Screening Young Adult Cancer Patients for Vocational Rehabilitation Services: A Vocational Rehabilitation Readiness Screening Tool.

Purpose: We aimed to develop an online vocational rehabilitation (VR) readiness screening (VRRS) tool for young adults diagnosed with cancer. VR readiness was defined as being physically and cognitively ready to enter or return to work or school.

Methods: We developed an initial VRRS tool informed by previous studies, a scoping review to determine such a tool had not already been developed, and consultation with subject matter experts.

Workflow improvements from automated large vessel occlusion detection algorithms are dependent on care team engagement.

Background: Automated machine learning (ML)-based large vessel occlusion (LVO) detection algorithms have been shown to improve in-hospital workflow metrics including door-to-groin time (DTG). The degree to which care team engagement and interaction are required for these benefits remains incompletely characterized.

Methods: This analysis was conducted as a pre-planned post-hoc analysis of a randomized prospective clinical trial.

Addressing residual and recurrent aneurysms post-Woven EndoBridge device embolization: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Early literature on the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device reported 80-90% adequate aneurysm occlusion but low complete occlusion (40-55%). It is uncertain whether residual or recurrent aneurysms require re-treatment to prevent future rupture.

Objective: To systematically review the literature to meta-analyze occlusion and complication rates after re-treatment of these aneurysms.

Characteristics of injury deaths among homeless and non-homeless US veterans (2017-2021).

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess whether experiencing homelessness may be associated with future risk of injury death and characterise these injury deaths by homelessness status among veterans who received healthcare through the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 6 128 921 veterans (399 125 homeless and 5 729 796 non-homeless) who received VA healthcare between 2017 and 2020 and were followed until 2021 using linked data from VA's Corporate Data Warehouse, Homeless Operations Management System and the VA/Department of Defense Joint Mortality Data Repository. Injury death rates were estimated by homelessness status with 95% CIs using the exact Poisson method.

A Community Initiative to Increase Colorectal Cancer Knowledge, Awareness, and Intent to Screen in an Underserved Region.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States despite the availability of effective preventive screening. This project was designed as a community awareness initiative to increase CRC awareness, knowledge, and intent to discuss and complete CRC screening. This quasi-experimental study had a QI focus and used a convenience sample in a public setting assessing CRC awareness, knowledge, and intent to discuss and complete screening after participating in an inflatable colon tour.

Milk-derived bioactive peptides in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes is a global health issue affecting over 6% of the world and 11 % of the US population. It is closely linked to insulin resistance, a pivotal factor in Type 2 diabetes development. This review explores a promising avenue for addressing insulin resistance through the lens of Milk-Derived Bioactive Peptides (MBAPs).

Methods to Adjust for Confounding in Test-Negative Design COVID-19 Effectiveness Studies: Simulation Study.

Background: Real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies are investigating exposures of increasing complexity accounting for time since vaccination. These studies require methods that adjust for the confounding that arises when morbidities and demographics are associated with vaccination and the risk of outcome events. Methods based on propensity scores (PS) are well-suited to this when the exposure is dichotomous, but present challenges when the exposure is multinomial.

Optic nerve sheath schwannoma: illustrative case.

Background: Optic nerve schwannomas are an extremely rare pathology in neurosurgery. Their origin is rather debatable given the structure of the optic nerve, which does not typically have Schwann cells therein. However, a number of clinical cases of optic nerve tumors classified as schwannomas have been described in the literature.

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Occlusions With Large Ischemic Strokes: Insights From the SELECT2 Trial.

Background And Objectives: Although previous trials have established the efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in large ischemic core strokes, most of them excluded patients with extracranial internal carotid artery (e-ICA) occlusion. We aimed to compare outcomes in patients with e-ICA occlusion and large ischemic core infarcts treated with EVT vs medical management (MM).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the SELECT2 trial, a randomized controlled trial conducted at 31 international sites.

Botensilimab (Fc-enhanced anti-cytotoxic lymphocyte-association protein-4 antibody) Plus Balstilimab (anti-PD-1 antibody) in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Metastatic Sarcomas.

Purpose: Outcomes for patients with advanced sarcomas are poor and there is a high unmet need to develop novel therapies. The purpose of this phase I study was to define the safety and efficacy of botensilimab (BOT), an Fc-enhanced anti-cytotoxic lymphocyte-association protein-4 antibody, plus balstilimab (BAL), an anti-PD-1 antibody, in advanced sarcomas.

Methods: BOT was administered intravenously (IV) at 1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg once every 6 weeks in combination with BAL IV at 3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks for up to 2 years.

Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Pets of Harris County, Texas, Revealed More Common Pet Infections in Households With Human COVID-19 Cases.

Local health departments can play a critical role in zoonoses surveillance at the human-domestic animal interface, especially when existing public health services and close relationships with community groups can be leveraged. Investigators at Harris County Veterinary Public Health employed a community-based surveillance tool for identifying severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in dogs and cats in June--December 2021. Diagnosis was made using both RT-qPCR testing of oral and nasal swabs and plaque reduction neutralization testing of serum samples.

Menthol cigarette use in US pregnancies: Prevalence, racial/ethnic disparities, and associated characteristics from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

Introduction: Pregnant people who smoke constitute a uniquely vulnerable population likely to be impacted by a menthol cigarette (MC) ban. However, there are no published reports of prevalence of prenatal MC use in a nationally-representative US sample including racial-ethnic disparities and associated characteristics.

Methods: Participants were 1245 US pregnant people who smoked MC or non-MC (NMC) in the past 30-days from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Shooter's Abscess: Foot Infections in People Who Inject Drugs.

Musculoskeletal infections are common among people who inject drugs. Little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of skin and soft-tissue infections in this patient population, especially in the lower extremity. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics, bacterial pathogens, and clinical outcomes in adults with foot infections due to intravenous drug use.

Apixaban to Prevent Covert Infarcts After Cryptogenic Stroke in Patients With Atrial Cardiopathy: A Secondary Analysis of the ARCADIA Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: In the Atrial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs in Prevention After Cryptogenic Stroke (ARCADIA) randomized clinical trial, anticoagulation did not prevent recurrent stroke among patients with a recent cryptogenic stroke and atrial cardiopathy. It is unknown whether anticoagulation prevents covert infarcts in this population.

Objective: To test the use of apixaban vs aspirin for prevention of nonlacunar covert infarcts after cryptogenic stroke in patients with atrial cardiopathy.

Essential Thrombocythemia: A Review.

Importance: Essential thrombocythemia, a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm with excessive platelet production, is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis and bleeding. The annual incidence rate of essential thrombocythemia in the US is 1.5/100 000 persons.

Evaluation of Accuracy and Safety of the 365-Day Implantable Eversense Continuous Glucose Monitoring System: The ENHANCE Study.

The implanted Eversense Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) System transitioned from 90- to 180- to 365-day durations marketed today. This report summarizes the 365-day clinical study. ENHANCE was a prospective, multicenter study evaluating the accuracy and safety of the Eversense 365 CGM system through 1 year in adults with diabetes.

Concomitant Cartilage Procedures With Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Do Not Substantially Alter Failure or Survival Rates Relative to Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Without Cartilage Procedures: A Systematic Review.

Background: Timely recognition and addressing of concomitant cartilage damage at the time of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) is critical to warrant future success. However, there remains a scarcity of data comparing outcomes between MAT with and without cartilage procedures.

Purpose: To compare patient-reported outcomes and rates of complications, failures, reoperations, and graft survivorship after MAT with concomitant cartilage procedures (MAT/Cart) and MAT without (MAT/NoCart).

Caught in the Crossfire: A Single Institution's 10-Year Experience with Pediatric Firearm Injury.

Introduction: Pediatric firearm-related injuries are now the leading cause of death among children in the United States. We sought to characterize the experience of a large free-standing children's hospital treating children with firearm injuries.

Methods: We reviewed all 2012-2022 gunshot wound encounters using the institutional trauma database of an urban Level 1 pediatric trauma center in Texas.

Passive dehydration reduces muscle thickness after resistance exercise.

Unlabelled: Dehydration-induced increased plasma osmolality (P) alters whole body fluid balance which could alter resistance exercise (RE) induced intramuscular (IM) fluid shift.

Purpose: The purpose of the current report was to investigate the effect of dehydration on RE-induced change in whole body fluid balance in resistance trained (RT) men.

Methods: Fourteen RT men performed two identical RE sessions, either in a hydrated (EUHY) or dehydrated (DEHY) state induced by a 24 hr fluid restriction.

Sudden cardiac death associated with fatty liver disease.

Background: Fatty liver disease or steatotic liver disease (SLD) affects 25% of the global population and has been associated with heart disease. However, there is a lack of postmortem studies in the context of sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between SLD and SCD.

Dual Biologic Therapy Induces Remission in Refractory Crohn's Disease With Vedolizumab and Ustekinumab.

Background: Despite advancements in the therapeutic armamentarium for Crohn's disease (CD), biologic and small molecule monotherapies are associated with sub-optimal response and remission rates. Utilizing dual biologic therapy (DBT) holds the potential to increase efficacy in the treatment of refractory or partially responsive CD. Evidence pertaining to this strategy remains limited.

New taxa of butterflies supported by genomic analysis.

Continuing with the genomic analysis of butterflies, we present a taxonomic update. As a result of this work, 3 genera, 6 subgenera, 16 species, and 2 subspecies are described as new. New genera and subgenera are (type species in parenthesis): Grishin, ( W.

Hyperhomocysteinemia-associated Thrombosis in Patients With Pernicious Anemia.

Introduction: Cobalamin deficiency (CD) due to pernicious anemia (PA) leads to hyperhomocystinemia, a risk factor for thrombosis. However, the clinical presentations and outcomes of hyperhomocystinemia-associated thrombosis (HAT) are not fully understood.

Methods: We undertook a literature search using PUBMED, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE databases for the terms "pernicious anemia AND thrombosis", "pernicious anemia AND embolism", "pernicious anemia AND thromboembolism", "autoimmune gastritis AND thrombosis", "autoimmune gastritis AND embolism", "autoimmune gastritis AND thromboembolism" through January 2024 and reviewed the published literature.

Assessment of Contributing Risk Factors Leading to Heart Failure in Patients Who Are Methamphetamine Users.

Background: Methamphetamine abuse is a public health problem across the world, and the cardiovascular system experiences a significant effect on the myocardium over time. Methamphetamine is a common cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The prevalence and risk factors for HFpEF and HFrEF in this patient population remain unclear.

Clinical, immunophenotypic, and genomic findings of acute myeloid leukemia with RAM immunophenotype: Comparison with other CD56-positive acute leukemias.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with RAM immunophenotype is a newly recognized high-risk AML immunophenotypic subcategory characterized by blasts with bright expression of CD56 and weak to absent expression of CD45, HLA-DR, and CD38, as first described by the Children's Oncology Group (COG). The relationship between AML-RAM and other CD56-positive acute leukemias is unclear. The goal of this study is to characterize the clinicopathological characteristics of AML with RAM phenotype and compare them with other CD56 co-expressing acute leukemias.