Health-Related Quality of Life among American Indian and Alaska Native People: Exploring Associations with Adversities and Psychosocial Strengths.

Identifying psychosocial strengths that support physical health can lead to better pathways to prevention and intervention. Relying on the resilience portfolio model as a conceptual framework, this study explores strengths in three domains (regulation, meaning making, and interpersonal) to identify promising protective factors to support physical health-related quality of life (P-HRQOL), controlling for prior exposure to adversity, age, and gender. This study uses data from four resilience portfolio model studies collected in the southern United States, combined to increase the number of people who identified as American Indian/Alaska Native.

Introduction: Current Directions in Community Archaeology of the African Diaspora.

This article introduces the special issue, "Community Archaeology of the African Diaspora." This collection of papers grew out of a session at the 2020 Society for Historical Archaeology conference in Boston, Massachusetts, with additional authors invited to add further geographical and methodological diversity. The papers in this issue address a single question-how are archaeologists currently involved with community archaeology projects related to the African Diaspora?-and reflects the wide array of approaches currently being implemented across the discipline.

Dark Heritage in the New South: Remembering Convict Leasing in Southern Middle Tennessee through Community Archaeology.

Despite playing a central role in establishing our current racialized prison system, Southern convict leasing has been largely forgotten by American society. The Lone Rock Stockade Project is carrying out excavations at the site of an 1870s convict stockade in order to illuminate the depravity of convict leasing and acknowledge the sacrifices of the convicts who were forced to work without pay in Tennessee's industries. While the project works to identify descendant communities and manage the dangers of COVID-19, the project's public outreach is focused on establishing the site's narrative as dark heritage, rather than industrial triumph, within the local community.

The proteostatic effects of traffic-derived air pollution on Alzheimer's disease risk.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease and the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Recent decades have been marked by considerable advances in our understanding of genetic and environmental risk factors and also of the AD mechanism(s) of action. Nonetheless, there is still no cure and the myriad ways AD affects the brain is overwhelmingly complex.

Dry and wet miombo woodlands of south-central Africa respond differently to climate change.

It is important to understand how species distributions will shift under climate change. While much focus has been on species tracking temperature changes in the northern hemisphere, changing precipitation patterns in tropical regions have received less attention. The aim of the study was to estimate the current distribution of wet and dry miombo woodlands of sub-Saharan Africa and to predict their distributions under different climate change scenarios.

Reimagining the potential of Earth observations for ecosystem service assessments.

The benefits nature provides to people, called ecosystem services, are increasingly recognized and accounted for in assessments of infrastructure development, agricultural management, conservation prioritization, and sustainable sourcing. These assessments are often limited by data, however, a gap with tremendous potential to be filled through Earth observations (EO), which produce a variety of data across spatial and temporal extents and resolutions. Despite widespread recognition of this potential, in practice few ecosystem service studies use EO.

Effects of human demand on conservation planning for biodiversity and ecosystem services.

Safeguarding ecosystem services and biodiversity is critical to achieving sustainable development. To date, ecosystem services quantification has focused on the biophysical supply of services with less emphasis on human beneficiaries (i.e.

Resilience and psychopathology among victimized youth in residential care.

This study examines the role of several resilience resources in the relationship between lifetime victimization and mental health problems among adolescents in care. The sample comprised 127 adolescents (53.% females, aged 12-17 years) from residential care facilities in Catalonia, Spain.

Growing the lost crops of eastern North America's original agricultural system.

Thousands of years before the maize-based agriculture practiced by many Native American societies in eastern North America at the time of contact with Europeans, there existed a unique crop system only known through archaeological evidence. There are no written or oral records of how these lost crops were cultivated, but several domesticated subspecies have been identified in the archaeological record. Growth experiments and observations of living progenitors of these crops can provide insights into the ancient agricultural system of eastern North America, the role of developmental plasticity in the process of domestication, and the creation and maintenance of diverse landraces under cultivation.

Effects of adolescent methamphetamine and nicotine exposure on behavioral performance and MAP-2 immunoreactivity in the nucleus accumbens of adolescent mice.

The neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine (MA) exposure in the developing and adult brain can lead to behavioral alterations and cognitive deficits in adults. Previous increases in the rates of adolescent MA use necessitate that we understand the behavioral and cognitive effects of MA exposure during adolescence on the adolescent brain. Adolescents using MA exhibit high rates of nicotine (NIC) use, but the effects of concurrent MA and NIC in the adolescent brain have not been examined, and it is unknown if NIC mediates any of the effects of MA in the adolescent.

The struggle by Caenorhabditis elegans to maintain proteostasis during aging and disease.

Unlabelled: The presence of only small amounts of misfolded protein is an indication of a healthy proteome. Maintaining proteome health, or more specifically, "proteostasis," is the purview of the "proteostasis network." This network must respond to constant fluctuations in the amount of destabilized proteins caused by errors in protein synthesis and exposure to acute proteotoxic conditions.

Isolated coastal populations of Tilia americana var. caroliniana persist long-term through vegetative growth.

Premise Of The Study: Sprouting in woody plant species allows for the long-term persistence of small, isolated populations experiencing changing environments and can preserve genetic diversity in these populations despite the infrequent recruitment of sexually produced individuals. We examined demographic data collected over a 10-yr period for Tilia americana var. caroliniana populations in the context of genetic structure as an empirical case study of this concept.

Tourette Syndrome: Bridging the Gap between Genetics and Biology.

Tourette syndrome is a childhood neuropsychiatric disorder, which presents with disruptive motor and vocal tics. The disease also has a high comorbidity with obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, which may further increase the distress experienced by patients. Current treatments act with varying efficacies in alleviating symptoms, as the underlying biology of the disease is not fully understood to provide precise therapeutic targets.

Synthesis of -Diethylbenzamides via a Non-Classical Mitsunobu Reaction.

The use of the Mitsunobu reaction for the synthesis of N,N-diethylbenzamides affords ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted benzamides, containing both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. While the preparation of numerous functional groups has been efficiently demonstrated employing the Mitsunobu reaction, our methodology represents the first application of the Mitsunobu reaction for the construction of benzamides using benzoic acid and amine starting materials. Moreover, this synthetic transformation is believed to proceed via a non-classical mechanism involving the existence of an acyloxyphosphonium ion.

Preparation of -arylglycals via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of dihydropyranylphosphates.

The preparation of -arylglycals has been accomplished employing the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of dihydropyranylphosphates with arylboronate esters. The reaction is tolerant of both electron-donating (EDG) and electron-withdrawing (EWG) groups on the aromatic ring and affords the corresponding -arylglycals in good to excellent yields (68-97%). Additionally, the ketene acetal phosphate derived from 6-deoxy-3,4-di--benzyl-L-rhamnal also couples efficiently to yield -arylglycals in excellent yields.

An efficient and cost-effective preparation of di--acetyl-D-rhamnal.

We have developed a synthetic route to the frequently utilized deoxysugar building block di--acetyl-D-rhamnal originating from the inexpensive starting material methyl α-D-glucopyranoside. Our approach proceeds in five steps with minimal column chromatography purification needed to afford the title compound in good overall yield. 2009 Elsevier Ltd.

Upset among youth in response to questions about exposure to violence, sexual assault and family maltreatment.

To assess whether youth are upset by being asked questions about sensitive kinds of abuse, victimization, family maltreatment, and sexual victimization in the course of standard epidemiological surveys. A national sample of youth aged 10-17 were interviewed on the telephone by experienced interviewers as part of the National Survey of Children Exposed to Violence. At the end they were asked whether answering questions had upset them.

Essential information about patterns of victimisation among children with disabilities.

Implications for practice and research: Children with disabilities are at increased risk for virtually every type of violence that has been measured in this population. Healthcare providers and researchers need to take a more comprehensive, person-centered approach that focuses on the vulnerability to polyvictimisation and the interconnection among forms of violence for children with disabilities.

General approach to low-molecular-weight metallogelators via the coordination-induced gelation of an L-glutamate-based lipid.

A twin-tailed glutamate-based lipid with a pyridine headgroup was prepared in good yield using standard amide coupling and protection/deprotection chemistry. The resulting Lewis basic lipid gels a wide array of hydrocarbon solvents at a critical gelation concentration (C(g)) of 0.3 wt %.

Reversible oxidative addition and reductive elimination of fluorinated disulfides at gold(I) thiolate complexes: a new ligand exchange mechanism.

Reaction of HAuCl4 x 3 H2O with excess HSAr (Ar = C6F5 or C6F4H) in ethanol, followed by addition of [Et4N]Cl, produced [Et4N][Au(SAr)4] (Ar = C6F5 (1a) or C6F4H (1b)) as red crystalline solids in high yield. These complexes are rare examples of homoleptic gold(III) thiolate complexes. The crystal structures 1 show square planar geometry at the gold center with elongated Au-S bonds.