Workplace discrimination and harassment among Alberta postgraduate medical trainees: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Addressing a lack of diversity in the physician workforce is a priority in the Canadian healthcare system. Data describing demographics of residents and their experiences of discrimination, harassment, and racism at work are incomplete. The objective of this work was to describe the demographics and perceptions of workplace discrimination and harassment for postgraduate medical trainees in Alberta.

A world-wide study on delirium assessments and presence of protocols.

Background: Delirium is a common complication of older people in hospitals, rehabilitation and long-term facilities.

Objective: To assess the worldwide use of validated delirium assessment tools and the presence of delirium management protocols.

Design: Secondary analysis of a worldwide one-day point prevalence study on World Delirium Awareness Day, 15 March 2023.

Protein interaction map of APOBEC3 enzyme family reveals deamination-independent role in cellular function.

Human APOBEC3 enzymes are a family of single-stranded (ss)DNA and RNA cytidine deaminases that act as part of the intrinsic immunity against viruses and retroelements. These enzymes deaminate cytosine to form uracil which can functionally inactivate or cause degradation of viral or retroelement genomes. In addition, APOBEC3s have deamination independent antiviral activity through protein and nucleic acid interactions.

The Effect of Alcohol Cue Exposure on Tobacco-Related Cue Reactivity: A Systematic Review.

Aims: To examine the effect of alcohol cue exposure on tobacco-related cravings, self-administration and other measures of tobacco-related cue reactivity.

Methods: We searched Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus from inception to May 2020 for articles reporting on a combination of cue reactivity (and/or cross-cue reactivity), alcohol use and tobacco consumption. A semi-quantitative analysis and study quality assessment were performed for the included articles.

Electronic cigarette use and mental health: A Canadian population-based study.

Background: To examine the association between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and adverse mental health status.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2015 and 2016 Canadian Community Health Survey (n = 53,050). Sampling weights and associated bootstrap procedures were used to account for survey design effects.

Cyclooxygenase inhibitors for treating preterm labour: What is the molecular evidence? .

Preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation) significantly increases the risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity. As many as half of all preterm births occur following spontaneous preterm labour. Since in such cases there are no known reasons for the initiation of labour, treatment of preterm labour (tocolysis) has sought to stop labour contractions and delay delivery.

Imaging department organization in a stroke center and workflow processes in acute stroke.

The imaging department is an integral part of the stroke management task force and plays a critical role. Accurate and timely interpretation of images obtained in the emergency department and involvement in decision-making has contributed immensely in stroke care. In fact, the treatment paradigm has changed considerably after the recent positive endovascular clinical trials; and so is the hospital workflow and treatment site.

GRADE equity guidelines 2: considering health equity in GRADE guideline development: equity extension of the guideline development checklist.

Objective: To provide guidance for guideline developers on how to consider health equity at key stages of the guideline development process.

Study Design And Setting: Literature review followed by group discussions and consensus building.

Results: The key stages at which guideline developers could consider equity include setting priorities, guideline group membership, identifying the target audience(s), generating the guideline questions, considering the importance of outcomes and interventions, deciding what evidence to include and searching for evidence, summarizing the evidence and considering additional information, wording of recommendations, and evaluation and use.

Feather corticosterone reveals stress associated with dietary changes in a breeding seabird.

Changes in climate and anthropogenic pressures might affect the composition and abundance of forage fish in the world's oceans. The junk-food hypothesis posits that dietary shifts that affect the quality (e.g.

The cardiac ryanodine receptor luminal Ca2+ sensor governs Ca2+ waves, ventricular tachyarrhythmias and cardiac hypertrophy in calsequestrin-null mice.

CASQ2 (cardiac calsequestrin) is commonly believed to serve as the SR (sarcoplasmic reticulum) luminal Ca2+ sensor. Ablation of CASQ2 promotes SCWs (spontaneous Ca2+ waves) and CPVT (catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia) upon stress but not at rest. How SCWs and CPVT are triggered by stress in the absence of the CASQ2-based luminal Ca2+ sensor is an important unresolved question.

The case for vitamin D supplementation in multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Given that vitamin D has a role in immunomodulation, and its levels appear to correlate with the development of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), it is conceivable that vitamin D may also influence disease activity in MS patients. In this regard, we conducted a systematic review investigating the evidence for: (1) the role of vitamin D in disease activity in MS, and (2) the therapeutic supplementation of vitamin D in MS.

Methods: A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Pubmed, clinical trials registries, and conference proceedings, followed by screening and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, yielded 57 studies for detailed appraisal.

Paradoxical effects of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonist GW405833 on rat osteoarthritic knee joint pain.

Objective: The present study examined whether local administration of the cannabinoid-2 (CB(2)) receptor agonist GW405833 could modulate joint nociception in control rat knee joints and in an animal model of osteoarthritis (OA).

Method: OA was induced in male Wistar rats by intra-articular injection of sodium monoiodo-acetate with a recovery period of 14 days. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of CB(2) and transient receptor potential vanilloid channel-1 (TRPV1) receptors in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and synovial membrane of sham- and sodium mono-iodoacetate (MIA)-treated animals.

Is there an association between spatial access to parks/green space and childhood overweight/obesity in Calgary, Canada?

Background: The recent increase in childhood obesity is expected to add significantly to the prevalence of chronic diseases. We used multivariate multilevel analysis to examine associations between parks/green space and childhood overweight/obesity across communities in Calgary, Canada, a city characterized by intensified urban sprawl and high car use.

Methods: Body Mass Index was calculated from measured height and weight data obtained from 6,772 children (mean age = 4.

Moving research into practice: A decision framework for integrating home telehealth into chronic illness care.

Home telehealth is an effective alternative for some aspects of traditional care in chronic illnesses such as diabetes, congestive heart failure and asthma. However, in spite of evidence to support use of home telehealth technologies, they have not been adopted as predicted. A significant challenge for decision-makers is applying results from multiple small studies to the care of large numbers of clients in a health region.

Management of vasovagal syncope: 2004.

Vasovagal syncope is a common disorder that affects at least 20% of people at some time in their lives. Probably half of these patients faint recurrently; for many this causes physical trauma, a substantial reduction in quality of life, and difficulties with driving, employment and education. The last 15 years have seen striking advances in diagnostic approaches and prognostic understanding.

Microvacuolar neuronopathy: a postmortem artifact of sensory neurons.

Vacuolar changes in primary sensory neurons have been described in the context of disease and injury. In this work we examine microvacuolation of rat dorsal root ganglion (primary sensory) neurons. This change, attributed to swelling of mitochondria, had a direct relationship with the duration of the post mortem interval prior to harvesting.

Isolation and characterization of a novel, transforming allele of the c-Cbl proto-oncogene from a murine macrophage cell line.

The c-Cbl proto-oncogene acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase via its RING finger domain to negatively regulate activated cellular signal transduction pathways. We have identified an aberrant Cbl-protein of approximately 95 kDa, which we have called p95Cbl, from the murine reticulum sarcoma cell-line, J-774. Cloning of the p95Cbl cDNA revealed that it contains a deletion resulting in the loss of 111 amino acids, eliminating two critical tyrosine residues in the linker region as well as the entire RING finger domain.

Multiple imputation versus data enhancement for dealing with missing data in observational health care outcome analyses.

The problem of missing data is frequently encountered in observational studies. We compared approaches to dealing with missing data. Three multiple imputation methods were compared with a method of enhancing a clinical database through merging with administrative data.

Biopsychosocial correlates of lifetime major depression in a multiple sclerosis population.

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the lifetime and point prevalence of major depression in a population-based Multiple Sclerosis (MS) clinic sample, and to describe associations between selected biopsychosocial variables and the prevalence of lifetime major depression in this sample. Subjects who had participated in an earlier study were re-contacted for additional data collection. Eighty-three per cent (n=136) of those eligible consented to participate.

Effects of high-fat diet on mature bone mineral content, structure, and mechanical properties.

Diets with a high saturated fat content can produce deleterious effects on the absorption of dietary calcium and consequently an adverse effect on bone mineralization in growing animals. Hence dietary fat may have long-term consequences for skeletal health and skeletal pathologies such as osteoporosis. Whether a diet high in saturated fat has similar negative effects on adult bone, however, remains unresolved.