Analysis of eIF4E-family members in Fungi contributes to their classification in eukaryotes.

The kingdom of fungi contains highly diverse species. However, fundamental processes sustaining life such as RNA metabolism are much less comparatively studied in Fungi than in other kingdoms. A key factor in the regulation of mRNA expression is the cap-binding protein eIF4E, which plays roles in mRNA nuclear export, storage and translation.

Sequence independent immune effects of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) dsRNA complexed with phytoglycogen nanoparticles in freshwater crayfish.

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), a double stranded (ds)DNA virus, is a pathogen that causes massive mortalities in crustaceans worldwide. The present study focuses on using dsRNA to induce sequence-independent immune responses to control virus replication. DsRNA is a well characterized innate immune stimulant in vertebrates and effectively induces an antiviral state.

The effects of dissolved organic carbon and model compounds (DOC analogues) on diffusive water flux, oxygen consumption, nitrogenous waste excretion rates and gill transepithelial potential in Pacific sanddab (Citharichthys sordidus) at two salinities.

Many flatfish species are partially euryhaline, such as the Pacific sanddab which spawn and feed in highly dynamic estuaries ranging from seawater to near freshwater. With the rapid increase in saltwater invasion of freshwater habitats, it is very likely that in these estuaries, flatfish will be exposed to increasing levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of freshwater origin at a range of salinities. As salinity fluctuations often coincide with changes in DOC concentration, two natural freshwater DOCs [Luther Marsh (LM, allochthonous) and Lake Ontario (LO, autochthonous) were investigated at salinities of 30 and 7.

A treadmill running research protocol to assess dynamic visual acuity and balance for athletes with and without recent concussion history.

Athletes interpret dynamic visual scenes quickly and accurately during physical exertion. It is important to understand how increased exertion may impact vision and cognition following sport-related concussion (SRC).Purpose To examine the effect of a treadmill running research protocol on the assessment of dynamic visual acuity (DVA) and balance for athletes with and without recent history of SRC.

Predicting Social Competence in Autistic and Non-Autistic Children: Effects of Prosody and the Amount of Speech Input.

Purpose: Autistic individuals often face challenges perceiving and expressing emotions, potentially stemming from differences in speech prosody. Here we explore how autism diagnoses between groups, and measures of social competence within groups may be related to, first, children's speech characteristics (both prosodic features and amount of spontaneous speech), and second, to these two factors in mothers' speech to their children.

Methods: Autistic (n = 21) and non-autistic (n = 18) children, aged 7-12 years, participated in a Lego-building task with their mothers, while conversational speech was recorded.

Leguminous green manure intercropping changes the soil microbial community and increases soil nutrients and key quality components of tea leaves.

Intercropping, a green and sustainable planting pattern, has demonstrated positive effects on plant growth and the soil environment. However, there is currently little research on the influence of intercropping leguminous plants and using them as green manure on the soil environment and tea quality. During the profuse flowering period of Chinese milkvetch, the contents of tea amino acids and soluble sugar in intercropping tea plants with soybean increased by 6.

Are reactive oxygen species always bad? Lessons from hypoxic ectotherms.

Oxygen (O2) is required for aerobic energy metabolism but can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are a wide variety of oxidant molecules with a range of biological functions from causing cell damage (oxidative distress) to cell signalling (oxidative eustress). The balance between the rate and amount of ROS generated and the capacity for scavenging systems to remove them is affected by several biological and environmental factors, including oxygen availability. Ectotherms, and in particular hypoxia-tolerant ectotherms, are hypothesized to avoid oxidative damage caused by hypoxia, although it is unclear whether this translates to an increase in ecological fitness.

Reversible Coupling of Germylone with Isocyanates.

The germylone dimNHCGe (5, dimNHC=diimino N-heterocyclic carbene) undergoes a [2+2] cycloaddition with isocyanates RNCO (R=4-tolyl or 3,5-xylyl) to furnish novel alkyl carboxamido germylenes 7 (R=4-tolyl) and 8 (R=3,5-xylyl), featuring a C-C bond between the former carbene carbon and the isocyanate moiety. Heating a mixture of 8 with 4-tolyl isocyanate to 100 °C results in isocyanate metathesis, demonstrating reversible C-C bond formation on the reduced germanium compound. DFT calculations suggest that this process occurs via the reductive dissociation of isocyanate from 8 that regenerates the parent Ge(0) compound 5.

Functional analysis of the AUG initiator codon context reveals novel conserved sequences that disfavor mRNA translation in eukaryotes.

mRNA translation is a fundamental process for life. Selection of the translation initiation site (TIS) is crucial, as it establishes the correct open reading frame for mRNA decoding. Studies in vertebrate mRNAs discovered that a purine at -3 and a G at +4 (where A of the AUG initiator codon is numbered + 1), promote TIS recognition.

Controlled synthesis of polycarbonate diols and their polylactide block copolymers using amino-bis(phenolate) chromium hydroxide complexes.

A diamine-bis(phenolate) chromium(III) complex, CrOH[L] ([L] = dimethylaminoethylamino-,-bis(2-methylene-4,6--butylphenolate)), 2, in the presence of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide effectively copolymerizes CO and cyclohexene oxide (CHO) into a polycarbonate diol. The resultant low molar mass (6.3 kg mol) diol is used to initiate ring-opening polymerization of -lactide with 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.

Phosphorus release and recovery by reductive dissolution of chemically precipitated phosphorus from simulated wastewater.

Chemically mediated recovery of phosphorous (P) as vivianite from the sludges generated by chemical phosphorus removal (CPR) is a potential means of enhancing sustainability of wastewater treatment. This study marks an initial attempt to explore direct P release and recovery from lab synthetic Fe-P sludge via reductive dissolution using ascorbic acid (AA) under acidic conditions. The effects of AA/Fe molar ratio, age of Fe-P sludge and pH were examined to find the optimum conditions for Fe-P reductive solubilization and vivianite precipitation.

Intense interval exercise induces greater changes in post-exercise metabolism compared to submaximal exercise in middle-aged adults.

Introduction: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and sprint interval training (SIT) consistently elevate post-exercise metabolism compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in young adults (18-25 years), however few studies have investigated this in middle-aged adults.

Purpose: To assess the effect of exercise intensity on post-exercise metabolism following submaximal, near-maximal, and supramaximal exercise protocols in middle-aged adults.

Methods: 12 participants (8 females; age: 44 ± 10 years; O: 35.

Synthesis, crystal structure, and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3-ferrocenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)-1-pyrazol-5-amine.

A key step towards utilizing polynuclear metal-based systems in magnetic device applications involves the careful design of ligands. This strategic planning aims to produce metal assemblies that exhibit some kind of 'switch' mechanism. Towards this end, a ligand that incorporates a redox-active functional group (ferrocene) is reported.

A Guanidine-Supported π-Complex of Germanium Amenable to Intramolecular C-C Cleavage in Arene and Ge Atom Transfer.

The germylone dimNHCGe (dimNHC=diimino N-heterocyclic carbene) reacts with azides N R (R=SiMe or p-tolyl) to furnish the first examples of germanium π-complexes, i. e. guanidine-ligated compounds (dimNHI-SiMe )Ge (NHI=N-heterocyclic imine, R=SiMe ) and (dimNHI-Tol)Ge (R=p-tolyl).

Engineering magic number Au and Au cage structures using electron withdrawing atoms.

Gold cages are a subset of gold nanoparticles and these structures are of major interest due to their favourable physiochemical properties. In order for these structures to be useful in applications, they must be chemically stable. The objective of this research is to transform non-magic number cage structures into magic number cage structures by the addition of electron-withdrawing groups on the cages.

International consensus on the non-pharmacological and non-surgical management of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Unlabelled: We identified a knowledge gap in the non-pharmacological and non-surgical management of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Main Results: This international consensus process established multidisciplinary biopsychosocial recommendations on pain, nutrition, safe movement, and exercise for individuals with acute and chronic vertebral fractures.

Significance: These recommendations will guide clinical practice and inform interventions for future research.

Unique opportunities for future research on the alternative oxidase of plants.

Alternative oxidase (AOX) is a terminal oxidase present in the electron transport system of all plants examined to date that plays an important role in the responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Due to recent advances in cell and tissue culture, genetic engineering, and bioinformatic resources for nonmodel plants, it is now possible to study AOX in a broader diversity of species to investigate the full taxonomic distribution of AOX in plants. Additional functions of AOX should be investigated in thermogenic, carnivorous, and parasitic plants with atypical life histories.

Vegetation type is an important predictor of the arctic summer land surface energy budget.

Despite the importance of high-latitude surface energy budgets (SEBs) for land-climate interactions in the rapidly changing Arctic, uncertainties in their prediction persist. Here, we harmonize SEB observations across a network of vegetated and glaciated sites at circumpolar scale (1994-2021). Our variance-partitioning analysis identifies vegetation type as an important predictor for SEB-components during Arctic summer (June-August), compared to other SEB-drivers including climate, latitude and permafrost characteristics.

The interRAI CHESS scale is comparable to the palliative performance scale in predicting 90-day mortality in a palliative home care population.

Background: Prognostic accuracy is important throughout all stages of the illness trajectory as it has implications for the timing of important conversations and decisions around care. Physicians often tend to over-estimate prognosis and may under-recognize palliative care (PC) needs. It is therefore essential that all relevant stakeholders have as much information available to them as possible when estimating prognosis.

Phosphoenolpyruvate Mutase-Catalyzed C-P Bond Formation: Mechanistic Ambiguities and Opportunities.

Phosphonates are produced across all domains of life and used widely in medicine and agriculture. Biosynthesis almost universally originates from the enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate mutase (Ppm), EC 5.4.

Photo elicitation to explore health and social exclusion with rooming house residents in Ottawa, Canada.

Little is known about how rooming house residents perceive how housing influences their health, despite higher morbidity and premature death compared to other Canadians. The social exclusion framework of the Social Knowledge Exchange Network (SEKN) conceptualized by Popay et al. (2008) was used to investigate how rooming houses are linked to health among ten rooming house residents from six rooming houses in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Impact on mental health and wellbeing in Indigenous communities due to land loss resulting from industrial resource development: protocol for a systematic review.

Background: Indigenous Peoples are impacted by industrial resource development that takes place on, or near, their communities. Existing literature on impacts of industrial resource development on Indigenous Peoples primarily focus on physical health outcomes and rarely focus on the mental health impacts. To understand the full range of long-term and anticipated health impacts of industrial resource development on Indigenous communities, mental health impacts must be examined.

TAK-242 treatment and its effect on mechanical properties and gene expression associated with IVD degeneration in SPARC-null mice.

Purpose: Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is accompanied by mechanical and gene expression changes to IVDs. SPARC-null mice display accelerated IVD degeneration, and treatment with (toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitor) TAK-242 decreases proinflammatory cytokines and pain. This study examined if chronic TAK-242 treatment impacts mechanical properties and gene expression associated with IVD degeneration in SPARC-null mice.