L-carnitine attenuates acoustic startle reflex dysfunction in adult male rats exposed to mancozeb.

The fungicide mancozeb increases oxygen-free radicals in the central nervous system. As an antioxidant, L-carnitine protects DNA and cell membranes from damage caused by oxygen-free radicals. The present study investigated how L-carnitine affected the acoustic startle response (ASR) in rats exposed to mancozeb.

DNA methylation alterations in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review of case-control studies.

Background: Traditionally, the diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are contingent upon clinical manifestations and serological markers. However, researchers are struggling to find biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity. DNA methylation has been the most studied epigenetic feature in SLE.

Meal patterns and the quality of breakfast and snacks in relation to adolescents' dental health in southeast of Iran.

The objective was to determine the frequency pattern and nutritional quality of breakfast and snacks in Iranian adolescents and to investigate these dietary habits in relation to tooth decay and tooth erosion. A multistage cluster random sampling method was adopted to recruit 600 adolescents with equal sex distribution in the city of Kerman/southeast of Iran. Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Tooth Wear Index (TWI) were recorded for each subject.

Organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides may induce brain cancer through oxidative stress.

In this study, oxidative stress was investigated as the possible mechanism of action of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in primary brain tumors (PBT). The levels of seven OCP residues and enzymatic antioxidant biomarkers including erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) along with non-enzymatic oxidative biomarkers including malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in blood samples of 73 patients with PBT and 104 healthy controls. A significant association was found between farming activities and PBT (55% of patients were engaged in farming activities while 45% had no farming experience).

Occupational exposure to pesticides in farmworkers and the oxidative markers.

Organophosphate (OPPs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are the two predominant forms of pesticides extensively used all around the world and are being reconsidered as environmental pollutants. The current study sought to assess the role of socioeconomic factors on the level of pesticides residues and the oxidative effects of exposure to OPPs and OCPs among the farmworkers of southeast Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 192 farmworkers and 74 non-farmworkers (controls) were involved.

Indices and Indicators Developed to Evaluate the "Strengthening Community Actions" Mechanism of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion: A Scoping Review.

Objective: To determine 1) the indexes/indicators used for evaluating the "strengthening community actions" mechanism of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion and 2) to extract the characteristics and key components of the indexes/indicators using a scoping review.:In May 2020, the search was conducted across three databases: Medline (via PubMed), Embase, and Scopus.: All primary studies relating to development, identification, and measurement of health promotion indices/indicators associated to the "strengthening community actions" were included.

Effectiveness of resilience training on social self-efficacy of the elementary school girls during COVID-19 outbreak.

Children, especially girls, are more vulnerable during crises, who need to acquire skills such as social self-efficacy to meet the challenges of the environment. Given that, much progress has been made in e-learning; its capabilities can be used to promote children's health. This study aimed to determine the effect of virtual resilience training on the social self-efficacy of elementary school girls.

The Relationship Between Death Anxiety and Alexithymia in Emergency Medical Technicians.

Introduction: When confronted with traumatic accidents and events that result in death, people are at risk of developing death anxiety. Due to their stressful job, emergency medical technicians (EMTs) will develop alexithymia and be unable to express and manage their emotions over time. Studies show that alexithymia causes physical and mental disorders in many people.

Bayesian mixture cure rate frailty models with an application to gastric cancer data.

Mixture cure rate models are commonly used to analyze lifetime data with long-term survivors. On the other hand, frailty models also lead to accurate estimation of coefficients by controlling the heterogeneity in survival data. Gamma frailty models are the most common models of frailty.

Development and Validation of HIV/AIDS Stigma and Discrimination Scale in Southeast Iran: The General Population Viewpoint.

Stigma and discrimination are one of the important challenges in coping with HIV infection. Stigma and discrimination are universal phenomenon for the epidemic of HIV and exposure to people with HIV. The present study aimed to develop and measure psychometrically the HIV/AIDS Stigma and discrimination scale from the general population viewpoint in southeast Iran.

Protective effects of deferoxamine on lead-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.

Because of the numerous industrial applications of lead (Pb), Pb poisoning is an important public health threat in the world particularly in developing and industrialized countries. Oxidative stress is one of the important mechanisms of Pb-mediated toxicity. Deferoxamine (DFO) is an iron chelating agent that has recently shown antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects.