66 results match your criteria: "5150 Centre Ave[Affiliation]"

Cytometry is an advanced technique for simultaneously identifying and quantifying many cell surface and intracellular proteins at a single-cell resolution. Analyzing high-dimensional cytometry data involves identifying and quantifying cell populations based on their marker expressions. This study provided a quantitative review and comparison of various ways to phenotype cellular populations within the cytometry data, including manual gating, unsupervised clustering, and supervised auto-gating.

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Investigating the WNT and TGF-beta pathways alterations and tumor mutant burden in young-onset colorectal cancer.

Sci Rep

August 2024

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5150 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the United States. Recent epidemiological evidence demonstrates an increasing incidence of young-onset CRC cases, defined as CRC cases in individuals 50 years old or younger. Studies have established that alterations in both the WNT and TGF-Beta signaling pathways have contributed to CRC development.

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Beyond Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Emerging Targets in Melanoma Therapy.

Curr Oncol Rep

July 2024

UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and the University of Pittsburgh, 5150 Centre Ave. Room 1.27C, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This review provides a comprehensive update on recent advancements in melanoma treatment by highlighting promising therapeutics with an aim to increase awareness of novel interventions currently in development.

Recent Findings: Over the last decade there has been considerable expansion of the previously available treatment options for patients with melanoma. In particular, novel immunotherapeutics have been developed to expand on the clinical advancements brought by BRAF targeting and immune checkpoint inhibitors.

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Rapidly Evolving Pre- and Post-surgical Systemic Treatment of Melanoma.

Am J Clin Dermatol

May 2024

UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Ave. Room 1.27C, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.

With the development of effective BRAF-targeted and immune-checkpoint immunotherapies for metastatic melanoma, clinical trials are moving these treatments into earlier adjuvant and perioperative settings. BRAF-targeted therapy is a standard of care in resected stage III-IV melanoma, while anti-programmed death-1 (PD1) immunotherapy is now a standard of care option in resected stage IIB through IV disease. With both modalities, recurrence-free survival and distant-metastasis-free survival are improved by a relative 35-50%, yet no improvement in overall survival has been demonstrated.

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Purpose: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients are living longer at the cost of several side effects, affecting their physical and mental health. Physical activity can help women with MBC to improve their wellbeing. Technology-based exercise interventions have shown promising outcomes; however, studies that document their benefits on health behaviors are lacking.

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What Is This Summary About?: In this article, we discuss the results of our clinical study that looked at the use of two immunotherapy drugs for the treatment of advanced melanoma. Melanoma is considered advanced when it is no longer curable with surgery.

What Happened In The Study?: The two-drug combination, pembrolizumab and ipilimumab, was given to people with melanoma who's cancer had progressed.

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Letter: Glioblastoma Cell of Origin.

Stem Cell Rev Rep

February 2022

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Ave. Suite 433, Pittsburgh PA, 15232, USA.

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Purpose Of Review: For patients with metastatic melanoma, immune checkpoint inhibition has drastically changed outcomes. Here, we review the current and next generations of immune-based anti-cancer therapeutics for patients with metastatic melanoma.

Recent Findings: The need for new anti-cancer therapeutics in patients with metastatic melanoma who have progression of disease despite immune checkpoint blockade is evident.

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Background: Expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) is commonly used to biochemically verify smoking status. The CO cutoff and CO monitor brand may affect the probability of classifying smokers as abstinent, thus influencing conclusions about the efficacy of cessation trials. No systematic reviews have tested this hypothesis.

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Purpose: Chronic stress is associated with increased risk for maladaptive psychological responses during childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. Adults exposed to chronic stress during childhood exhibit dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and inflammation. There are no studies examining the impact of stress on biological stress responses and functional impairment in adolescents and young adults early after the onset of a stressor.

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The eyes have it: CNS leukemia presenting as optic neuritis.

Int J Hematol

March 2021

UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Ave, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, 5th Floor. Room 572, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.

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Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most fatal brain tumor in adults. Current survival rates of GBM remain below 2 years due to GBM's aggressive cellular migration and genetically driven treatment escape pathways. Despite our rapidly increasing understanding of GBM biology, earlier diagnoses, and refined surgical techniques, only moderate survival benefits have been achieved.

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4D radiomics: impact of 4D-CBCT image quality on radiomic analysis.

Phys Med Biol

February 2021

Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC Box 3295, Durham, NC, 27710, United States of America.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of 4D-CBCT image quality on radiomic analysis and the efficacy of using deep learning based image enhancement to improve the accuracy of radiomic features of 4D-CBCT.

Material And Methods: In this study, 4D-CT data from 16 lung cancer patients were obtained. Digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) were simulated from the 4D-CT, and then used to reconstruct 4D CBCT using the conventional FDK (Feldkamp et al 1984 J.

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Development of a Novel Pancreatoduodenectomy-Specific Risk Calculator: an Analysis of 10,000 Patients.

J Gastrointest Surg

June 2021

Division of GI Surgical Oncology, UPMC Pancreatic Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Ave, Suite 421, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.

Background: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is often performed in frail patients and is associated with significant morbidity. The five-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5) has been utilized to predict adverse postoperative outcomes, but has not been tested in PD. We aimed to develop risk tools to generate and predict 30-day outcomes after PD and compare their performance with the mFI-5.

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Background: The mitotic count in breast carcinoma is an important prognostic marker. Unfortunately substantial inter- and intra-laboratory variation exists when pathologists manually count mitotic figures. Artificial intelligence (AI) coupled with whole slide imaging offers a potential solution to this problem.

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Sequential analysis of transcript expression patterns improves survival prediction in multiple cancers.

BMC Cancer

April 2020

The Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Rangos Research Center, Room, 5124, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.

Background: Long-term survival in numerous cancers often correlates with specific whole transcriptome profiles or the expression patterns of smaller numbers of transcripts. In some instances, these are better predictors of survival than are standard classification methods such as clinical stage or hormone receptor status in breast cancer. Here, we have used the method of "t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding" (t-SNE) to show that, collectively, the expression patterns of small numbers of functionally-related transcripts from fifteen cancer pathways correlate with long-term survival in the vast majority of tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

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Exosomes are the current primary research focus of Dr. Theresa L. Whiteside.

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How I Do It: Robotic Duodenal Sleeve Resection for Non-ampullary Benign Duodenal Neoplasms.

J Gastrointest Surg

March 2020

Division of GI Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Ave, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Suite 421, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.

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Background: Higher MELD scores correlate with adverse operative outcomes regardless of the presence of liver disease, but their impact on pancreatectomy outcomes remains undefined. We aimed to compare 30-day adverse postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing elective pancreatectomy stratified by MELD score.

Methods: Elective pancreatoduodenectomies (PDs) and distal pancreatectomies (DPs) were identified from the 2014-2016 ACS NSQIP Procedure Targeted Pancreatectomy Participant Use Data Files.

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Expression patterns of small numbers of transcripts from functionally-related pathways predict survival in multiple cancers.

BMC Cancer

July 2019

The Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Rangos Research Center, Fl. 5, Bay 8, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.

Background: Genetic profiling of cancers for variations in copy number, structure or expression of certain genes has improved diagnosis, risk-stratification and therapeutic decision-making. However the tumor-restricted nature of these changes limits their application to certain cancer types or sub-types. Tests with broader prognostic capabilities are lacking.

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Background: Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is a major complication that adversely affects recovery. The robotic approach may decrease the incidence of this complication. This propensity-matched analysis evaluates the impact of robotic PD (RPD) on CR-POPF.

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Real-world effectiveness of palonosetron-based antiemetic regimens: preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

J Comp Eff Res

July 2019

Real World Evidence and Insights, Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions, 7000 Cardinal Place, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43017, USA.

To evaluate real-world effectiveness of guideline-recommended palonosetron-containing antiemetic regimens in patients receiving highly (HEC) or moderately emetogenic (MEC) chemotherapy. This retrospective analysis used records of adults receiving first-line chemotherapy and a three-drug palonosetron-containing antiemetic regimen for HEC or palonosetron-containing antiemetic regimen for MEC (carboplatin). A total of 1587 records were evaluated.

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Aim: Real-world palonosetron effectiveness was evaluated in an antiemetic regimen with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).

Patients & Methods: In this Phase IV, prospective, multicenter observational study, HEC-treated cancer patients received palonosetron, a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, and dexamethasone. Primary objective was to assess complete response (CR) for acute (≤24 h), delayed and overall (≤120 h) chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

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Neurologic immune-related adverse events associated with adjuvant ipilimumab: report of two cases.

J Immunother Cancer

August 2018

Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.

Background: PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors are associated with several adverse events including a spectrum of immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). Neurologic irAEs are uncommon occurrences with varied presentations. We describe two separate cases of ipilimumab associated meningoencephalomyelitis and demyelinating polyneuropathy with unusual presentations.

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Background: The hypercoagulable state associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) results in increased risk of venous thromboembolism, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. Recently, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), whereby activated neutrophils release their intracellular contents containing DNA, histones, tissue factor, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and other components have been implicated in PDA and in cancer-associated thrombosis.

Methods: Utilizing an orthotopic murine PDA model in C57/Bl6 mice and patient correlative samples, we studied the role of NETs in PDA hypercoagulability and targeted this pathway through treatment with the NET inhibitor chloroquine.

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