In vitro and in vivo assessment of a novel ultra-flexible ventriculoamniotic shunt for treating fetal hydrocephalus.

Fetal aqueductal stenosis (AS) is one of the most common causes of congenital hydrocephalus, which increases intracranial pressure due to partial or complete obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow within the ventricular system. Approximately 2-4 infants per 10,000 births develop AS, which leads to progressive hydrocephalus, which enlarges the head often necessitating delivery by cesarean section. Most babies born with AS are severely neurologically impaired and experience a lifetime of disability.

Combined nasal goniotomy - temporal trabeculotomy (NGTT) for circumferential angle surgery in primary congenital glaucoma.

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of combining nasal goniotomy with temporal trabeculotomy in the management of primary congenital glaucoma.

Design: Case series.

Methods: Fifteen eyes of eleven children (3-12 months old at presentation) were enrolled in this study after the establishment of PCG diagnosis based on the criteria placed by the World Glaucoma Association.

The relation of CD4CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells concentration with disease activity and damage index in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Introduction: Regulatory T cells (Treg) deficits, both quantitative and qualitative, are known to be possible triggers for the development of autoimmune disorders by causing T and B cells dysfunction. The contribution of Treg deficiency in the etiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is still being debated. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the percentage of circulating CD4CD25Foxp3 Treg cells in a cohort of Egyptian SLE patients and to correlate this value with the activity and damage index of these patients.

Mannose-binding lectin serum levels and (Gly54asp) gene polymorphism in recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A case-control study.

Dysregulation of the immune response appears to play a significant role in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) development. The main objective of this case-control study is to investigate the blood levels of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and the frequency of the MBL2 gene (gly54asp) polymorphism in RAS patients, including 40 RAS patients and 40 healthy controls. Serum MBL levels were determined by ELISA, while the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used in MBL2 genotyping.

Gyrate Atrophy of the Choroid and Retina: A Review.

Gyrate atrophy (GA) of the choroid and retina is a rare autosomal recessive genetic condition characterized by elevation of the plasma level of the amino acid ornithine due to deficiency of the enzyme ornithine ketoacid aminotransferase. Accumulation of ornithine occurs in various body tissues but leads primarily to characteristic ophthalmic manifestations including myopia, cataract, progressive chorioretinal atrophy, and macular changes. Patients usually present with night blindness that starts in the first decade of life followed by visual field constriction and eventually diminution of the central visual acuity and blindness.

Barley microgreen incorporation in diet-controlled diabetes and counteracted aflatoxicosis in rats.

Increased environmental pollution and unhealthy lifestyle are blamed for escalated chronic diseases. Exposure to aflatoxins was recently suggested to have a role in the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diet modification and consumption of different functional food are now gaining attention, especially in diabetes management.

Evaluating the Effect of Low Power Diode Laser 806 nm on the Healing of Unilateral Cleft Lip Scar: An Open-Label Comparative Study.

Objective: To investigate the effect of laser bio-modulation irradiation therapy on the scar after surgical correction of unilateral cleft lip.

Design: a comparative, open-label study.

Setting: we conducted the study in a university based tertiary hospital that recruited early wound healers of unilateral cleft lip correction.

Evidence-Based Design for Workplace Violence Prevention in Emergency Departments Utilizing CPTED and Space Syntax Analyses.

Background: Workplace violence (WPV) is a prevalent phenomenon in Egyptian emergency departments (EDs), an issue that threatens an already scarce resource of healthcare workers. Furthermore, changes and modifications are continuously taking place in hospitals, with no consideration to the important role those changes might play in reducing or encouraging WPV behaviors.

Objective: This research serves as an initial step in offering answers on how the environmental design of an ED can be modified and manipulated to prevent and control WPV.

Carvacrol hinders the progression of hepatic fibrosis via targeting autotaxin and thioredoxin in thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rat.

Fibrosis is a common outcome of nearly all chronic diseases of liver that results in changes of its functions which requires medical attention. The current research aims to investigate the potential anti-fibrotic efficacy of Carvacrol against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis in male rats using Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) as a reference anti-fibrotic product. Carvacrol (25 and 50 mg/kg) markedly declined TAA-increased serum liver enzymes; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) as well as total bilirubin (TB) and direct bilirubin (DB) levels as well as increased levels of total protein (TP) and albumin.

Culture of Care Enhancement in Egypt: The Impact of Laboratory Animal Science Training on Participants' Attitudes.

Cairo University was the first academic institution in Egypt to establish an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), as mandated by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Animal-based research should be performed in accordance with international regulations to monitor the humane care and use of the laboratory animals. Until 2018, the formal training of researchers in the appropriate and correct methods of animal handling during sampling and administration, as well as their husbandry demands, was an uncommon practice in Egypt.

Short-Term Efficacy of Presurgical Vacuum Formed Nasoalveolar Molding Aligners on Nose, Lip, and Maxillary Arch Morphology in Infants With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Prospective Clinical Trial.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term effect of series of preadjusted vacuum formed nasoalveolar molding VF NAM aligners on the morphology of nose, lip, and maxillary arch in infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).

Design: Prospective clinical trial.

Setting: Unilateral cleft lip and palate patients referred to outpatients' clinic.

Effectiveness of a Novel 3D-Printed Nasoalveolar Molding Appliance (D-NAM) on Improving the Maxillary Arch Dimensions in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to introduce and measure the effectiveness of a new 3D-printed nasoalveolar molding (D-NAM) appliance on improving the maxillary arch dimensions (MADs) in infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) before surgical lip repair.

Design: A prospective, balanced, randomized, parallel groups, single-blinded, controlled trial.

Setting: All the steps of the current study were carried in the Department of Orthodontics, Cairo University in Egypt.

Hepatic injury induced by radio frequency waves emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices in Wistar rats.

In this study, the impact of standard 2.45 GHz radio frequency source (averaged whole-body specific absorption rate 0.01 W kg 24 h daily for 40 consecutive days) on the liver of Wistar female rats was investigated.

Correlation Between Adenoid Hypertrophy, Tympanometry Findings, and Viscosity of Middle Ear Fluid in Chronic Otitis Media With Effusion, Southern Oman.

Otitis media with effusion is a common cause of diminished hearing in children younger than 12 years. Hypertrophy of adenoids is one of the commonest etiologies of this condition. It has been mentioned that with increased size of the adenoid tissue, the more likely the incidence of fluid in the middle ear.