Abacavir safety and effectiveness in young infants with HIV in South African observational cohorts.

Background: WHO guidelines recommend abacavir in first-line antiretroviral treatment for children and neonates. However, there is no approved dose <3 months of age, and data in neonates are limited.

Methods: We included infants who initiated ART aged <3 months, between 2006 and 2019, in nine South African cohorts.

Strengthening Social Compact and Innovative Health Sector Collaborations in Addressing COVID-19 in South African Workplaces.

Workplaces are nodes for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 transmission and require strategies to protect workers' health. This article reports on the South African national coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) strategy that sought to ensure workers' health, protect the economic activity, safeguard livelihoods and support health services. Data from the Occupational Health Surveillance System, Surveillance System of Sentinel Hospital Sites, and government databases (public sector health worker and Compensation Fund data) was supplemented by peer-reviewed articles and grey literature.

Exploring HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairment in the Era of Effective Antiretroviral Therapy: A Primary Healthcare Perspective.

The prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment (H-NCI) is concerning. Individuals on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) may still be at risk for H-NCI as they experience longer life expectancies. There are, however, few professionals with knowledge and skills to identify H-NCI, in low- and middle-income countries.

Participants' Preferences and Reasons for Wanting Feedback of Individual Genetic Research Results From an HIV-TB Genomic Study: A Case Study From Botswana.

The feedback of individual results of genomics research is an ethical issue. However, which genetic results African participants would like to receive and why, remains unclear. A qualitative study was conducted to collect data from 44 adolescents and 49 parents/caregivers of adolescents enrolled in a genomic study in Botswana.

Active inclusion of people living with dementia in planning for dementia care and services in low- and middle-income countries.

Involving people living with dementia in service design and planning has become more common in high-income countries. It remains rare in low- and middle-income countries where two-thirds of the world's people with dementia live. In this commentary article, we explore the barriers to inclusion of people living with dementia in planning in low- and middle-income countries and make a case for the inclusion of people living with dementia in care and service planning.

Beyond the project: Building a strategic theory of change to address dementia care, treatment and support gaps across seven middle-income countries.

Evidence from middle-income countries indicates high and increasing prevalence of dementia and need for services. However, there has been little investment in care, treatment or support for people living with dementia and their carers. The Strengthening Responses to Dementia in Developing Countries (STRiDE) project aims to build both research capacity and evidence on dementia care and services in Brazil, Indonesia, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Mexico and South Africa.

Associations Between Self-Reported Sleep Duration and Mortality in Employed Individuals: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Sleeping less or more than the 7-8 h has been associated with mortality in the general population, which encompasses diversity in employment status, age and community settings. Since sleep patterns of employed individuals may differ to those of their unemployed counterparts, the nature of their sleep-mortality relationship may vary. We therefore investigated the association between self-reported sleep duration and all-cause mortality (ACM) or cardiovascular disease mortality (CVDM) in employed individuals.

ISPD guidelines for peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: 2020 Update (paediatrics).

1.1 Peritoneal dialysis is a suitable renal replacement therapy modality for treatment of acute kidney injury in children. ()2.

ISPD guidelines for peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: 2020 update (adults).

Summary Statements: (1) Peritoneal dialysis (PD) should be considered a suitable modality for treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) in all settings .

Guideline 2: Access And Fluid Delivery For Acute Pd In Adults: (2.1) Flexible peritoneal catheters should be used where resources and expertise exist .

The Effect of Calcium Supplementation on Body Weight Before and During Pregnancy in Women Enrolled in the WHO Calcium and Preeclampsia Trial.

Introduction: Obesity is a major and challenging public health problem. The aim of this substudy is to evaluate the effect of calcium supplementation on body weight in women recruited in the Calcium and Preeclampsia trial.

Methods: Women were recruited before pregnancy and randomized to receive a calcium supplement containing 500 mg of elemental calcium or placebo until 20 weeks' gestation; all women received 1.

A scoping review of mother-child separation in clinical paediatric settings.

There is increasing evidence to suggest that autonomic regulation of hospitalised infants is affected by separation from their mother. This review explored the extent of the evidence relating to the impact of separation on infants and children and aimed to identify suitable measures of the impact of mother-child separation. We conducted a scoping review of seven databases using the main search terms 'physiological', 'psychological', 'infant/child', 'maternal separation' and 'hospital'.

A promising pediatric peritoneal dialysis experience in a resource-limited setting with the support of saving young lives program.

In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), acute kidney injury (AKI) contributes to the high rate of child mortality owing to the conjunction of poverty, deficiency of qualified health-care providers in pediatric nephrology, and the lack of pediatric dialysis programs. We aimed to describe the recent experience of the first pediatric acute peritoneal dialysis (PD) program in DRC. This is a retrospective cohort study on epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes of children admitted from January 2018 to January 2019 at the University Hospital of Kinshasa for AKI and treated with PD.