β-CD-MOF-based edible antimicrobial packaging film with humidity-controlled carvacrol release for preserving fresh strawberry.

The development of safe, environmentally friendly, edible antimicrobial packaging films represents a promising alternative to conventional plastic packaging for reducing spoilage and extending the shelf life of fresh food. Here, we propose a novel strategy to construct edible β-CD-MOF/carvacrol@zein (BCCZ) composite films by intertwining β-CD-MOF loaded with the antimicrobial essential oil carvacrol, and zein. The resulting BCCZ films exhibit high humidity-triggered, long-lasting bactericidal efficacy, effective fruit preservation, and excellent biosafety.

Natural starches suitable for 3D printing: Rhizome and seed starch from Millettia speciosa champ, a non-conventional source.

The demand for exploring and investigating novel starches for various applications has been high, yet starches abundant in Millettia speciosa Champ (M. speciose) plants have barely been studied. This study aims to investigate the multiscale structure and physicochemical properties, especially good hot-extrusion 3D printability of M.

DICCR: Double-gated intervention and confounder causal reasoning for vision-language navigation.

Vision-language navigation (VLN) is a challenging task that requires agents to capture the correlation between different modalities from redundant information according to instructions, and then make sequential decisions on visual scenes and text instructions in the action space. Recent research has focused on extracting visual features and enhancing text knowledge, ignoring the potential bias in multi-modal data and the problem of spurious correlations between vision and text. Therefore, this paper studies the relationship structure between multi-modal data from the perspective of causality and weakens the potential correlation between different modalities through cross-modal causality reasoning.

Tunable NiSe-NiSe Heterojunction for Energy-Efficient Hydrogen Production by Coupling Urea Degradation.

Urea-assisted water splitting is a promising energy-saving hydrogen (H) production technology. However, its practical application is hindered by the lack of high-performance bifunctional catalysts for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a heterostructured catalyst comprising highly active NiSe and NiSe, along with a conductive graphene-coated nickel foam skeleton (NiSe-NiSe/GNF) is reported.

Correction: Abdulrahim et al. Evaluation of Tissue Tropism and Horizontal Transmission of a Duck Enteritis Virus Vectored Vaccine in One-Day-Old Chicken. 2024, , 1681.

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Identification of QTLs and Key Genes Enhancing Lodging Resistance in Soybean Through Chemical and Physical Trait Analysis.

Lodging of soybean ( (L.) Merril.) significantly reduces seed yield and quality, particularly in high-yielding environments.

Integrons in the Age of Antibiotic Resistance: Evolution, Mechanisms, and Environmental Implications: A Review.

Integrons, which are genetic components commonly found in bacteria, possess the remarkable capacity to capture gene cassettes, incorporate them into their structure, and thereby contribute to an increase in genomic complexity and phenotypic diversity. This adaptive mechanism allows integrons to play a significant role in acquiring, expressing, and spreading antibiotic resistance genes in the modern age. To assess the current challenges posed by integrons, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of their characteristics.

One-Step Multiplex Real-Time Fluorescent Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR for Simultaneous Detection of Four Waterfowl Viruses.

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), duck hepatitis virus (DHV), Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV), and Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV) represent four emergent infectious diseases impacting waterfowl, which can be challenging to differentiate due to overlapping clinical signs. In response to this, we have developed a one-step multiplex real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay, capable of simultaneously detecting DTMUV, DHV, MDRV, and MDPV. This method exhibits high specificity, avoiding cross-reactivity with other viruses such as Fowl adenoviruses (FADV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), Haemophilus paragallinarum (Hpg), duck circovirus (DUCV), goose astrovirus (GoAstV), and mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG).

Metagenome-Assembled Genomes of Pig Fecal Samples in Nine European Countries: Insights into Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Viruses.

Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the health and productivity of pigs. However, the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and viruses within the pig intestinal microbiota poses significant threats to animal and public health. This study utilized 181 pig samples from nine European countries and employed metagenomic assembly methods to investigate the dynamics and distribution of ARGs and viruses within the pig intestinal microbiota, aiming to observing their associations with potential bacterial hosts.

Molecular Design and Mechanism Study of Non-Activated Collectors for Sphalerite (ZnS) Based on Coordination Chemistry Theory and Quantum Chemical Simulation.

Sphalerite flotation is generally achieved by copper activation followed by xanthate collection. This study aims to propose a design idea to find novel collectors from the perspective of molecular design and prove the theoretical feasibility that the collector can effectively recover sphalerite without copper activation. To address this, 30 compounds containing different structures of sulfur atoms and different neighboring atoms were designed based on coordination chemistry.

Heterogenous Epoxidation of Isobutene Selectively Enabled by MoSe in Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP).

Herein, a high selective epoxidation of isobutene was achieved by heterogeneously dispersed MoSe with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), which further showed versatile substrate scopes and well-retained activity among recycling tests. A rational mechanism is proposed based on extensive control experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, surprisingly unveiling the metal-oxo and radical mediated pathways dramatically accelerated by hydrogen bonds of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP).

The Microbial Diversity and Traceability Analysis of Raw Milk from Buffalo Farms at Different Management Ranks in Guangxi Province.

Farm management has a significant impact on microbial composition and may affect the quality of raw buffalo milk. This study involved a diversity analysis and traceability of the microbial communities in raw buffalo milk from three buffalo farms at different management ranks in Guangxi Province, China. The microbial composition of the raw buffalo milk and its environmental sources were investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

Recent achievements in noble metal-based oxide electrocatalysts for water splitting.

The search for sustainable energy sources has accelerated the exploration of water decomposition as a clean H production method. Among the methods proposed, H production water electrolysis has garnered considerable attention. However, the process of H production from water electrolysis is severely limited by the slow kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction and large intrinsic overpotentials at the anode; therefore, suitable catalysts need to be found to accelerate the reaction rate.

Coupling Nitrate-to-Ammonia Conversion and Sulfion Oxidation Reaction Over Hierarchical Porous Spinel MFeO (M═Ni, Co, Fe, Mn) in Wastewater.

The construction of coupled electrolysis systems utilizing renewable energy sources for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction and sulfion oxidation reactions (NORR and SOR), is considered a promising approach for environmental remediation, ammonia production, and sulfur recovery. Here, a simple chemical dealloying method is reported to fabricate a hierarchical porous multi-metallic spinel MFeO (M═Ni, Co, Fe, Mn) dual-functional electrocatalysts consisting of Mn-doped porous NiFeO/CoFeO heterostructure networks and Ni/Co/Mn co-doped FeO nanosheet networks. The excellent NORR with high NH Faradaic efficiency of 95.

Unusual Temperature-Dependent Photoluminescence Due to Competing Excited-State Energy Transfer in Rare Earth Double Perovskites.

Lead-free halide double perovskites (DPs) have become a research hotspot in the field of photoelectrons due to their unique optical properties and flexible compositional tuning. However, the luminescence of DPs exhibits thermal quenching at high temperatures, which severely affects their further application. Herein, we synthesized the rare earth Dy and transition metal Mn codoped CsNaYCl rare earth DPs and characterized the optical properties using temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra and time-resolved photoluminescence decay profiles at different temperatures.

Palladium-catalyzed -arylation of (hetero)aryl chlorides with pyrroles and their analogues.

We present a mild and efficient method for the arylation of N-H heteroarenes using a low-loading Pd/keYPhos catalyst (0.8 mol%). This approach employs inexpensive and structurally diverse aryl chlorides as electrophiles in reactions with indoles, pyrroles, and carbazole, enabling the construction of a wide range of -arylated products.

Directional Droplet Wetting on Cellulose Surfaces with Physical Modification.

Directional wetting of liquids on solid surfaces is crucial for numerous applications. However, the impact of physical modifications on near-superhydrophilic cellulose has received limited attention as it is widely considered unfeasible. In this study, we present a previously unreported and simple but effective mechanism of directional wetting induced purely by physical modifications on pristine cellulose surfaces.

Gibberellin promotes xylem expansion and cell lignification by regulating sugar accumulation and the expression of JcMYB43 and JcMYB63 in the woody plant Jatropha curcas.

Gibberellins (GAs) are a group of diterpene plant hormones that regulates various plant developmental processes, including wood formation. Nevertheless, the regulatory pattern and the downstream targets of GA in the regulation of xylem expansion and cell lignification in woody plants remains unclear. In transgenic Jatropha curcas with significantly increased or decreased bioactive GA content via separate overexpression of JcGA20ox1 or JcGA2ox6, comparative transcriptomic, metabolomic and physiological investigations were conducted on the young stems.

Polystyrene microplastics exhibit toxic effects on the widespread coral symbiotic Cladocopium goreaui.

Within the coral reef habitat, members of the Symbiodiniaceae family stand as pivotal symbionts for reef-building corals. However, the physiological response of Symbiodiniaceae on microplastics are still poorly understood. Research conducted in this investigation assessed the harmful impact of polystyrene microparticles (PS-MPs) on Cladocopium goreaui, a Symbiodiniaceae species with a broad distribution.

Triboelectric tactile sensor for pressure and temperature sensing in high-temperature applications.

Skin-like sensors capable of detecting multiple stimuli simultaneously have great potential in cutting-edge human-machine interaction. However, realizing multimodal tactile recognition beyond human tactile perception still faces significant challenges. Here, an extreme environments-adaptive multimodal triboelectric sensor was developed, capable of detecting pressure/temperatures beyond the range of human perception.

Palladium-Catalyzed Solvent-Controlled Divergent C2/C5 Site-Selective Alkynylation of Pyrrole Derivatives.

Among the known aromatic -heterocycles, pyrroles are significant and versatile privileged components in pharmacologically relevant molecules. Herein, we demonstrate a protocol for the selective construction of alkynylated pyrroles in a diversity-oriented fashion through divergent C2/C5 site-selective alkynylation of pyrrole derivatives by employing a palladium catalyst with two different solvent systems. In the presence of 1,4-dioxane, the C2-alkynylation process via chelation-assisted palladation is favored.