Kaempferitrin attenuates unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis in mice by inhibiting NOX4-mediated tubular ferroptosis.

Tubular ferroptosis significantly contributes to renal inflammation and fibrosis, critical factors in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aims to investigate Kaempferitrin, a potent flavonoid glycoside from Bauhinia forficata leaves, renowned for its anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects, and to elucidate its potential mechanisms in mitigating inflammation and fibrosis induced by tubular ferroptosis. The study investigated Kaempferitrin's impact on tubular ferroptosis using a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis.

Comparative efficiency of differential diagnostic methods for the identification of BRAF V600E gene mutation in papillary thyroid cancer (Review).

V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) encodes a serine-threonine kinase. The V600E point mutation in the BRAF gene is the most common mutation, predominantly occurring in melanoma, and colorectal, thyroid and non-small cell lung cancer. Particularly in the context of thyroid cancer research, it is routinely employed as a molecular biomarker to assist in diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and to formulate targeted therapeutic strategies.

Recent status and trends of nanotechnology in cervical cancer: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis.

Background: Cervical cancer is currently the second leading cause of cancer death among women from developing countries (1). However, there is a lack of effective treatment methods, and the existing treatments often result in significant adverse reactions and high chances of recurrence, which ultimately impact the prognosis of patients. As a result, the application of nanotechnology, specifically nanoparticle-based approaches, in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer has gained significant attention.

Current insights and future perspectives of ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure: Friends and foes to the skin and beyond the skin.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is ubiquitous in the environment, which has been classified as an established human carcinogen. As the largest and outermost organ of the body, direct exposure of skin to sunlight or UV radiation can result in sunburn, inflammation, photo-immunosuppression, photoaging and even skin cancers. To date, there are tactics to protect the skin by preventing UV radiation and reducing the amount of UV radiation to the skin.

Drug Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Theoretical Basis and Therapeutic Aspects.

Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with high mortality and increasing incidence worldwide. Currently, chemotherapy is an important comprehensive treatment for moderate or advanced liver cancer. Despite the effective therapeutic effects initially achieved by chemotherapy, the high phenotypic and molecular heterogeneity of liver cancer cells facilitates resistance to conventional chemotherapy or targeted therapy and even leads to multidrug resistance (MDR), which is one of the major obstacles for clinical chemotherapy.

Synergistic quorum sensing inhibition and mild-temperature photothermal therapy of integrated nanoplatform for implant-associated biofilm infections.

In current clinical practice, the presence of biofilms poses a significant challenge in the effective elimination of bacterial infections because of the physical and chemical barriers formed by biofilms, which offer persistent protection to bacteria. Here, we developed hollow mesoporous polydopamine (hMP) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with luteolin (Lu) as a quorum sensing inhibitor, which were further coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) shells to create hMP-Lu@HA NPs. We observed that upon reaching the infection site, the HA shells underwent initial degradation by the hyaluronidase enzyme present in the bacterial infection's microenvironment to expose the hMP-Lu NPs.

METTL3 promotes cellular senescence of colorectal cancer via modulation of CDKN2B transcription and mRNA stability.

Cellular senescence plays a critical role in cancer development, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Our recent study uncovered that replicative senescent colorectal cancer (CRC) cells exhibit increased levels of mRNA N6-methyladenosine (mA) and methyltransferase METTL3. Knockdown of METTL3 can restore the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) of CRC cells.

Cell fate regulation governed by p53: Friends or reversible foes in cancer therapy.

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Targeted therapies aimed at key oncogenic driver mutations in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as immunotherapy have benefited cancer patients considerably. Tumor protein p53 (TP53), a crucial tumor suppressor gene encoding p53, regulates numerous downstream genes and cellular phenotypes in response to various stressors.

-associated bacteria play a key role in obtaining nutrition from bamboo for the giant panda ().

Unlabelled: Gut microbiota plays a vital role in obtaining nutrition from bamboo for giant pandas. However, low cellulase activity has been observed in the panda's gut. Besides, no specific pathway has been implicated in lignin digestion by gut microbiota of pandas.

Lifestyle intervention Tai Chi for adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a PRIO-harms based overview of 17 systematic reviews.

Objective: To systematically summarize current evidence and determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of Tai Chi for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adults by conducting an overview of systematic reviews (SRs).

Methods: A systematic search encompassing five electronic databases was conducted until July 30, 2023, to identify relevant systematic reviews (SRs) based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning Tai Chi for T2DM. The methodological quality of the included SRs was assessed using the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2) and the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) tool.

A pilot study of [68Ga]Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-04 PET/CT in renal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: As a promising positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, [68Ga]Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-04([68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04) performs better than 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) at diagnosing primary and metastatic lesions in patients with various types of cancer. We investigated the utility of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT for the detection of primary and metastatic lesions in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). [18F]FDG PET/CT were used for comparison.

Expression Significance of Estrogen Receptor ER-α36 in Breast Cancer Treated by Chemotherapy: A Meta-Analysis.

Estrogen receptor (ER) is a molecular marker and target for diagnosing and treating breast cancer (BC). ER-α36, a novel estrogen receptor subtype, involved in the proliferation, differentiation, metastasis, and invasion of tumor cells. It is closely linked to the progression of various cancers.

Surgical anatomy and clinical variation of the left colonic artery in laparoscopic anterior rectal resection.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the surgical anatomy and clinical variation of the left colonic artery (LCA) during laparoscopic anterior rectal resection.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 87 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic anterior rectal resection with preserved LCA at the Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, between March 2018 and April 2022, aiming to observe the emanation location, anatomical typing, and travel trajectory of the LCA, as well as its relationship with the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV).

Results: In all observed cases, we observed that the LCA emanated from the left side of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), and the average distance from the root of the IMA to the emanation of the LCA was approximately 3.

STK19 is a DNA/RNA-binding protein critical for DNA damage repair and cell proliferation.

STK19 was originally identified as a manganese-dependent serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, but its function has been highly debated. Here, the crystal structure of STK19 revealed that it does not contain a kinase domain, but three intimately packed winged helix (WH) domains. The third WH domain mediated homodimerization and double-stranded DNA binding, both being important for its nuclear localization.

NAMPT promotes the malignant progression of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma through activation of SREBP1-mediated lipogenesis.

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. The nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-mediated salvage pathway maintains sufficient cellular NAD levels and is required for tumorigenesis and development. However, the molecular mechanism by which NAMPT contributes to HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains not fully understood.

MRI radiomics-based decision support tool for a personalized classification of cervical disc degeneration: a two-center study.

To develop and validate an MRI radiomics-based decision support tool for the automated grading of cervical disc degeneration. The retrospective study included 2,610 cervical disc samples of 435 patients from two hospitals. The cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis of patients confirmed cervical disc degeneration grades using the Pfirrmann grading system.

Biofilm Microenvironment-Sensitive Piezoelectric Nanomotors for Enhanced Penetration and ROS/NO Synergistic Bacterial Elimination.

Sonodynamic therapy offers a highly accurate treatment for bacterial infections; however, its antibacterial efficacy is hindered by bacterial biofilms that limit the penetration of sonosensitizers. Herein, a nitric oxide (NO)-driven mushroom-like Janus nanomotor (BT@PDA-La) based on the unilateral coating of polydopamine (PDA) on piezoelectric tetragonal barium titanate (BT) and further modified with l-arginine (l-Arg) on the PDA side is fabricated. In the infected microenvironment with high levels of HO, NO is produced unilaterally from BT@PDA-La, thus leading to its self-propelled movement and facilitating its permeability in the biofilm.

Efficacy and safety of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: The current study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) among patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) through meta-analysis.

Methods: As of June 2023, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the clinical outcomes of anti-CD38 mAbs plus immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) or proteasome inhibitors (PIs) plus dexamethasone and IMiDs (or PIs) and dexamethasone alone for RRMM patients were included.

RVX-208, an inducer of Apolipoprotein A-I, inhibits the particle production of hepatitis B virus through activation of cGAS-STING pathway.

Background: Previously, we have demonstrated that Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) could inhibit the secretion of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), suggesting that stimulation of ApoA-I may block particle production. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-HBV effect of RVX-208, a small-molecule stimulator of ApoA-I gene expression.

Methods: RVX-208 was used to treat HepG2.

Therapeutic effect of vitamin D in Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial in China.

Background: The study aims to explore the clinical effects of Vitamin D (VitD) supplements for Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT), which are unclear according to other studies.

Methods: Female patients with newly diagnosed HT from January to June in 2018 were included. This study is registered in the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry with registration number ChiCTR1800014619 (URL: https://www.

Ischemia‒Reperfusion accelerates neointimal hyperplasia via IL-1β-mediated pyroptosis after balloon injury in the rat carotid artery.

Background: Ischemia‒reperfusion (IR) is a pathological process that causes secondary damage to blood vessels. However, whether IR can further worsen neointima formation after balloon injury and the detailed mechanism are unclear.

Methods: An model of balloon injury to the rat carotid artery was established to study the effect of IR following balloon injury on neointima formation.

IL-6/JAK2-dependent G6PD phosphorylation promotes nucleotide synthesis and supports tumor growth.

Objective: Tumor cells hijack inflammatory mechanisms to promote their own growth. IL-6 is one of the major cytokines, and is frequently upregulated in tumors. The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) generates the indispensable building blocks to produce various nucleotides.

Atovaquone inhibits colorectal cancer metastasis by regulating PDGFRβ/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumour. Invasive growth and distant metastasis are the main characteristics of its malignant biological behaviour, and they are also the primary factors leading to death in colon cancer patients. Atovaquone is an antimalarial drug, and its anticancer effect has recently been demonstrated in several cancer models in vitro and in vivo, but it has not been examined in the treatment of colorectal cancer.