Nucleic Acid Delivery Nanotechnologies for Cell Programming.

In medicine, it is desirable for clinicians to be able to restore function and imbue novel function into selected cells for therapy and disease prevention. Cells damaged by disease, injury, or aging could be programmed to restore normal or lost functions, such as retinal cells in inherited blindness and neuronal cells in Alzheimer's disease. Cells could also be genetically programmed with novel functions such as immune cells expressing synthetic chimeric antigen receptors for immunotherapy.

Clothianidin-resistant Anopheles gambiae adult mosquitoes from Yaoundé, Cameroon, display reduced susceptibility to SumiShield® 50WG, a neonicotinoid formulation for indoor residual spraying.

Background: Chronic exposure of mosquito larvae to pesticide residues and cross-resistance mechanisms are major drivers of tolerance to insecticides used for vector control. This presents a concern for the efficacy of clothianidin, an agricultural neonicotinoid prequalified for Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS).

Methods: Using standard bioassays, we tested if reduced susceptibility to clothianidin can affect the efficacy of SumiShield® 50WG, one of four new IRS formulations containing clothianidin.

Substrate Specificities of DDX1: A Human DEAD-box protein.

DDX1 is a human protein which belongs to the DEAD-box protein family of enzymes and is involved in various stages of RNA metabolism from transcription to decay. Many members of the DEAD-box family of enzymes use the energy of ATP binding and hydrolysis to perform their cellular functions. On the other hand, a few members of the DEAD-box family of enzymes bind and/or hydrolyze other nucleotides in addition to ATP.

Emerging natural polymer-based architectured nanotherapeutics for the treatment of cancer.

The field of cancer therapy is advancing rapidly, placing a crucial emphasis on innovative drug delivery systems. The increasing global impact of cancer highlights the need for creative therapeutic strategies. Natural polymer-based nanotherapeutics have emerged as a captivating avenue in this pursuit, drawing substantial attention due to their inherent attributes.

Quantifying nanoparticle delivery: challenges, tools, and advances.

This review explores challenges and methods for quantifying nanoparticle delivery in therapeutic applications. We discuss three main approaches: (1) functional readouts that assess therapeutic effects post nanoparticle administration, (2) nanocarrier tracking that directly monitors the nanoparticle localization, and (3) cargo tracking that infers nanoparticle localization by measuring encapsulated agents or attached surface tags. Reanalysis of the Wilhelm et al.

Discretizing continuous variables in nutrition and obesity research: a practice that needs to be cut short.

Background/objectives: Nutrition and obesity researchers often dichotomize or discretize continuous independent variables to conduct an analysis of variance to examine group differences. We describe consequences associated with dichotomizing and discretizing continuous variables using two cross-sectional studies related to nutrition.

Subjects/methods: Study 1 investigated the effects of health literacy and nutrition knowledge on nutrition label accuracy (n = 612).

Microcomputed Tomography for the Microstructure Evaluation of 3D Bioprinted Scaffolds.

This study implemented the application of microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) as a characterization technique for the study and investigation of the microstructure of 3D scaffold structures produced via three-dimensional bioprinting (3DBP). The study focused on the preparation, characterization, and cytotoxicity analysis of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) incorporated into 3DBP hydrogels for micro-CT evaluation. The Au-NPs were characterized by using various techniques, including UV-vis spectrometry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential measurement, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Actinide-lanthanide single electron metal-metal bond formed in mixed-valence di-metallofullerenes.

Understanding metal-metal bonding involving f-block elements has been a challenging goal in chemistry. Here we report a series of mixed-valence di-metallofullerenes, ThDy@C (2n = 72, 76, 78, and 80) and ThY@C (2n = 72 and 78), which feature single electron actinide-lanthanide metal-metal bonds, characterized by structural, spectroscopic and computational methods. Crystallographic characterization unambiguously confirmed that Th and Y or Dy are encapsulated inside variably sized fullerene carbon cages.

Structural Analysis of Janus Tyrosine Kinase Variants in Hematological Malignancies: Implications for Drug Development and Opportunities for Novel Therapeutic Strategies.

Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK) variants are known drivers for hematological disorders. With the full-length structure of mouse JAK1 being recently resolved, new observations on the localization of variants within closed, open, and dimerized JAK structures are possible. Full-length homology models of human wild-type JAK family members were developed using the Glassman et al.

Sexual Compulsivity Mediates the Association Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Condom Use Resistance Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Women.

Despite the continued prevalence of HIV and condoms' proven effectiveness in HIV prevention, many young men continue to engage in condom use resistance (CUR). Research shows that sexual compulsivity and childhood sexual abuse (CSA) victimization are risk factors for CUR. Given that sexual activity between men is the most common method through which HIV is transmitted, and that men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) are up to five times as likely to contract or transmit HIV as men who have sex with women only (MSWO), understanding the CUR behaviors of MSMW is uniquely important.

Recent advancements and theranostics strategies in glioblastoma therapy.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal malignant brain tumor, and it is challenging to cure with surgery and treatment. The prevention of permanent brain damage and tumor invasion, which is the ultimate cause of recurrence, are major obstacles in GBM treatment. Besides, emerging treatment modalities and newer genetic findings are helping to understand and manage GBM in patients.

JAK3 Y841 Autophosphorylation Is Critical for STAT5B Activation, Kinase Domain Stability and Dimer Formation.

Janus tyrosine kinase 3 (JAK3) is primarily expressed in immune cells and is needed for signaling by the common gamma chain (γc) family of cytokines. Abnormal JAK3 signal transduction can manifest as hematological disorders, e.g.

The Production of Subject Anaphoric Expressions in Italian and Mexican Spanish: A Forced-Choice Experimental Study.

We compare the production of anaphoric expressions in Spanish and Italian. In two sentence completion tasks, Spanish and Italian-speaking participants complete sentence fragments where we manipulate the location of the antecedents (in a main or subordinate clause), the gender of the antecedents (similar or different) and the referent of the anaphoric expression (subject or object antecedent). Our results show a weaker subject bias for null pronouns and a weaker object bias for overt pronouns in Spanish compared to Italian.

A Semi-Three-Dimensional Bioprinted Neurocardiac System for Tissue Engineering of a Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Model.

In this study, we designed a tissue-engineered neurocardiac model to help us examine the role of neuronal regulation and confirm the importance of neural innervation techniques for the regeneration of cardiac tissue. A three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted neurocardiac scaffold composed of a mixture of gelatin-alginate and alginate-genipin-fibrin hydrogels was developed with a 2:1 ratio of AC16 cardiomyocytes (CMs) and retinoic acid-differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells (NCs) respectively. A unique semi-3D bioprinting approach was adopted, where the CMs were mixed in the cardiac bioink and printed using an anisotropic accordion design to mimic the physiological tissue architecture in vivo.

Effect of Dy and Tb Rare-Earth Cation Co-Substitution on the Structure, Magnetic, and Magnetostrictive Properties of Ni-Co-Ferrites.

The design and development of electromagnetic and magnetoelectric materials with enhanced properties and performance are desirable for numerous technologies, which are based on integrated electromagnetic materials and components. Nevertheless, engineering the crystalline materials with multi-complex chemistry and multiple cations is challenging. In this context, herein, we report on the effect of rare-earth (RE) cations, namely, Dy and Tb, co-substituted into the Co-Ni-mixed ferrite materials for applications in stress/torque sensors.

Evidence of Individual Superspin Relaxation in Diluted FeO/Hexane Ferrofluids.

We used dc magnetization and ac susceptibility to investigate the magnetic relaxation of ferrofluids made of 8 nm average-diameter FeO nanoparticles dispersed in hexane. Samples of different concentrations (δ) spanning two orders of magnitude ranging from 0.66 to 0.

Three-dimensional organization of pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-based triazine framework using nanostructural spherical carbon: enhancing electrochemical performance of materials for supercapacitors.

Covalent triazine-based frameworks have attracted much interest recently due to their high surface area and excellent thermal and electrochemical stabilities. This study shows that covalently immobilizing triazine-based structures on spherical carbon nanostructures results in the organization of micro- and mesopores in a three-dimensional manner. We selected the nitrile-functionalized pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole unit to form triazine rings to construct a covalent organic framework.

Early Childhood Education Teacher Workforce: Stress in Relation to Identity and Choices.

Unlabelled: The early childhood education teacher workforce is consistently relied upon to bolster children's academic and socioemotional development in preparation for kindergarten and long-term outcomes. This is especially true of children who, historically overlooked and marginalized, are labeled "at risk." While research has focused on pervasive stressors as obstacles to these classroom professionals (e.

Direct Electron Transfer of Glucose Oxidase on Pre-Anodized Paper/Carbon Electrodes Modified through Zero-Length Cross-Linkers for Glucose Biosensors.

A disposable paper-based glucose biosensor with direct electron transfer (DET) of glucose oxidase (GOX) was developed through simple covalent immobilization of GOX on a carbon electrode surface using zero-length cross-linkers. This glucose biosensor exhibited a high electron transfer rate (ks, 3.363 s) as well as good affinity (km, 0.

Pharmacy student self-assessment of interprofessional behaviors in inpatient general medicine advanced pharmacy practice experiences.

Introduction: The World Health Organization defines interprofessional education (IPE) "as an experience where students from two or more professions learn about, from, and with each other to…improve health outcomes." Recent studies have demonstrated that IPE experiences can produce positive outcomes, and the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education Accreditation Standards require IPE experiences to be incorporated in both didactic and experiential components of pharmacy curricula. The purpose of this study was to measure the impact of required rotation interprofessional activities on fourth-year pharmacy students' self-assessment of interprofessional collaboration behaviors.

Nature-Inspired Design of Nano-Architecture-Aligned NiP-NiP/NiS Arrays for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER).

The projection of developing sustainable and cost-efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen production is booming. However, the full potential of electrocatalysts fabricated from earth-abundant metals has yet to be exploited to replace Pt-group metals due to inadequate efficiency and insufficient design strategies to meet the ever-increasing demands for renewable energies. To improve the electrocatalytic performance, the primary challenge is to optimize the structure and electronic properties by enhancing the intrinsic catalytic activity and expanding the active catalytic surface area.

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Rare-Earth Metal-Ion-Doped Nanocrystalline LiTiO Electrodes in High-Power Li-Ion Batteries.

A comprehensive and comparative exploration research performed, aiming to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms of rare-earth (RE) metal-ion doping into LiTiO (LTO), reveals the enhanced electrochemical performance of the nanocrystalline RE-LTO electrodes in high-power Li-ion batteries. Pristi ne LiTiO (LTO) and rare-earth metal-doped LiTiLnO (RE-LTO with RE = Dy, Ce, Nd, Sm, and Eu; ≈ 0.1) nanocrystalline anode materials were synthesized using a simple mechanochemical method and subsequent calcination at 850 °C.

Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Chemical Bonding and Phase Segregation in Tin (Sn)-Incorporated GaO.

Using detailed Raman scattering analyses, the effect of tin (Sn) incorporation on the crystal structure, chemical bonding/inhomogeneity, and single-phase versus multiphase formation of gallium oxide (GaO) compounds is reported. The Raman characterization of the Sn-mixed GaO polycrystalline compounds (0.00 ≤ ≤ 0.

Magnetic structures and excitations in sawtooth olivine chalcogenides MnSiX (X = S, Se).

The Mn lattice in olivine chalcogenide MnSiX (X = S, Se) compounds forms a sawtooth, which is of special interest in magnetism owing to the possibility of realizing flat bands in magnon spectra, a key component in magnonics. In this work, we investigate the MnSiX olivines using magnetic susceptibility, and X-ray and neutron diffraction. We have determined the average and local crystal structures of MnSiS and MnSiSe using synchrotron X-ray, neutron diffraction, and X-ray total scattering data followed by Rietveld and pair distribution function analyses.