control.

Endovascular treatment in pediatric stroke: an individual patient pooled analysis on presentation, management and outcomes.

Background: This study aimed to perform a comprehensive pooled analysis of all published series involving pediatric patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) to study the disease landscape including presentation, management, and outcomes.

Methods: The data used in this study were pooled from published literature on EVT for pediatric stroke spanning from 1980 to 2023. The relevant articles were carefully reviewed, and only those reporting at least one case of pediatric LVO undergoing EVT were included.

Unveiling the role of PD-L1 in vascular endothelial dysfunction: Insights into the mtros/NLRP3/caspase-1 mediated pyroptotic pathway.

Background: Programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1) has been postulated to play a crucial role in the regulation of barrier functions of the vascular endothelium, yet how this novel molecule mediates dysfunction in endothelial cells (ECs) during acute lung injury (ALI) remains largely unknown.

Methods: PD-L1 siRNA and plasmids were synthesized and applied respectively to down- or up-regulate PD-L1 expression in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs). RNA sequencing was used to explore the differentially expressed genes following PD-L1 overexpression.

Activation of σ-1 receptor mitigates estrogen withdrawal-induced anxiety/depressive-like behavior in mice via restoration of GABA/glutamate signaling and neuroplasticity in the hippocampus.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality. The Sigma-1 (σ-1) receptor has received increasing attention in recent years because of its ability to link different signaling systems and exert its function in the brain through chaperone actions, especially in neuropsychiatric disorders. YL-0919, a novel σ-1 receptor agonist developed by our institute, has shown antidepressive and anxiolytic effects in a variety of animal models, but effects on PPD have not been revealed.

Efficacy and Safety of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in Severe Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 and in Patients at High Risk for Progression to Critical Illness: A Real-World Study.

Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir is an orally administered anti-SARS-Cov-2 drug used in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients. Our retrospective cohort study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in severe hospitalized patients with Omicron infection, as well as in patients at high risk for progression to critical illness in real-world settings. A total of 350 patients received Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir while 350 matched controls did not.

Pathophysiology and clinical management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a mini-review.

An unprecedented global pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 has created a severe healthcare threat and become one of the biggest challenges to human health and the global economy. As of July 2023, over 767 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been diagnosed, including more than 6.95 million deaths.

High-throughput functional screen identifies YWHAZ as a key regulator of pancreatic cancer metastasis.

Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer death due to its early metastasis and limited response to the current therapies. Metastasis is a complicated multistep process, which is determined by complex genetic alterations. Despite the identification of many metastasis-related genes, distinguishing the drivers from numerous passengers and establishing the causality in cancer pathophysiology remains challenging.

SPAG5 Activates PI3K/AKT Pathway and Promotes the Tumor Progression and Chemo-Resistance in Gastric Cancer.

The sperm-associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) is an important protein in mitosis and cell cycle checkpoint regulation, with more attention as a novel oncogene in various cancers. High level of SPAG5 expression has been detected in our clinical gastric cancer (GC) samples and The Cancer Genome Atlas GC data. However, the bio-function and potential mechanism of SPAG5 in GC remain unclear.

Comparison of Clinical Effectiveness Between Ambroxol and N-Acetylcysteine in Surgical Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are a major cause of postoperative morbidity, mortality, and longer hospital stays. Expectorants are widely used during the perioperative period to reduce PPCs. This study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness between ambroxol (AMB) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in patients undergoing surgery.

A structural basis for the functional differences between the cytosolic and plastid phosphoglucose isomerase isozymes.

Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) catalyzes the interconversion between glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and fructose-6-phosphate (F6P), thereby regulating sucrose synthesis in plant cells. In general, plants contain a pair of PGI isozymes located in two distinct compartments of the cell (cytosol and plastid) with differences in both the primary structure and the higher-order structure. Previously, we showed that the activity of cytosolic PGI (PGIc) is more robust (activity, thermal stability, substrate turnover rate, etc.

Risk factor analysis of disc and facet joint degeneration after intersegmental pedicle screw fixation for lumbar spondylolysis.

Background: Patients who do not respond to conservative treatment of the isthmus are often treated with surgery. We used direct repair plus intersegment pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of lumbar spondylolysis. The aim of this observational study was to assess the effects of this technique and evaluate various risk factors potentially predicting the probability of disc and facet joint degeneration after instrumentation.

Use of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 With Iliac Crest Bone Graft Instead of Iliac Crest Bone Graft Alone in Lumbar Spondylolysis.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in pars repair of lumbar spondylolysis.

Summary Of Background Data: BMP-2 is a growth factor that plays a role in the formation of bone and promotes bone healing.

Antibiotic Prescriptions among China Ambulatory Care Visits of Pregnant Women: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Antibiotic use in pregnant women at the national level has rarely been reported in China.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate antibiotic prescriptions during pregnancy in ambulatory care settings in China.

Methods: Data of 4,574,961 ambulatory care visits of pregnant women from October 2014 to April 2018 were analyzed.

Haematologic malignancies with unfavourable gene mutations benefit from donor lymphocyte infusion with/without decitabine for prophylaxis of relapse after allogeneic HSCT: A pilot study.

Relapse is the main cause of treatment failure for leukaemia patients with unfavourable gene mutations who receive allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). There is no consensus on the indication of donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) for prophylaxis of relapse after allo-HSCT. To evaluate the tolerance and efficacy of prophylactic DLI in patients with unfavourable gene mutations such as FLT3-ITD, TP53, ASXL1, DNMT3A or TET2, we performed a prospective, single-arm study.

Appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions in ambulatory care in China: a nationwide descriptive database study.

Background: Inappropriate antibiotic use greatly accelerates antimicrobial resistance. The appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions is well evaluated, using big observational data, in some high-income countries, whereas the evidence of this appropriateness is scarce in China. We aimed to assess the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions in ambulatory care settings in China to inform future antimicrobial stewardship.

Follow-Up Investigation of 41 Children After Metallic Airway Stent Implantation: An 8-Year Experience.

To present 8-year follow-up outcomes, treatment of complications, and prognosis in children with congenital tracheal stenosis after metallic airway stent implantation. Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical records of children who had airway stents placed between May 20, 2011 and May 31, 2016, and on their follow-up records collected on November 31, 2019. During the 8 years follow-up, 41 children underwent airway stenting under flexible bronchoscopy and participated in the follow-up investigation.

Glucose-coated Berberine Nanodrug for Glioma Therapy through Mitochondrial Pathway.

Introduction: Glioma is the primary malignant brain tumor with poor prognosis. Berberine (BBR) was the potential drug for anti-tumor in glioma cells. Based on its limitation of poor aqueous solubility and instability, little information of BBR nanoparticles is reported in glioma.

Tumor suppressor ATP4B serve as a promising biomarker for worsening of gastric atrophy and poor differentiation.

Background: Hydrogen/potassium ATPase β (ATP4B) is a proton pump acting an essential role in gastric acid secretion. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of ATP4B and its biological role in tumor progression in gastric cancer.

Methods: The correlations between ATP4B expression level and clinicopathologic parameters, as well as the relevance of ATP4B expression with overall survival were assessed.

Outpatient antibiotic use associated with acute upper respiratory infections in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Background: The assessment of antibiotic use for acute upper respiratory infections (AURIs) is important to promote the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing. Evaluation of antibiotic prescriptions for AURIs at a national level is very limited in China.

Objective: To investigate outpatient antibiotic prescriptions for AURIs in Chinese hospitals.

Dysregulation of MiR-30a-3p/Gastrin Enhances Tumor Growth and Invasion throughSTAT3/MMP11 Pathway in Gastric Cancer.

Background: is a well-known hormone regulating gastric biofunctions in the secretion of acid and maintaining its structural integrity. Furthermore, the dysregulation of is also involved in the development of various forms of cancer. However, there are some limitations for illustrating the cellular regulation of and its regulatory mechanisms in gastric malignant transformation and the potential epigenetic regulators systematically.

A low MW inhibitor of CD44 dimerization for the treatment of glioblastoma.

Background And Purpose: As a hallmark of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), CD44 plays a crucial role in promoting glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) stemness phenotypes and multiple drug resistance. The therapeutic potential of CD44 has been validated by the clinical successes of several CD44 inhibitors, including antibodies and hyaluronan-related drugs.

Experimental Approach: We used systemsDock software to predict verbascoside as a candidate CD44 inhibitor.