Navigating motherhood: biological and landscape factors affecting postpartum movement in white-tailed deer.

Background: Population growth and management in cervid species is dependent on reproductive ecology and factors influencing juvenile survival. Aspects of the female's movement behavior likely affect juvenile survival and movement patterns of pregnant and lactating females differ from non-pregnant or non-lactating females. Explanations for these differing movement patterns include change in nutritional demands for the female, isolation during parturition, and predator avoidance.

Evaluation of White Rot Fungus to Control Growth of Escherichia coli in Cattle Manure.

Biological soil amendments of animal origin, such as aqueous dairy manure, may be contaminated with microbial pathogens that can subsequently result in contaminated soil, water runoff, and crops. Multiple mitigation strategies are being evaluated to reduce these risks. Inclusion of filamentous fungus in a biofiltration system to inactivate pathogenic bacteria in aqueous dairy manure prior to land application is explored in this study as a preharvest preventative method.

Rice husk and husk biochar soil amendments store soil carbon while water management controls dissolved organic matter chemistry in well-weathered soil.

Rice agriculture feeds over half the world's population, and paddy soils impact the carbon cycle through soil organic carbon (SOC) preservation and production of carbon dioxide (CO) and methane (CH), which are greenhouse gases (GHG). Rice husk is a nutrient-rich, underutilized byproduct of rice milling that is sometimes pyrolyzed or combusted. It is unresolved how the incorporation of these residues affects C dynamics in paddy soil.

, , and Evaluation of the Developmental Toxicity, Estrogenic Activity, and Mutagenicity of Four Natural Phenolic Flavonoids at Low Exposure Levels.

Flavonoids are bioactive phenolic compounds widely present in plant food and used in various nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products. However, recent studies showed rising concerns of endocrine disruptions and developmental toxicities for many flavonoids. To understand the impacts of flavonoid structure on toxicity, we used a new multitiered platform to investigate the toxicities of four common flavonoids, luteolin, apigenin, quercetin, and genistein, from flavone, flavonol, and isoflavone.

Indicator of redox in soil (IRIS) films as a water management tool for rice farmers.

Rice is a crucial part of the world's food supply but is also susceptible to uptake of contaminants including arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) depending on the soil redox potential. Careful control of soil redox state by implementing alternate wetting and drying (AWD) water management can decrease mobility of soil As and Cd, but can be difficult to manage. Indicators of reduction in soil (IRIS) tubes and films have been studied by pedologists for wetland delineation; here, we explore the use of the IRIS film technology as passive samplers of soil redox potential in rice paddies.

Contrasting effects of rice husk pyrolysis temperature on silicon dissolution and retention of cadmium (Cd) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA).

Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are two toxins that affect rice, and their ability to do so may be lessened by soil incorporation of rice husk residues. Rice husks are typically removed from fields and used as a fuel source at rice mills but contain silicon (Si) and other nutrients. It has previously been shown that soil incorporation of rice husk or charred husk can release Si to soil solution to decrease As uptake and promote As methylation, and studies suggest char can additionally decrease Cd availability through several potential mechanisms including adsorption, precipitation, liming, and growth dilution.

Can the updated nutrition facts label decrease sugar-sweetened beverage consumption?

Sugar-sweetened beverages are the primary source of added sugar consumption in the U.S, and the Food and Drug Administration recently updated the Nutrition Facts Label to communicate the amount of added sugars in manufactured food. The changes to the Nutrition Facts Label (NFL) is concurrent with some cities implementing policies that place an excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages.

Revisiting Hunter Perceptions toward Chronic Wasting Disease: Changes in Behavior over Time.

Hunter behavior varies in relation to perceived risk of Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) and changes in perceptions of CWD will lead to changes in behavior over time. During 2018, we surveyed deer (Odocoileus virginianus or Cervus nippon) hunters from Maryland, USA, regarding behavioral changes due to CWD. We matched 477 respondents to their harvest record and created two geographical groups based on harvest history in counties closest to disease presence.

A review of New World Malaxa (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae).

The New World species attributed to the genus Malaxa Melichar (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae) are reviewed with special reference to the type species Malaxa acutipennis from the Philippines. We provide an amended diagnosis for Malaxa acutipennis contrasted with the genus delineation presented for Chinese Malaxa, most recently by Hou et al. (2013).

Theileriosis in Multiple Neonatal White-tailed Deer ( Odocoileus virginianus) in Delaware, USA.

Postmortem examination of 21 neonatal white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus) from Delaware, US identified six fawns with Theileria spp. organisms or suspected infection.

Impacts of soil incorporation of pre-incubated silica-rich rice residue on soil biogeochemistry and greenhouse gas fluxes under flooding and drying.

Incorporation of silica-rich rice husk residue into flooded paddy soil decreases arsenic uptake by rice. However, the impact of this practice on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and elemental cycling is unresolved particularly as amended soils experience recurrent flooding and drying cycles. We evaluated the impact of pre-incubated silica-rich rice residue incorporation to soils on pore water chemistry and soil GHG fluxes (i.

Survival and growth of Listeria monocytogenes on whole cantaloupes is dependent on site of contamination and storage temperature.

Whole cantaloupes (Cucumis melo L.), marketed as 'Rocky Ford', were implicated in a large multi-state outbreak of listeriosis in the United States in 2011; however, survival and growth of Listeria monocytogenes on whole cantaloupes remains relatively unexplored. The research presented here evaluated three different storage temperatures, two sites of contamination of cantaloupes, and two cantaloupe varieties to determine their effect on the survival of L.

Listeria monocytogenes: Strain Heterogeneity, Methods, and Challenges of Subtyping.

Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne bacterial pathogen that is associated with 20% to 30% case fatality rate. L. monocytogenes is a genetically heterogeneous species, with a small fraction of strains (serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 4b) implicated in human listeriosis.

First Report of Boxwood Blight Caused by Calonectria pseudonaviculata in Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and New York.

Boxwood (Buxus spp.) are commercially important evergreen ornamental plants with an annual market value of over $103 million in the United States. The recent U.

Dispersal behavior of neonate European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on Bt corn.

European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), has historically been a significant economically important insect pest of corn (Zea mays L.) in the United States and Canada. The development in the 1990s of genetically modified corn expressing genes derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that encodes insecticidal crystalline (Cry) proteins has proven to be effective in controlling this insect as well as other corn pests.

Feeding behavior of neonate Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on Cry1Ab Bt corn: implications for resistance management.

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is an economically important insect pest of corn, Zea mays L., in the United States and Canada. The development of genetically modified corn expressing genes derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that encodes insecticidal crystalline (Cry) proteins has proven to be effective in controlling this insect.

Dispersal and movement behavior of neonate European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on non-Bt and transgenic Bt corn.

Neonate movement and dispersal behavior of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), were investigated under controlled conditions on Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and non-Bt corn, Zea mays L., to assess plant abandonment, dispersal from their natal plant, and silking behavior after Bt and non-Bt preexposure. With continuous airflow, neonates on a Bt corn plant for 24 h abandoned that plant 1.

Exports of dissolved ammonium (NH(4)(+)) during storm events across multiple catchments in a glaciated forested watershed.

Storm event exports of dissolved NH(4)(+) were explored for multiple events in the Point Peter Brook watershed (PPBW), a glaciated, forested watershed located in Western New York, USA. Investigations were performed across four catchments (1.6-696 ha) with varying topography and the extent of surface-saturated areas.