Understanding geriatric models of care for older adults living with HIV: a scoping review and qualitative analysis.

Background: Advances in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) treatment have reduced mortality rates and consequently increased the number of individuals with HIV living into older age. Despite this, people aged 50 years and older have been left behind in recent HIV treatment and prevention campaigns, and a gold-standard model of care for this population has not yet been defined. Developing evidence-based geriatric HIV models of care can support an accessible, equitable, and sustainable HIV health care system that ensures older adults have access to care that meets their needs now and in the future.

Opportunities to improve quality of care for cancer survivors in primary care: findings from the BETTER WISE study.

Purpose: The BETTER WISE (Building on Existing Tools to Improve Chronic Disease Prevention and Screening in Primary Care for Wellness of Cancer Survivors and Patients) intervention is an evidence-based approach to prevention and screening for cancers and chronic diseases in primary care that also includes comprehensive follow-up for breast, prostate and colorectal cancer survivors. We describe the process of harmonizing cancer survivorship guidelines to create a BETTER WISE cancer surveillance algorithm and describe both the quantitative and qualitative findings for BETTER WISE participants who were breast, prostate or colorectal cancer survivors. We describe the results in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Effect of an acute long-duration exercise bout on skeletal muscle lipid droplet morphology, GLUT 4 protein, and perilipin protein expression.

Purpose: Smaller lipid droplet morphology and GLUT 4 protein expression have been associated with greater muscle oxidative capacity and glucose uptake, respectively. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an acute long-duration exercise bout on skeletal muscle lipid droplet morphology, GLUT4, perilipin 3, and perilipin 5 expressions.

Methods: Twenty healthy men (age 24.

Coordinating smoking cessation treatment with menstrual cycle phase to improve quit outcomes (MC-NRT): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Women experience greater difficulty achieving smoking abstinence compared to men. Recent evidence suggests that hormonal fluctuations during different phases of the menstrual cycle can contribute to lower smoking abstinence rates following a quit attempt among women. However, these findings are limited by small sample sizes and variability among targeted smoking quit dates.

Health equity related challenges and experiences during the rapid implementation of virtual care during COVID-19: a multiple case study.

Background: Virtual care quickly became of crucial importance to health systems around the world during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the potential of virtual care to enhance access for some communities, the scale and pace at which services were virtualized did not leave many organizations with sufficient time and resources to ensure optimal and equitable delivery of care for everyone. The objective of this paper is to outline the experiences of health care organizations rapidly implementing virtual care during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and examine whether and how health equity was considered.

Association between pediatric TBI and mental health and substance use disorders: A scoping review.

Background: The relationship between pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and long-term mental health and substance use disorders is not well known, resulting in inadequate prevention and management strategies. The aim of this scoping review is to review the evidence on pediatric TBI and the development of mental health disorders and substance use later in life and to identify gaps in the literature to inform future research.

Methods: We searched multiple databases for original articles published between September 2002 and September 2022 on TBI-related mental health and/or substance use disorders in children and youth.

Mindfulness-based stress reduction for community-dwelling older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in primary care: a mixed-methods feasibility randomized control trial.

Background: Primary care is often the first point of contact when community-dwelling older adults experience subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Living with SCD or MCI can be life-altering, resulting in low mood and increased anxiety, further exacerbating cognitive decline. However, there is scant literature on interventions that interprofessional primary care providers can provide to support those living with SCD or MCI.

Transactional relationships between maternal requesting and responsivity, adolescent compliance, and task demands in fragile X syndrome.

Background: Males with fragile X syndrome (FXS) may have difficulty with social communication and language in addition to behavioral concerns such as noncompliance to maternal requests. Mothers vary in how they pose requests to their children, and contextual demands may also be a factor in compliance. This study examined the relationships between maternal requesting behaviors, maternal responsivity, child compliance, and task demands in adolescent males with FXS.

Particle filled protein-starch composites as the basis for plant-based meat analogues.

Rapid swelling, high amylopectin starches including Thermally Inhibited (TI), Chemically Modified (CM), and Granular Cold- Swelling (GCS) were assessed for their supporting matrix forming potential and properties. Starches displayed identical calorimetric profiles with no endothermic events, and completely amorphous structure as judged by powder X-ray diffraction. However, they each provided different textural attributes.

Instantaneous effect of real-time avatar visual feedback on interlimb coordination during walking post-stroke.

Background: Gait asymmetry, which is common after stroke, is typically characterized using spatiotemporal parameters of gait that do not consider the aspect of movement coordination. In this manuscript, we examined whether an avatar-based feedback provided as a single-session intervention to improve gait symmetry also improved inter-limb coordination among people with stroke and we examined the relationship between changes in coordination and step length symmetry.

Methods: Twelve stroke participants walked on a self-paced treadmill with and without a self-avatar that replicated their locomotor movements in real time.

Decontamination of water co-polluted by copper, toluene and tetrahydrofuran using lauric acid.

Co-contamination by organic solvents (e.g., toluene and tetrahydrofuran) and metal ions (e.

Protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomized quality improvement project to evaluate the impact of medical safety huddles on patient safety.

Introduction: Physician engagement is crucial for furthering patient safety and quality improvement within healthcare organizations. Medical Safety Huddles, which are physician-specific huddles, is a novel way to engage physicians with patient safety and may reduce adverse events experienced by patients. We plan to conduct a multi-center quality improvement (QI) initiative to implement and evaluate Medical Safety Huddles.

Supporting deprescribing in long-term care: An approach using stakeholder engagement, behavioural science and implementation planning.

Approaches for optimizing medication use and enhancing medication experiences, including deprescribing, for older people living in long-term care homes are urgently needed. Through a multiphase initiative involving an environmental scan (2018) and two stakeholder forums (2019, 2020), we created a framework for developing and implementing sustainable deprescribing practices in this sector. Representatives from public advocacy, health care professionals, long-term care, pharmacy service providers, and regional health and public policy organizations in Ontario, Canada were consulted.

Understanding the Use of the Term "Weaponized Autism" in An Alt-Right Social Media Platform.

Background: The term "weaponized autism" is frequently used on extremist platforms. To better understand this, we conducted a discourse analysis of posts on Gab, an alt-right social media platform.

Methods: We analyzed 711 posts spanning 2018-2019 and filtered for variations on the term "weaponized autism".

Can nicotine replacement therapy be personalized? A statistical learning analysis.

Background: Technology has made automated care personalization practical, but useful personalization requires information about systematic differences between individuals in the effectiveness of different interventions. Here, we used observational data to search for differences in smoking cessation treatment outcomes associated with interactions between participant characteristics and different types and doses of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).

Methods: We analyzed 33,077 enrollments in a large primary care smoking cessation program in Ontario, Canada.

Determinants of nurse's and personal support worker's adherence to facial protective equipment in a community setting during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada: A pilot study.

Background: Appropriate and consistent facial protective equipment (FPE) use is critical for preventing respiratory illness transmission. Little is known about FPE adherence by home care providers. The purpose of this study is to adapt an existing facial protection questionnaire and use it to develop an initial understanding of factors influencing home care providers' adherence to FPE during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Service Needs of Clients Before and After Short Term Community Mental Health Case Management.

This study evaluated level of service need before and after a short-term community mental health case management intervention from the perspective of both clients and case managers. Ontario Common Assessment of Need data were used to describe client needs. McNemar's test was applied to assess differences in pre- and post- need scores.

Context and priorities for health systems strengthening for pain and disability in low- and middle-income countries: a secondary qualitative study and content analysis of health policies.

Musculoskeletal (MSK) health impairments contribute substantially to the pain and disability burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), yet health systems strengthening (HSS) responses are nascent in these settings. We aimed to explore the contemporary context, framed as challenges and opportunities, for improving population-level prevention and management of MSK health in LMICs using secondary qualitative data from a previous study exploring HSS priorities for MSK health globally and (2) to contextualize these findings through a primary analysis of health policies for integrated management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in select LMICs. Part 1: 12 transcripts of interviews with LMIC-based key informants (KIs) were inductively analysed.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of opioid agonist therapy discontinuation in Ontario, Canada: A population-based time series analysis.

Background: We assessed the impact of COVID-19, which includes the declaration of a state of emergency and subsequent release of pandemic-specific OAT guidance (March 17, 2020 to March 23, 2020) on the prevalence of OAT discontinuation.

Methods: We conducted a population-based time series analysis using interventional autoregressive integrated moving average models among Ontario residents who were stable (>60 days of continuous use) and not yet stable on OAT. Specifically, we examined whether COVID-19 impacted the weekly percentage of individuals who discontinued OAT, overall and stratified by treatment type (methadone vs.

A contingency management approach for treatment of methamphetamine use disorder and human immunodeficiency virus antiretroviral treatment adherence in pregnancy to prevent mother-to-child transmission: a case report.

Introduction: This review highlights the rising prevalence of methamphetamine use in pregnancy in North American and the difficulty of managing active human immunodeficiency virus infection in a pregnant woman while actively using methamphetamines. Multidisciplinary medical teams with knowledge of addiction medicine, infectious disease management, and pregnancy are needed to provide combined expert care to reduce the harms associated with substance use and improve adherence to antiretroviral treatment. We report the case of a treatment-naïve pregnant patient with human immunodeficiency virus who was actively using methamphetamines.

Smoking Cessation Training and Treatment: Options for Cancer Centres.

Patients who achieve smoking cessation following a cancer diagnosis can experience an improvement in treatment response and lower morbidity and mortality compared to individuals who continue to smoke. It is therefore imperative for publicly funded cancer centres to provide appropriate training and education for healthcare providers (HCP) and treatment options to support smoking cessation for their patients. However, system-, practitioner-, and patient-level barriers exist that hamper the integration of evidence-based cessation programs within publicly funded cancer centres.

Utilization of healthcare by immigrants in Canada: a cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey.

Background: Immigrants to Canada face unique barriers to health care, which leads to inequities in health care utilization. Lower utilization of health care by immigrants to Canada is associated with the deteriorating health of individual immigrants as well as increased costs to the health care system. The existing literature suggests that time since immigration is an important predictor for utilization of health care for Canadian immigrants; however, few studies have included this variable in their analysis.

Essential tuberculosis medicines and health outcomes in countries with a national essential medicines list.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally despite effective treatments. Along with high-quality health services, essential medicines are a key tool in curbing TB related mortality. Examining relationships between listing TB medicines on national essential medicines lists (NEMLs) and population health outcomes related to amenable mortality is one way to assess TB care.

Quantifying the amount of physical rehabilitation received by individuals living with neurological conditions in the community: a scoping review.

Background: Physical rehabilitation is often prescribed immediately following a neurological event or a neurological diagnosis. However, many individuals require physical rehabilitation after hospital discharge. The purpose of this scoping review was to determine the amount of physical rehabilitation that individuals living in the community with neurological conditions receive to understand current global practices and assess gaps in research and service use.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the provision of take-home doses of opioid agonist therapy in Ontario, Canada: A population-based time-series analysis.

Background: In March 2020, the Ontario government declared a state of emergency due to the growing risk of COVID-19. In response, new guidance for the management of opioid agonist therapy (OAT) was released, which included the expansion of eligibility for take-home doses. We investigated the impact of these changes on trends in the distribution of take-home doses of OAT.