Microsurgical Reconstruction with and without Microvascular Anastomosis of Oncological Defects of the Upper Limb.

Introduction: The choice of the most adequate surgical technique for upper limb defects remains challenging. The aim of this article is to discuss the main microsurgical (pedicled or free) reconstructive options for the post-oncological reconstruction of different anatomical areas of the upper extremity.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed different reconstructive methods reported in the literature needing microsurgical expertise and compared them to our clinical experience, in order to provide further guidance in the choice of different flaps for upper limb soft tissue reconstruction.

p53 as a Potential Actionable Target in Myxofibrosarcoma: A Molecular and Pathologic Review of a Single-Institute Series.

Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a common adult soft tissue sarcoma characterized by high-local recurrence rate, poorly understood molecular pathogenesis, lack of specific prognostic markers, and effective targeted therapies. To gain further insights into the disease, we analyzed a well-defined group of 133 primary MFS cases. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for p53, MET, RET, and RB was performed.

Health-related quality of life and associated risk factors in patients with Multiple Osteochondromas: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To evaluate the health-related quality of life and associated risk factors for Multiple Osteochondromas patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted from May to December 2022 during the routine visit to the referral center for rare skeletal disorders. All patients with Multiple Osteochondromas aged ≥ 3 years were included.

Lengthening Patients Previously Treated for Massive Lower Limb Reconstruction for Bone Tumors with the PRECICE 2 Nail.

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the PRECICE 2 nail in the treatment of lower limb length discrepancy in patients with a history of bone tumors. This study reports on outcomes, complications, and the safety of the PRECICE 2 limb lengthening nail in a cohort of pediatric patients with limb length discrepancy after surgery for bone tumors. Seventeen patients were treated with intramedullary magnetic nails.

Modeling Myxofibrosarcoma: Where Do We Stand and What Is Missing?

Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a malignant soft tissue sarcoma (STS) that originates in the body's connective tissues. It is characterized by the presence of myxoid (gel-like) and fibrous components and typically affects patients after the fifth decade of life. Considering the ongoing trend of increasing lifespans across many nations, MFS is likely to become the most common musculoskeletal sarcoma in the future.

Role of bone marrow adipocytes in bone metastasis development and progression: a systematic review.

Purpose: Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are the most plentiful cells in the bone marrow and function as an endocrine organ by producing fatty acids, cytokines, and adipokines. Consequently, BMAs can interact with tumor cells, influencing both tumor growth and the onset and progression of bone metastasis. This review aims to systematically evaluate the role of BMAs in the development and progression of bone metastasis.

Aneurysmal bone cyst: Is selective arterial embolization effective as curettage and bone grafting?

Introduction: Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a lytic benign bone lesion representing about 1% of all primary bone tumors. Method to treat ABC's have developed over time. The standard of care cure for ABC has been curettage with or without bone grafting of the defect but is burdened by recurrence rates of approximately 25%-31%.

Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predictive Values of Tru-Cut Biopsy in Grading Primary Localized Myxoid Liposarcomas of the Extremities.

(1) Background: Histological diagnosis and tumor grading are major prognostic and predictive factors in soft tissue sarcomas (STS), as they dictate the treatment strategies with a direct impact on patient survival. This study aims to investigate the grading accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of Tru-Cut biopsy (TCB) in primary localized myxoid liposarcomas (MLs) of the extremities and its impact on patient prognosis. (2) Methods: Patients with ML undergoing TCB and a subsequent tumor resection between 2007 and 2021 were evaluated.

Focused Ultrasound and RadioTHERapy for non-invasive palliative pain treatment in patients with bone metastasis: a study protocol for the three armed randomized controlled FURTHER trial.

Background: Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP), caused by bone metastases, is a common complication of cancer and strongly impairs quality of life (QoL). External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is the current standard of care for treatment of CIBP. However, approximately 45% of patients have no adequate pain response after EBRT.

ABCA6 affects the malignancy of Ewing sarcoma cells via cholesterol-guided inhibition of the IGF1R/AKT/MDM2 axis.

Purpose: The relevance of the subfamily A members of ATP-binding cassette (ABCA) transporters as biomarkers of risk and response is emerging in different tumors, but their mechanisms of action have only been partially defined. In this work, we investigated their role in Ewing sarcoma (EWS), a pediatric cancer with unmet clinical issues.

Methods: The expression of ABC members was evaluated by RT-qPCR in patients with localized EWS.

Periacetabular Tumour Resection under Anterosuperior Iliac Spine Allows Better Alloprosthetic Reconstruction than Above: Bone Contact Matters.

Background: Periacetabular resections are more affected by late complications than other pelvic resections. Reconstruction using bone allograft is considered a suitable solution. However, it is still not clear how the bone-allograft contact surface impacts on mechanical and functional outcome.

Treatment updates on tenosynovial giant cell tumor.

Purpose Of Review: Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor (dt-TGCT) is a benign clonal neoplastic proliferation arising from the synovium. Patients are often symptomatic, require multiple surgical procedures during their lifetime, and have reduced quality of life (QoL). Surgery is the main treatment with relapse rates ranging from 14 to 55%.

Primary High-Grade Myxoid Liposarcoma of the Extremities: Prognostic Factors and Metastatic Pattern.

(1) Background: This retrospective study aimed to analyze the history and treatment outcomes of localized, high-grade MLS of the extremities. (2) Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 82 patients with primary high-grade MLS of the extremities. OS, LRFS, MFS, PRS, and DFS were analyzed.

New Ground-Breaking Strategies in Bone Regeneration-In Memory of Nerio Ceroni.

This editorial article is dedicated to the memory of the Nerio Ceroni, the grandfather of the first author [...

Electrochemotherapy Is Effective in the Treatment of Bone Metastases.

Bone metastases induce pain, risk of fracture, and neural compression, and reduced mobility and quality of life. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimally invasive local treatment based on a high-voltage electric pulse combined with an anticancer drug. Preclinical and clinical studies have supported the use of ECT in patients with metastatic bone disease, demonstrating that it does not damage the mineral structure of the bone and its regenerative capacity, and that is feasible and efficient for the treatment of bone metastases.

Bone Infarct-Associated Osteosarcoma: Epidemiologic and Survival Trends.

Background: Bone tumors are not a frequent occurrence and bone infarct-associated sarcomas are even rarer. The prognosis of patients experiencing this disease is poor and treatment for them remains a challenge. Nevertheless, hardly any analyses in literature report on secondary osteosarcoma (SO) on bone infarct and most of the data available do not provide sufficient details.

Dielectric Elastomer Actuators, Neuromuscular Interfaces, and Foreign Body Response in Artificial Neuromuscular Prostheses: A Review of the Literature for an In Vivo Application.

The inability to replace human muscle in surgical practice is a significant challenge. An artificial muscle controlled by the nervous system is considered a potential solution for this. Here, this is defined as a neuromuscular prosthesis.

Operating procedures for electrochemotherapy in bone metastases: Results from a multicenter prospective study on 102 patients.

Introduction: Bone metastases are frequent in patients with cancer. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimally invasive treatment. Preclinical and clinical studies supported the use of ECT in patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD).

Trends in Bone Metastasis Modeling.

Bone is one of the most common sites for cancer metastasis. Bone tissue is composed by different kinds of cells that coexist in a coordinated balance. Due to the complexity of bone, it is impossible to capture the intricate interactions between cells under either physiological or pathological conditions.

Does Osteoarthritis of the Ipsilateral Hip Develop After Knee Rotationplasty? A Radiologic Study on Patients with Long-term Survival Undergoing Surgery for Bone Tumors.

Background: During routine check-ups of long-term surviving knee rotationplasty patients referred to our institute, we noted that the operated limb radiograph showed signs of hip osteoarthritis in some patients, and that one patient reported hip pain. We wondered whether radiographic changes and symptoms are common in patients undergoing rotationplasty due to mechanical or overloading problems during gait. Based on these considerations, we wished to determine how frequently arthrosis or arthritis would arise in the ipsilateral hip to a knee rotationplasty at long-term follow-up.

Mesenchymal stromal cells mediated delivery of photoactive nanoparticles inhibits osteosarcoma growth in vitro and in a murine in vivo ectopic model.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive malignant neoplasm that still suffers from poor prognosis in the case of distal metastases or occurrence of multi-drug resistance. It is therefore crucial to find novel therapeutic options able to go beyond these limitations and improve patients' survival. The objective of this study is to exploit the intrinsic properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to migrate and infiltrate the tumor stroma to specifically deliver therapeutic agents directly to cancer cells.