Dynamic Behavior and Energy Absorption of Typical Porous Materials under Impacts.

Porous materials are known for their excellent energy absorption capability and, thus, are widely used in anti-impact applications. However, how the pore shape and size impact the failure mechanism and overall behavior of the porous materials under impact loading is still unclear or limitedly touched. Instead of using homogeneous solids for the porous material model, pores with various shapes and sizes were implanted in a solid to establish the porous materials that have true porous structures, which permits exploration of the local failure mechanism.

Study on brazing sealing and wave transmittance of single crystal AlO microwave window.

AlO is considered a promising material for high-power microwave windows due to its low dielectric loss, excellent mechanical properties, and outstanding corrosion resistance. However, the inherent brittleness and low thermal conductivity pose significant challenges in achieving a dependable metal seal. In this study, vacuum brazing technology was employed to achieve brazing sealing between copper and single crystal AlO.

Molecular Simulation Studies on the Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium of CO + 3,3,3-Trifluoropropene (R1243zf) Binary Mixtures.

As fourth-generation refrigerants with great development prospects, hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) can be mixed with other refrigerants, such as carbon dioxide (CO), to form refrigerant mixtures with low global warming potential (GWP) and zero ozone depleting potential (ODP) while retaining the advantages of each component. Refrigerants can work together to achieve complementary benefits. Combinations of CO and HFOs can strengthen the thermodynamic properties of CO while inhibiting the flammability of HFOs.

Label-free and selective cholesterol detection based on multilayer functional structure coated fiber fabry-perot interferometer probe.

A reflective fiber-optic Fabry-Perot cavity probe sensor is proposed to selectively measure cholesterol concentration by insert single mode fiber into ceramic tube and immobilize epoxy resin (ER)/graphene oxide (GO)/beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) multi-layer film onto end face of ceramic tube. EDC/NHS activated GO is selected to form chemical binding with β-CD, and β-CD is the sensitive materials to bind with cholesterol molecules. With multi-layer film assisted, the sensitivity of sensor to cholesterol concentration can reach 3.

Reflective epoxy resin/chitosan/PAA composite-functionalized fiber-optic interferometric probe sensor for sensitive heavy metal ion detection.

A highly sensitive label-free chemical sensing platform for the detection of various metal ions is demonstrated. The chemical sensor was derived from a single-mode fiber that is inserted into the ceramic tube with epoxy resin (ER) on the end face for reflecting light and forms the Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometric cavity. Multilayer chitosan (CS)/polyacrylic acid (PAA) were coated on the surface of the epoxy resin and act as the sensitive film.

Thin-Copper-Layer-Induced Early Fracture in Graphene-Nanosheets (GNSs)-Reinforced Copper-Matrix-Laminated Composites.

The strength-ductility trade-off has been a long-standing challenge when designing and fabricating a novel metal matrix composite. In this study, graphene-nanosheets (GNSs)-reinforced copper (Cu)-matrix-laminated composites were fabricated through two methods, i.e.

Novel multi-mode shortwave broadcast transmitting antenna array.

Currently, shortwave broadcasting in the range of 5.9-26.1 MHz remains a relatively large blind spot within 900 km owing to the limitations of ionospheric characteristics.

Discriminative error prediction network for semi-supervised colon gland segmentation.

Pixel-wise error correction of initial segmentation results provides an effective way for quality improvement. The additional error segmentation network learns to identify correct predictions and incorrect ones. The performance on error segmentation directly affects the accuracy on the test set and the subsequent self-training with the error-corrected pseudo labels.

An Overview of Organs-on-Chips Based on Deep Learning.

Microfluidic-based organs-on-chips (OoCs) are a rapidly developing technology in biomedical and chemical research and have emerged as one of the most advanced and promising models. The miniaturization, stimulated tissue mechanical forces, and microenvironment of OoCs offer unique properties for biomedical applications. However, the large amount of data generated by the high parallelization of OoC systems has grown far beyond the scope of manual analysis by researchers with biomedical backgrounds.

An Investigation on Substitution of Ag Atoms for Al or Ti Atoms in the TiAlC MAX Phase Ceramic Based on First-Principles Calculations.

The present work introduced first-principles calculation to explore the substitution behavior of Ag atoms for Al or Ti atoms in the TiAlC MAX phase ceramic. The effect of Ag substitution on supercell parameter, bonding characteristic, and stability of the TiAlC was investigated. The results show that for the substitution of Ag for Al, the Al-Ti bond was replaced by a weaker Ti-Ag bond, decreasing the stability of the TiAlC.

3D fluorescence confocal microscopy of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well nanorods from a light absorption perspective.

A nanostructure of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) nanorods (NRs) was fabricated using top-down etching with self-organized nickel (Ni) nanoparticles as masks on the wafer. The optical properties of InGaN/GaN MQW NRs were discussed by experiment and theory from a light absorption perspective. Three-dimensional (3D) optical images of NRs were successfully obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) for physical observation of the optical phenomenon of InGaN/GaN MQW NRs.

Ultralow Lattice Thermal Conductivity in SnTe by Incorporating InSb.

Herein, a series of (SnTe)-(InSb) ( = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.

Subsurface imaging of rigid particles buried in a polymer matrix based on atomic force microscopy mechanical sensing.

Several subsurface imaging methods based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) linear nanomechanical mapping, namely contact resonance (CR), bimodal and harmonic AFMs, are investigated and compared. Their respective subsurface detection capability is estimated and evaluated on a model specimen, which is prepared by embedding SiO microparticles in a PDMS elastomer. The measured CR frequency, bimodal and harmonic amplitudes are related to local mechanical properties by analyzing cantilever dynamics and further linked to subsurface depths of the particles by finite element analysis.

Subsurface imaging of flexible circuits via contact resonance atomic force microscopy.

Subsurface imaging of Au circuit structures embedded in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin films with a cover thickness ranging from 52 to 653 nm was carried out by using contact resonance atomic force microscopy (CR-AFM). The mechanical difference of the embedded metal layer leads to an obvious CR-AFM frequency shift and therefore its unambiguous differentiation from the polymer matrix. The contact stiffness contrast, determined from the tracked frequency images, was employed for quantitative evaluation.