"I Don't Want My Child to Be a Guinea Pig": Reasons for Non-Participation in a Parental Tobacco Cessation Trial in the Pediatric Emergency Department Setting.

(1) Background: Pediatric emergency department (PED) settings are opportune venues in which to recruit parental smokers into tobacco cessation interventions. However, the barriers associated with parents' participation in PED-based cessation trials are unknown. The objective was to explore parents' reasons for non-participation in a PED-based tobacco cessation trial.

Characteristics of health care interventions in affordable senior housing: A scoping review.

Aims: Older adults in affordable senior housing often experience chronic illness and unmet health care needs. This review describes studies reporting the characteristics and primary outcomes of health care interventions for older adults living in affordable senior housing.

Design: A scoping review METHODS: After a systematic search in three databases, a team of investigators screened 1,284 titles and abstracts and selected 31 records with reports on 28 studies for review.

EVIDENCE OF PROTOZOAN AND BACTERIAL INFECTION AND CO-INFECTION AND PARTIAL BLOOD FEEDING IN THE INVASIVE TICK HAEMAPHYSALIS LONGICORNIS IN PENNSYLVANIA.

The Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, an invasive tick species in the United States, has been found actively host-seeking while infected with several human pathogens. Recent work has recovered large numbers of partially engorged, host-seeking H. longicornis, which together with infection findings raises the question of whether such ticks can reattach to a host and transmit pathogens while taking additional bloodmeals.

Informed consent in cancer clinical drug trials in China: a narrative literature review of the past 20 years.

Background: Although the number of cancer clinical drug trials is increasing rapidly in China, issues concerning informed consent in this research context are understudied. By performing a narrative literature review, we aim to describe the current situation and identify the most salient challenges affecting informed consent in cancer clinical drug trials among adult patients in China since 2000.

Methods: We searched Web of Science (WOS), PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database on Disc (CBMdisc), Chinese Scientific Journals Fulltext Database (CQVIP), and WANFANG Data to identify relevant publications since 2000.

Knowledge and attitudes of Chinese medical postgraduates toward research ethics and research ethics committees: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Research ethics provides the ethical standards for conducting sound and safe research. The field of medical research in China is rapidly growing and facing various ethical challenges. However, in China, little empirical research has been conducted on the knowledge and attitudes of medical postgraduates toward research ethics and RECs.

Image analysis-based tumor infiltrating lymphocytes measurement predicts breast cancer pathologic complete response in SWOG S0800 neoadjuvant chemotherapy trial.

We assessed the predictive value of an image analysis-based tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) score for pathologic complete response (pCR) and event-free survival in breast cancer (BC). About 113 pretreatment samples were analyzed from patients with stage IIB-IIIC HER-2-negative BC randomized to neoadjuvant chemotherapy ± bevacizumab. TILs quantification was performed on full sections using QuPath open-source software with a convolutional neural network cell classifier (CNN11).

Associations between short-term exposure to PM, NO and O pollution and kidney-related conditions and the role of temperature-adjustment specification: A case-crossover study in New York state.

Epidemiologic evidence on the relationship between air pollution and kidney disease remains inconclusive. We evaluated associations between short-term exposure to PM, NO and O and unplanned hospital visits for seven kidney-related conditions (acute kidney failure [AKF], urolithiasis, glomerular diseases [GD], renal tubulo-interstitial diseases, chronic kidney disease, dysnatremia, and volume depletion; n = 1,209,934) in New York State (2007-2016). We applied a case-crossover design with conditional logistic regression, controlling for temperature, dew point temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation.

Evidence of Uranotaenia sapphirina (Diptera: Culicidae) feeding on annelid worms in the Northeastern United States.

Mosquito host-feeding behavior is an important parameter for determining the vector potential of mosquito species in a given locale. Despite the recent discovery of Uranotaenia sapphirina Osten Sacken feeding on annelid hosts in Florida, host association studies for this mosquito species in the United States remain limited. To investigate the blood-feeding pattern of Ur.

Lung Cancer Supportive Care and Symptom Management.

Lung cancer carries significant mortality and morbidity. In addition to treatment advances, supportive care may provide significant benefit for patients and their caregivers. A multidisciplinary approach is critical in addressing complications of lung cancer, including disease- and treatment-related complications, oncologic emergencies, symptom management and supportive care, and addressing the psychosocial needs of affected patients.

Qualitative exploration of longer versus shorter quit attempts among adults using E-Cigarettes for combustible cigarette cessation.

Empirical evidence about the effectiveness of using e-cigarettes to quit smoking cigarettes remains inconclusive, yet e-cigarettes are commonly used for smoking cessation. Moreover, people who have longer duration quit attempts are likely to have even longer quit attempts in the future. Researchers analyzed 40 qualitative interviews to assess adults' experiences using e-cigarettes during their longest duration quit attempt.

Dynamic changes of circulating soluble PD-1/PD-L1 and its association with patient survival in immune checkpoint blockade-treated melanoma.

Immune checkpoint PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 lead to T cell exhaustion, and a high level of circulating soluble PD-L1 at baseline indicates a poor prognosis in melanoma and other solid tumor types. Here we show that the dynamic changes of circulating soluble PD-1 and PD-L1 across the course of immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) and their changes associate with patient survival in melanoma in a retrospective study. A high change of soluble PD-L1 level at a time-point but not PD-1 significantly increased the mortality, whereas a high change of soluble PD-1/PD-L1 ratio significantly reduced the mortality.

Association of marital/partner status and patient-reported outcomes following myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Little is known about the relationship between marital/partner status and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) following myocardial infarction (MI). We conducted a systematic review/meta-analysis and explored potential sex differences.

Methods And Results: We searched five databases (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and PsycINFO) from inception to 27 July 2022.

Covid-19 vaccine acceptance among individuals incarcerated in Connecticut state jails.

Background: Vaccine hesitancy is common among incarcerated populations and, despite vaccination programs, vaccine acceptance within residents remains low, especially within jails. With the goal of assessing the Connecticut DOC's COVID-19 vaccine program within jails we examined if residents of DOC operated jails were more likely to become vaccinated following incarceration than in the community. Specifically, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis among people who spent at least one night in a DOC-operated jail between February 2 and November 8, 2021, and were eligible for vaccination at the time of incarceration (intake).

Associations between short-term temperature exposure and kidney-related conditions in New York State: The influence of temperature metrics across four dimensions.

Background: Evidence describing the relationship between short-term temperature exposure and kidney-related conditions is insufficient. It remains unclear how temperature specification affects estimation of these associations. This study aimed to assess associations between short-term temperature exposure and seven kidney-related conditions and to evaluate the influence of temperature specification.

Wearable Passive Samplers for Assessing Environmental Exposure to Organic Chemicals: Current Approaches and Future Directions.

Purpose Of Review: We are continuously exposed to dynamic mixtures of airborne contaminants that vary by location. Understanding the compositional diversity of these complex mixtures and the levels to which we are each exposed requires comprehensive exposure assessment. This comprehensive analysis is often lacking in population-based studies due to logistic and analytical challenges associated with traditional measurement approaches involving active air sampling and chemical-by-chemical analysis.

The first nicotine product tried is associated with current multiple nicotine product use and nicotine dependence among a nationally representative sample of U.S. youths.

This study examines the demographic factors associated with youths' first product tried (i.e., cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, hookah, or smokeless tobacco).

A novel Bayesian framework for harmonizing information across tissues and studies to increase cell type deconvolution accuracy.

Computational cell type deconvolution on bulk transcriptomics data can reveal cell type proportion heterogeneity across samples. One critical factor for accurate deconvolution is the reference signature matrix for different cell types. Compared with inferring reference signature matrices from cell lines, rapidly accumulating single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data provide a richer and less biased resource.

Prediction of fat mass from anthropometry at ages 7 to 9 years in Samoans: a cross-sectional study in the Ola Tuputupua'e cohort.

Background/objective: With increasing obesity prevalence in children globally, accurate and practical methods for quantifying body fat are critical for effective monitoring and prevention, particularly in high-risk settings. No population is at higher risk of obesity than Pacific Islanders, including children living in the independent nation of Samoa. We developed and validated sex-specific prediction models for fat mass in Samoan children.

Racial and ethnic differences in the association of social cohesion and social capital with HIV testing.

HIV testing rates vary by race and ethnicity. Whether social capital indicators are related to HIV testing and whether these associations differ by race or ethnicity is unknown. Multivariable analysis was used to examine whether social capital (collective engagement and civic and social participation), including social cohesion (trust in neighbors, neighbors willing to help, feelings of belongingness) were associated with testing for HIV in the past 12 months.

Exercise adherence in a randomized controlled trial of exercise on quality of life in ovarian cancer survivors.

Purpose: Factors associated with improving exercise in ovarian cancer survivors remain unknown. We explored characteristics associated with exercise adherence among women treated for ovarian cancer in the Women's Activity and Lifestyle Study in Connecticut (WALC) randomized controlled trial.

Methods: We evaluated adherence among women randomized to the WALC exercise intervention (N = 74).