Discordance Between Subjective and Objective Cognitive Function in Older Korean Americans.

To examine predictors of membership in discordant groups identified by subjective and objective measures of cognitive function. Participants in the Study of Older Korean Americans ( = 2046) were classified according to their subjective cognitive ratings (// vs. /) and Mini-Mental State Examination scores (normal cognition vs.

Comparing Payments Between Sociobehavioral and Biomedical Studies in a Large Research University in Southern California.

Given the dearth of regulatory guidance and empirical research on practices of providing payments to research participants, our study aimed to examine whether there were significant differences in payment amounts between sociobehavioral and biomedical studies and to examine study factors that may explain payment differences. This study reviewed 100 sociobehavioral and 31 biomedical protocols. Results showed that both biomedical studies and sociobehavioral studies had a wide variation of payments and, on average, the biomedical studies paid significantly more.

Job Strain and Late-Life Cognition: Findings From the Puerto Rican Elderly Health Conditions Study.

We examined associations between job strain and cognitive aging in a sample of older Puerto Ricans. Members of the Puerto Rican Elderly: Health Conditions study, aged 60-100 years at baseline, participated. Job strain indicators were quantified from O*NET ( = 1632) and a matrix of Job Content Questionnaire scores (JCQ; = 1467).

Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Irrational Beliefs Inventory for University Students in the United States and Iceland.

We used multigroup confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the five-factor measurement model underlying the 50-item Irrational Beliefs Inventory (IBI) in samples of university students in the United States (=827) and Iceland (=720). Global model fit was marginally acceptable in each sample. Further analyses identified several sources of model misfit that included weak factor loadings, several item pairs with correlated errors, and items with loadings on more than one factor.

Degree of Asymmetry Between Patients With Complete and Incomplete Cleft Lips.

Introduction: Surgical outcomes for patients with complete cleft lips are not as ideal as those achieved for milder phenotypes. We hypothesized that in addition to the greater width of the cleft, patients with complete cleft lip and palate exhibit a greater degree of hypoplasia and asymmetry.

Methods: Stereophotographs of 14 infants with unrepaired unilateral complete and 14 with incomplete cleft lips were measured using Vectra imaging software (Canfield Imaging).

Boricua Founder Variant in Causes Epileptic Encephalopathy With Hyperkinetic Movements.

Objective: To describe a founder mutation effect and the clinical phenotype of homozygous c.737_739delGAG (p.Gly246del) variant in 15 children of Puerto Rican (Boricua) ancestry presenting with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE-37) with prominent movement disorder.

The Disillusioned Comfort with COVID-19 and the Potential of Convalescent Plasma and Cell Therapy.

Coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 is highly infectious, which can lead to acute and chronic debilitating symptoms, as well as mortality. The advent of safe and effective vaccines or antiviral drugs remains distant in the future. Practical public health measures, such as social distancing, hand washing, and wearing a face mask, are the current recommended guidelines by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for limiting the spread of the virus.

The Yield of Ambulatory EEG-Video Monitoring.

Introduction: The availability of EEG-video monitoring gives an alternative to traditional inpatient EEG-video, but its yield and diagnostic value are not well known. This study evaluates the yield of ambulatory EEG-video for the diagnosis of epilepsy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the ambulatory EEG-video monitoring data from 200 consecutive and unselected patients aged 12 years and older performed by a single company (RSC Diagnostic Services) between January 2018 and May 2018.

Promotion of Advance Care Planning Among Young Adults: A Pilot Study of Health Engagement Workshop Feasibility, Implementation, and Efficacy.

Objective: This pilot study set out to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of an interactive, peer-led, health engagement workshop to improve confidence and comprehension related to advance care planning (ACP) among young adults. Secondarily, this study evaluated if such workshops could promote ACP related behavior changes within this population.

Methods: This observational cohort study utilized a repeated measures, mixed-method design.

Changes in Gut Microbiome Associated With Co-Occurring Symptoms Development During Chemo-Radiation for Rectal Cancer: A Proof of Concept Study.

Purpose: To examine a) whether there are significant differences in the severity of symptoms of fatigue, sleep disturbance, or depression between patients with rectal cancer who develop co-occurring symptoms and those with no symptoms before and at the end of chemotherapy and radiation therapy (CRT); b) differences in gut microbial diversity between those with co-occurring symptoms and those with no symptoms; and c) whether before-treatment diversity measurements and taxa abundances can predict co-occurrence of symptoms.

Methods: Stool samples and symptom ratings were collected from 31 patients with rectal cancer prior to and at the end of (24-28 treatments) CRT. Descriptive statistics were computed and the Mann-Whitney U test was performed for symptoms.

Health and Well-Being in the Year before Death: The Association with Quality of Life and Care at the End-of-Life.

We examined whether older adults' health and well-being during their final year of life predicts end-of-life (EOL) quality of life (QOL) and quality of care (QOC). Using data from deceased participants ( = 1125) in the 2011-2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study, we performed latent class analysis to identify profiles of health and well-being, and we examined the association between these classes and EOL QOL and QOC. Four classes were identified: healthy/happy (20%), frail/happy (37%), cognitively impaired/moderately distressed (27%), and highly impaired/highly distressed (16%).

Habituation of P300 in the Use of P300-based Brain-Computer Interface Spellers: Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Versus Age-Matched Controls.

The P300-based brain-computer interface speller can provide motor independent communication to individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the motor system. P300 amplitude stability is critical for operation of the P300 speller. The P300 has good long-term stability, but to our knowledge, short-term habituation in the P300 speller has not been studied.

Importance of Distinguishing Reactive and Proactive Aggression in Dementia Care.

Aggressive behavior is one of the most disturbing symptoms of Alzheimer disease and other progressive neurodegenerative dementias. Development of strategies for management of aggressive behaviors in people with dementia is hindered by a lack of recognition that aggression is not a uniform behavioral construct. It is possible to distinguish 2 types of aggression: reactive or impulsive aggression and proactive or premeditated aggression.

The Impact of Varying Levels of Advance Care Planning Engagement on Perceptions of the End-of-Life Experience Among Caregivers of Deceased Patients With Cancer.

Context: Advance care planning (ACP) is used to prepare patients and caregivers for future "in the moment" decisions at the end-of-life. Patients with cancer generally do not engage in all 3 components of ACP (documented living will, health-care surrogate, end-of-life discussions); however, little is known about the impact of these varying levels of ACP engagement on caregivers postdeath.

Objective: To examine the relationship between varying levels of ACP engagement and caregivers' perceptions of cancer decedents' end-of-life experiences.