Endometrial cancer rate in Hormone replacement therapy users with postmenopausal bleeding: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To establish the endometrial cancer detection rate in women using hormone replacement therapy presenting with postmenopausal bleeding.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting and populationRapid access gynaecology clinic at a tertiary hospital.

Tangible effects of the COVID-19 pandemic: A fall in dexterity amongst surgical trainees?

Background: The coronavirus pandemic has had an indisputable impact on surgical training. The qualitative effect on the perceived confidence and capability of trainees has been widely reported. In order to fully delineate the scope of the problem, quantitative data is also required.

Benchmarking survival outcomes: A funnel plot for survival data.

Benchmarking is commonly used in many healthcare settings to monitor clinical performance, with the aim of increasing cost-effectiveness and safe care of patients. The funnel plot is a popular tool in visualizing the performance of a healthcare center in relation to other centers and to a target, taking into account statistical uncertainty. In this paper, we develop a methodology for constructing funnel plots for survival data.

Patient, carer and healthcare professional perspectives on increasing calorie intake in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Objectives: Research suggests that higher Body Mass Index is associated with improved survival in people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (pwALS). Yet, understanding of the barriers and enablers to increasing calorie intake is limited. This study sought to explore these issues from the perspective of pwALS, informal carers, and healthcare professionals.

Analysis of chlamydia contacts and the look-back interval at a UK sexual health clinic.

Guidance on contact tracing in (CT) is limited. CT contacts data over 12 months (1 December 2018-29 November 2019) at a UK sexual health clinic were analysed to determine the appropriateness of the currently recommended six-month 'look-back' interval. Age and sex of CT contacts were associated with clinical outcomes.

Lasers in Cholesteatoma Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: The mainstay of cholesteatoma treatment is surgical and requires the removal of all squamous epithelium from the underlying normal structure. The application of laser technology in middle ear and mastoid surgery has shown promise in achieving both disease eradication and hearing preservation. This systematic review aims to include studies that have assessed the application of laser to the treatment of cholesteatoma and to review its outcomes in terms of disease eradication as well as hearing results.

Lasers in Rhinology-An Update.

Objectives: A wide and evolving range of lasers and their applications often makes it difficult for a busy surgeon to choose the ideal laser for a specific indication. With this in mind, this article aims to summarize the most recent literature concerning laser application in rhinology.

Methods: A literature search from 2000 to 2020 using the PubMed database was employed.

Transoral Laser Surgery for Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Glottis: First Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the head and neck is a rare cancer associated with poor prognosis. Histologically, it is identified through the presence of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, although it may be difficult to diagnose from initial endoscopic biopsies. We report a case of adenosquamous carcinoma of the glottis in an 82-year-old female patient who presented with progressive hoarseness of voice and in whom initial biopsies had shown only moderate to severe dysplasia.