Enhanced tetracycline degradation using carbonized PEI-grafted lignin microspheres supported Fe-loading catalyst across a wide pH range in Fenton-like reactions.

Traditional homogeneous Fenton systems face limitations, including a narrow pH range, potential secondary pollution, and poor repeatability. In this study, these bottlenecks in tetracycline wastewater treatment were addressed with using carbonized porous polyethyleneimine-grafted lignin microspheres (PLMs) supported Fe-loading catalysts (PLMs/Fe-C). An optimized PLMs/Fe-C catalyst under specific conditions (carbonization temperature: 350 °C, PLMs: Fe = 1:1, and alkali lignin: PEI = 1:4) was developed, which proved to be an efficient Fenton-like catalyst for tetracycline (TC) degradation.

Effects of the addition of cassava starch and the size of water clusters on physicochemical and cooking properties of rice noodles.

It is meaningful to explore the addition of additives and the structural characteristics of water on the quality of rice noodles. Herein, the effects of the addition of cassava starch and the size of water clusters on physicochemical and cooking properties of rice noodles were systematically studied. The addition of 25 % cassava starch effectively enhanced the swelling performance and textural properties of rice noodles.

Linear elastic iterative method for stability ultimate capacity of equal-leg angle towers.

An efficient linear elastic iterative method is proposed for the stability ultimate capacity of equal-leg angle towers, using an elastic modulus adjustment strategy in this paper. The angle steel stability generalized yield function (GYF) of AS/NZS4600 is selected, on which a precise homogeneous generalized yield function (HGYF) is developed through dimensionless analysis and regression. Based on the HGYF, the element bearing ratio is proposed as a dynamic threshold for distinguishing high-stress and low-stress elements in equal-leg angle elements.

Neutrophil extracellular traps formation and autophagy in bongkrekic acid exposed human neutrophils.

Bongkrekic acid (BKA), a less well-known foodborne toxin, has been implicated in numerous poisoning incidents. Recent studies suggest that BKA exerts an impact on the immune system, particularly on innate immunity. The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is relatively a newly-discovered mechanism involving innate immunity.

Enhancing Stability and Catalytic Activity of d-Allulose 3-Epimerase through Multistrategy Computational Design and Cross-Regional Advantageous Mutations.

d-Allulose 3-epimerase (DAEase) derived from has excellent properties in the catalytic production of d-allulose, a rare sugar with unique biological functions. However, the industrial application of DAEase (Cb-DAEase) for d-allulose production is hindered by its low enzyme activity, poor long-term thermostability, and pH tolerance. In this study, we identified potential noncatalytic residues in Cb-DAEase using methods such as proline substitution, surface charge engineering, and surface residue prediction.

Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Embryonic Development Through Regulation of Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is one of the main active components of the natural medicine propolis, which has antioxidant, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory activities. This study aimed to analyze the effects and underlying mechanisms of CAPE added to the medium of in vitro cultures on the developmental competence, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum of porcine embryos. The results demonstrated that 1 nM of CAPE significantly improved the quality of porcine embryos, increased the rate of blastocyst formation, and enhanced the proliferation ability.

Flexible and Stable GaN Piezoelectric Sensor for Motion Monitoring and Fall Warning.

Wearable devices have potential applications in health monitoring and personalized healthcare due to their portability, conformability, and excellent mechanical flexibility. However, their performance is often limited by instability in acidic or basic environments. In this study, a flexible sensor with excellent stability based on a GaN nanoplate was developed through a simple and controllable fabrication process, where the linearity and stability remained at almost 99% of the original performance for 40 days in an air atmosphere.

Role of Milk Intake in Modulating Serum Lipid Profiles and Gut Metabolites.

Background/objectives: Milk is one of the main sources of nutrition in people's daily diet, but the fat in milk raises health concerns in consumers. Here, we aimed to elucidate the impact of Buffalo milk and Holstein cow milk consumption on blood lipid health through metabolomics analysis.

Methods: Golden hamsters were administered Murrah Buffalo milk (BM) or Holstein cow milk (HM), and the body weight and serum lipid indicators were tested and recorded.

Comparative Genomics and Pathogenicity Analysis of Three Fungal Isolates Causing Barnyard Grass Blast.

Barnyard grass is one of the most serious rice weeds, often growing near paddy fields and therefore potentially serving as a bridging host for the rice blast fungus. In this study, we isolated three fungal strains from diseased barnyard grass leaves in a rice field. Using a pathogenicity assay, we confirmed that they were capable of causing blast symptoms on barnyard grass and rice leaves to various extents.

Characterization of the CBM50 Gene Family in and Identification of the Putative Effector Gene ThCBM50_1.

Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are essential virulence factors in phytopathogens, particularly the extensively studied members from the CBM50 gene family, which are known as lysin motif (LysM) effectors and which play crucial roles in plant-pathogen interactions. However, the function of CBM50 in has yet to be fully studied. In this study, we identified seven CBM50 genes from the genome through complete sequence analysis and functional annotation.

High-Performance and Anti-Freezing Moisture-Electric Generator Combining Ion-Exchange Membrane and Ionic Hydrogel.

Moisture-electric generators (MEGs), which convert moisture chemical potential energy into electrical power, are attracting increasing attention as clean energy harvesting and conversion technologies. However, existing devices suffer from inadequate moisture trapping, intermittent electric output, suboptimal performance at low relative humidity (RH), and limited ion separation efficiency. This study designs an ionic hydrogel MEG capable of continuously generating energy with enhanced selective ion transport and sustained ion-to-electron current conversion at low RH by integrating an ion-exchange membrane (IEM-MEG).

Centipeda minima extracts and the active sesquiterpene lactones have therapeutic efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer by suppressing Skp2/p27 signaling pathway.

Ethnophamacological Relevance: Centipeda minima (L.) A. Braun & Asch (C.

Scalable fabrication of biohybrid magnetic MOF-based micromotors for toxin enrichment.

Contemporary industrial production and human activity release numerous toxins into our environment. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are potential candidates for addressing these toxins due to their ultrahigh surface area, tailored pore size, and responsiveness to stimuli. With the rise of micro/nanomotor, imparting active motion to MOFs becomes crucial for efficiently performing tasks in challenging locations.

Efficient Separation of Poplar Lignin Using a New Carboxylic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents - Choline Chloride/Malonic Acid.

Separation of lignin by pretreatment is an important step in biomass refining. This study investigated how a novel dicarboxylic acid-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) - choline chloride (ChCl)/malonic acid (MA) - affected the process of separating lignin from poplar. At 140 °C for 3.

Rapid on-site diagnosis of PEDV and PoRV co-infection by gold magnetic nanoparticles-based SERS immunochromatography.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine rotavirus (PoRV) are the two main pathogens causing porcine diarrhea, which are characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Most of the diagnostic methods available are limited to the laboratory or fail to highlight their advantages in terms of target species, detection time, sensitivity, and stability. To meet the demand for rapid on-site diagnosis of PEDV and PoRV co-infection, a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) immunochromatographic sensor based on gold magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was developed.

Hydrogen sulfide in plant cold stress: functions, mechanisms, and challenge.

Cold stress is an environmental factor that seriously restricts the growth, production and survival of plants, and has received extensive attention in recent years. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an ubiquitous gas signaling molecule, and its role in alleviating plant cold stress has become a research focus in recent years. This paper reviews for the first time the significant effect of HS on improving plant cold resistance, which makes up for the gaps in the existing literature.

Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity evaluation of a novel Cluster 3 Tembusu virus isolated from geese in China.

Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a significant pathogen that poses a considerable threat to the waterfowl farming industry in China and is classified into three distinct genetic clusters. In 2024, a suspected outbreak of TMUV infection was reported at a goose farm in Guangdong Province, China. A strain of TMUV, designated GDE19-2024, was successfully isolated using chicken embryos.

Reversible and irreversible retention of heavy metals in saturated porous media: association with kaolin.

Contamination of heavy metals (HMs) has caused increasing concern due to their ecological toxicities and difficulties in degradation. The transport, retention, and release of HMs in porous media are highly related to their environmental fate and risk to groundwater. Column transport experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the retention and release behaviors of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn in the presence and absence of kaolin under varying ionic strengths and cation types.

Comparative lipidomics analysis reveals changes in lipid profile of Arabica coffee at different maturity.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of maturity on the changes in major lipid metabolites of coffee and their associated pathways. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS was used to compare the lipidomic profiles of coffee beans at five different maturity stages. A total of 516 lipid metabolites across 26 subclasses were identified, with 111 showing significant differences.

Salinity stress and recovery of the algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) system under the influence of different N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs).

The algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) system was established to explore the effect of 1% salinity condition, determine the recovery process following salinity disturbance, and probe the impacts of two N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) on the system. Exposure to 1% salinity led to the reduction of filaments and an increase in TB-EPS contents within the ABGS system. The phosphorus removal performance of the ABGS system severely decreased at 1% salinity and did not restore fully during the subsequent recovery stage, demonstrating that salinity stress induced long-term inhibition.

Efficient Output and Stability Triboelectric Materials Enabled by High Deep Trap Density.

With the increasing global focus on sustainable materials, paper is favored for its biodegradability and low cost. Their integration with triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) establishes broad prospects for self-powered, paper-based triboelectric materials. However, these materials inherently lack efficient charge storage structures, leading to rapid charge dissipation.

Development of a novel NIR-II fluorescence probe for monitoring serum albumin fluctuation in cerebra neurotoxicity induced by manganese exposure.

Manganese is essential for various biological functions; however, excessive exposure can lead to significant health risks, particularly brain neurotoxicity. Understanding manganese-induced alterations in brain serum protein levels and brain function is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying manganese neurotoxicity. To address this, we developed a novel NIR-II fluorescent probe, RSM, characterized by robust binding to serum albumin and high sensitivity.

Transcriptomic and physiological analyses reveal the toxic effects of inorganic filters (nZnO and nTiO) on scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis.

The effects of sunscreen on scleractinian corals have garnered widespread attention; however, the toxic effects and mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the toxicological effects of two common inorganic filters used in sunscreens, nano zinc oxide and titanium dioxide (nZnO and nTiO₂), on the reef-building coral Galaxea fascicularis, focusing on the phenotypic, physiological, and transcriptomic responses. The results showed that after exposure to 0.

E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH-mediated proteasomal degradation of WBP2 sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy through restraining AMOTL2/c-JUN axis.

Our study had demonstrated that WW domain-binding protein 2 (WBP2) conferred chemoresistance in breast cancer (BC). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, a decreased expression of itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH) was observed in drug-resistant BC tissues which negatively regulated the expression of WBP2.